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COURSE DESCRIPTION
Dept., Number CS 232 Course Title Computer Organization
Semester hours
Course Coordinators Badii, Joseph, Nemes
2004-2006 Catalog Description
Comparative study of the organization and architecture of various present-day digital computers. The architecture is studied as a hierarchy of levels. Comprehensive treatment of the conventional machine level and the microprogramming level.
New Description
This course provides basic and generic knowledge of digital computer organization and design at the machine and microprogramming levels with the associated assembly language programming concepts. It highlights the organization and architecture of the central processing unit, input-output peripherals, memory unit, and pipelining and parallel processing. It also presents computer forensics concepts in the assurance of the integrity of information extraction from a personal computer and handling for evidential purposes.
Textbook : Faculty may choose the latest edition of either of the following:
M. Morris Mano; Computer System Architecture ; Prentice Hall
K. Irvine; Assembly Language for Intel-Based Computers ; Prentice Hall
References (latest edition is preferred)
Andrew S. Tanenbaum, Structured Computer Organization , Prentice Hall
Tony Sammes and Brian Jenkinson, Forensic Computing: A practitioner’s Guide ; Springer
Course Goals
Objective 1 : Students will acquire sound knowledge in the key principles and practices used in the design and analysis of a digital computer system.
Outcomes: Demonstrate an understanding of the basic building blocks of the functional units of a digital computer system.
Use truth tables and algebraic expressions to describe the functions of simple combinational circuits, design circuits from these descriptions, design basic sequential circuits from truth tables, and analyze related combinational and sequential circuits,
Demonstrate that they are able to explain the storage of numeric and nonnumeric data, able to discuss the relativity utility of signed-magnitude and two’s complement representation of negative integers from the point-of- view of a digital computing device.
Explain the steps involve in the design of a basic digital computer system.
Objective 2 : Students will understand the differences among the main types programming languages relative to their effect on a digital computer’s processing speed; relationships between the types of programming languages from a user perspective; and tradeoffs between hardware and software in digital systems design; as well as develop the analytical skills needed troubleshoot assembly language programs.
Outcomes: Demonstrate through descriptions, discussions, and or illustrations an understanding of the purpose of an assembly language, its programming objectives, and its relationship to machine language and high-level languages.
Understand and be able to explain the concepts of assembly language directives, operators, macros, and program structure
Demonstrate the ability to analyze assembly language programs and to translate simple high-level language programs into corresponding assembly language programs.
Discuss the issues involved in hardware or software implementation of an instruction in a digital computer instruction set.
Demonstrate the ability to discuss, with appropriate illustrations, the concepts of subroutine calls and interrupts at the assembly level.
Objective 5 : Students will acquire practical knowledge of disks and drives, partition tables, and copying and imaging; will understand the principles of computer-based evidence and the practices of computer examinations. OPTIONAL: Students will understand the basics of computer forensics in its relation to computer hardware.
Outcomes: Demonstrate the ability to differentiate between copying and imaging.
Demonstrate a practical understanding of physical disks, logical drives, and interpretation of partition table.
Demonstrate an understanding of the likely places information is hidden on a personal computer.
Explain information storage on floppy and hard disk drives.
Optional: Demonstrate a practical understanding of the relatedness of computer forensics to digital computer hardware.
Prerequisites by Topic Experience with data types (e.g int, char, double), assignment, selective execution, iteration, and the use of methods.
Truth tables, binary arithmetic using digital logic, flip-flops, latches, registers.
Major Topics Covered in the Course Review: Digital logic circuits (logic gates, Boolean algebra, combinational circuits, and flip-flops);
Digital components (decoders, multiplexers, registers, counters tri-state switches, buses, and memory units); and Data representation (data types, 2’s complement, fixed-point, and floating-point)
Register Transfer and Microoperations: register transfer (language, and bus and memory); Microoperations (shift, logic, and arithmetic); and Arithmetic logic shift unit (ALU).
Basic computer Organization and Design: Timing and control; Instruction cycle; Computer instructions and types; and Design of accumulator logic and basic computer
Programming the Basic Computer: Machine language; Assembly language; Assembler; Program loops, subroutines, and Programming arithmetic and logic operations
Microprogrammed Control: Microarchitecture; Control memory; Address sequencing; Microinstructions; Example; and Control unit design
Central Processing Unit (CPU): Register and stack organization; Instruction formats; Addressing modes; Data transfer and manipulation; Program control; and Comparison of CISC and RISC architectures.
Input/Output Organization: Peripheral devices, Interface; Asynchronous data transfer; and Transfer modes (programmed I/O, interrupt, DMA, and IOP); Encoding methods and formats for floppy disks.
Memory Organization: Memory hierarchy; Main memory; Auxiliary memory; Associative memory; Cache memory, Virtual memory, and Memory management; Boot sequence and POST; Master boot record and partitions; Directories and file systems, and hiding information; Main issues and physical construction (heads, tracks, and cylinders) of disk geometry; Formation of addressable elements; Hard disk interfaces; Encoding methods and formats for hard disks; Formatting process.
Pipeline and Multiprocessors: Implementations of simple datapaths; Instruction pipelining; Introduction to instruction-level parallelism; Superscalar architecture; Branch prediction; Prefetching; Multithreading; Introduction to SIMD, MIMD, VLIW, and EPIC; Systolic architecture; Interconnection networks (hypercube, shuffle-exchange, mesh, and crossbar); Shared memory systems; Cache coherence; and Memory models and memory consistency.
Treatment of Personal Computers: Guide to Good Practice; Principles of Computer-Based Evidence; Search and Seizure, Intelligence, Preparation, and Briefing; Operating Dilemma; Shutdown, Seizure, and Transportation; Computer Examinations; Physical Disks and Logical Drives; Interpreting Partition Tables; and Imaging and Copying.
