Download Computer science medium level examination with answers and more Exams Computer Science in PDF only on Docsity!
Computer science Exam - 1/7/
49 questions ready
1 A software development team is using Agile methodology. What is the primary
benefit of using this approach in their projects?
A Faster delivery of functional software
B Less need for customer interaction
C More comprehensive documentation
D Rigid project scope definition
Explanation: Agile methodology focuses on iterative development and encourages regular feedback, leading to quicker delivery of functional software.
2 In a relational database, what is the purpose of a foreign key?
A To uniquely identify a record in a table
B To create a relationship between two tables
C To enforce data integrity in a single table
D To store large binary objects
Explanation: A foreign key is used to link two tables together, establishing a relationship between them.
3 A user encounters a '404 Not Found' error while trying to access a webpage.
What does this indicate?
A The server is overloaded
B The requested resource does not exist
C There is a permissions issue
D The server is down for maintenance
Explanation: A '404 Not Found' error means that the server could not find the requested resource, typically because it does not exist.
4 A data scientist is analyzing a dataset that contains outliers. Which statistical
method is commonly used to deal with these outliers?
A Standard deviation calculation
B Z-score normalization
C Mean imputation
D Median calculation
Explanation: Z-score normalization helps identify how far a data point is from the mean, making it effective for handling outliers.
5 In the context of cybersecurity, what does the term 'phishing' refer to?
A A method to protect sensitive data
B A technique for monitoring network traffic
C A fraudulent attempt to obtain sensitive information
8 Which of the following is a characteristic feature of cloud computing?
A Local storage of all data
B On-demand network access to shared resources
C Permanent hardware installation
D Fixed pricing model
Explanation: Cloud computing allows users to access shared resources over the network on-demand, providing flexibility and scalability.
9 A developer is implementing a search algorithm on a large dataset. Which
algorithm would generally offer the best performance for a sorted list?
A Linear search
B Binary search
C Depth-first search
D Breadth-first search
Explanation: Binary search is more efficient on sorted lists as it repeatedly divides the search interval in half.
10 Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of big data?
A Volume
B Velocity
C Variety
D Simplicity
Explanation: Simplicity is not one of the key characteristics of big data; the main characteristics are volume, velocity, and variety.
11 An organization is transitioning to a microservices architecture. What is a
primary advantage of this approach?
A Easier deployment of the entire application
B Increased team dependency on each service
C Better scalability and maintainability of individual services
D Reduced need for automated testing
Explanation: Microservices architecture allows individual services to be scaled and maintained independently, improving overall system flexibility.
12 What is the primary function of a compiler in programming?
A To execute code directly
B To convert high-level code to machine code
C To debug code
D To manage memory allocation
Explanation: A compiler translates high-level programming languages into machine code, which can then be executed by the computer.
D Increase the budget to add more developers.
Explanation: Regular refactoring helps to manage technical debt and improve the code quality over time.
16 A company is using a microservices architecture for its application. What is a
potential drawback of this approach?
A Easier fault isolation and recovery.
B Increased complexity in service management.
C Improved scalability of individual services.
D Faster deployment cycles for new features.
Explanation: Microservices can lead to increased complexity due to the need for managing multiple services and their interactions.
17 An e-commerce website wants to enhance user experience by recommending
products to customers. Which machine learning technique would be most
suitable for this task?
A Supervised learning with regression.
B Unsupervised learning with clustering.
C Reinforcement learning with user feedback.
D Collaborative filtering with user behavior data.
Explanation: Collaborative filtering is commonly used in recommendation systems to suggest products based on user behavior.
18 A developer is tasked with improving the loading speed of a web application.
Which optimization technique is least effective?
A Minifying CSS and JavaScript files.
B Implementing lazy loading for images.
C Increasing server capacity without code changes.
D Using a content delivery network (CDN).
Explanation: Increasing server capacity alone does not address potential inefficiencies in the application code or assets.
19 In a computer network, which protocol is primarily responsible for ensuring the
reliable transmission of data packets?
A UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
B FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
C TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
D HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol)
Explanation: TCP is designed to ensure reliable transmission of data, including error checking and retransmission of lost packets.
20 A database administrator needs to ensure that a database can recover from a
failure without losing data. Which strategy should she implement?
A Use a single backup every month.
B Implement a transaction log.
C Store data only in memory.
23 A software company is facing issues with software bugs in production due to
insufficient testing. What could be a recommended practice to improve the
situation?
A Increase the number of developers.
B Implement automated testing.
C Limit testing to only critical features.
D Reduce the development timeline.
Explanation: Automated testing helps catch bugs early in the development process, improving software quality.
24 What is the primary advantage of using an Agile software development
methodology?
A Emphasis on comprehensive documentation.
B Flexibility to adapt to changes quickly.
C Strict adherence to a predefined plan.
D Faster development of all features at once.
Explanation: Agile methodologies prioritize adaptability and responsiveness to changes throughout the development process.
25 A company needs to analyze large amounts of unstructured data, such as
social media posts. Which technology would be most effective for this
purpose?
A Relational databases.
B NoSQL databases.
C Excel spreadsheets.
D Data warehouses.
Explanation: NoSQL databases are designed to handle unstructured and semi-structured data, making them ideal for such analysis.
26 A cybersecurity analyst is investigating a data breach involving stolen user
credentials. What is the most effective immediate response?
A Notify users to change their passwords.
B Shut down the entire network.
C Implement a new firewall.
D Ignore the breach if no sensitive data was exposed.
Explanation: Notifying users to change their passwords can help prevent unauthorized access using stolen credentials.
27 A project manager is assessing the performance of a development team. Which
metric would best indicate the team's productivity?
A Number of lines of code written.
B Number of features delivered per sprint.
C Time spent in meetings.
D Number of bugs reported after release.
Explanation: The number of features delivered per sprint reflects the team's ability to produce functional software.
D Dynamic Programming
Explanation: K-means Clustering is used for pattern recognition and grouping similar data points, making it ideal for analyzing user data.
31 During a software deployment, a critical bug is discovered in the production
environment. What is the best immediate action to take?
A Roll back to the previous version
B Notify the product manager
C Attempt to fix the bug in production
D Run a set of automated tests
Explanation: Rolling back to the previous stable version minimizes impact while a fix is developed.
32 Which programming paradigm is primarily used for solving problems through
the use of functions and avoiding state and mutable data?
A Procedural Programming
B Object-Oriented Programming
C Functional Programming
D Declarative Programming
Explanation: Functional Programming emphasizes the use of pure functions and avoids changing state.
33 A startup is considering moving its data storage to the cloud. Which of the
following is a primary benefit of cloud storage?
A Decreased accessibility
B Scalability
C Increased hardware costs
D Reduced data security
Explanation: Cloud storage offers scalability, allowing companies to easily adjust their storage needs.
34 An e-commerce website is experiencing slow load times. Which of the
following techniques could be used to improve performance?
A Use synchronous requests
B Implement caching strategies
C Increase the number of server-side scripts
D Reduce the use of CSS
Explanation: Implementing caching strategies helps to reduce load times by storing frequently accessed data.
35 In a distributed system, which of the following issues is most critical to
address to ensure consistency across nodes?
A Latency
B Partition Tolerance
C Data Replication
38 An organization wants to protect sensitive data from unauthorized access.
Which security measure is most effective?
A Using simple passwords
B Implementing two-factor authentication
C Regularly changing passwords
D Storing passwords in plain text
Explanation: Two-factor authentication adds an extra layer of security by requiring two forms of identification.
39 Which of the following programming languages is primarily used for web
development on the client side?
A Python
B JavaScript
C Java
D C#
Explanation: JavaScript is the standard language for client-side web development, enabling dynamic content.
40 What is the main purpose of a version control system in software
development?
A To increase code complexity
B To track changes and manage code versions
C To reduce collaboration among developers
D To eliminate code review processes
Explanation: Version control systems track changes, allowing teams to collaborate effectively and manage code history.
41 A developer is implementing a machine learning model. Which of the following
steps is crucial before training the model?
A Deploy the model
B Select the model architecture
C Preprocess the data
D Choose the programming language
Explanation: Preprocessing the data is essential to ensure the model learns from clean and relevant information.
42 Which technology is commonly used for creating RESTful APIs?
A SOAP
B GraphQL
C HTTP
D FTP
Explanation: RESTful APIs utilize HTTP as their communication protocol, allowing for stateless interactions.
D The team consists of fewer than five members with limited experience in distributed systems.
Explanation: Microservices are beneficial when applications require frequent updates and scaling of individual components, allowing for greater flexibility and agility.
46 During a system analysis for a banking application, an analyst discovers that
the transaction processing time is significantly longer than expected. What
should be the FIRST step in addressing this issue?
A Increase the hardware specifications of the servers.
B Analyze the current database queries for performance bottlenecks.
C Implement a load balancer to distribute traffic more evenly.
D Conduct a user survey to understand customer satisfaction levels.
Explanation: The first step should be to analyze the database queries, as optimizing them could lead to significant improvements in transaction processing times.
47 A startup is planning to use a cloud service for hosting its application. What is
one primary advantage of using Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) over
traditional hosting?
A IaaS eliminates the need for any network security measures.
B IaaS provides more control over the underlying hardware and scalability options.
C IaaS is always cheaper than traditional hosting solutions.
D IaaS requires a longer setup time compared to traditional hosting.
Explanation: IaaS offers greater control over the hardware and allows for scalable deployment options, which is a significant advantage over traditional hosting.
48 In a recent cybersecurity incident, a company discovered that its data was
compromised due to poor password management. What is the MOST effective
strategy to prevent such incidents in the future?
A Implement a policy requiring users to change their passwords every month.
B Use multi-factor authentication to add an extra layer of security.
C Encourage employees to create longer passwords with complex characters.
D Limit access to sensitive data only to senior management.
Explanation: Multi-factor authentication significantly enhances security by requiring an additional verification step beyond just the password.
49 A machine learning model is performing well on training data but poorly on
validation data. What is a likely cause of this issue?
A The model is underfitting the training data.
B The model has too few features to accurately predict outcomes.
C The model is overfitting the training data.
D The model's training data is too diverse.
Explanation: Overfitting occurs when a model learns the training data too well, including its noise and outliers, leading to poor performance on unseen validation data.
