Conditional Statements in C++ or if
Statements
Conditional statements, also known as selection statements, are used to make
decisions based on a given condition. If the condition evaluates to True, a set of
statements is executed, otherwise another set of statements is executed.
The if Statement:The if statement selects and executes the statement(s) based on a
given condition. If the condition evaluates to True then a given set of statement(s) is
executed. However, if the condition evaluates to False, then the given set of
statements is skipped and the program control passes to the statement following the if
statement. The syntax of the if statement is
1
2
3
4
5
if (condition) {
statement 1;
statement 2;
statement 3;
}
Theif-else Statement:The if – else statement causes one of the two possible
statement( s) to execute, depending upon the outcome of the condition.
The syntax of the if-else statements is
1
2
3
4
5
6
if (condition) // if part {
statement1;
statement2;
}
else // else part
statement3;
Here, the if-else statement comprises two parts, namely, if and else. If the condition is
True the if part is executed. However, if the condition is False, the else part is
executed.
To understand the concept of the if -else statement, consider this example.
Example :A code$segment to determine the greater of two numbers
1
2
3
4
if(x>y)
cout<<"x is greater";
else
cout<<"y is greater";
Nestedif-else Statement:A nested if-else statement contains one or more if-else
statements. The if else can be nested in three different ways, which are discussed
here.
• Theif – else$statement is nested within theif$part.
The syntax is
