congested heart failure, Slides of Medicine

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Albandari Alshaye

Congested

heart

failure

Inability of the heart to maintain an adequate cardiac output to meet the

metabolic demands of the body.

Cardiac heart failure:

Causes of HF 1- Impaired cardiac function Coronary heart disease Cardiomyopathies (muscle disease) Rheumatic fever Endocarditis 3- Acute non-cardiac conditions Volume overload Hyperthyroidism Fever Infection 2- Increased cardiac workload Hypertension Valvular disorders Anemia Congenital heart defects

Types of HF Left sided heart failure

• (^) Inadequate output of LV causing decreased CO to body and back pressure to the lungs. The left side of the heart is usually where heart failure begins. Right sided heart failure
• (^) Inadequate output of RV causing decreased CO to lungs and back pressure to venous system. It may occur alone but is usually a result of left sided failure.

• (^) Diastolic (or relaxation) heart failure
• (^) • The muscle becomes stiff and loses some of its ability to relax.
• (^) • As a result, the affected chamber has trouble filling with blood during the rest period that occurs between each heartbeat.
• (^) • Often the walls of the heart thicken, and the size of the chamber may be normal or reduced.

signs and symptoms of right ventricular failure

• (^) Fatigue
• (^) Weakness
• (^) Lethargy
• (^) Weight gain, including abdominal girth
• (^) Anorexia
• (^) Elevated neck veins
• (^) Edema
• (^) Hepatomegaly