Construction Regulations and Practices, Exams of Nursing

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NASLCA VIRGINIA EXAM 2024/

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What is the MAXIMUM penalty for a contractor who undertakes work without the proper class of license? - Precise Answer ✔✔$500 fine per day for each day of violation plus penalties for a misdemeanor. All Class A contractor licensure applications MUST include - Precise Answer ✔✔information on the knowledge, skills, and abilities of the applicant. What is the PRIMARY purpose of licensing? - Precise Answer ✔✔Protect the health and welfare of the public. When a claimant is paid funds from the Contractors Recovery Trust Fund - Precise Answer ✔✔the contractor's license is revoked. !!! The application for licensure MUST include - Precise Answer ✔✔the business address of the proposed designated employee. Which of the following is a requirement for a joint venture? - Precise Answer ✔✔Either the joint venture or each contracting party of the joint venture must be licensed.

All of the following must be licensed EXCEPT - Precise Answer ✔✔a material supplier who advises a contractor. How much is the Class A initial license fee? - Precise Answer ✔✔$ A licensee's name change MUST be reported to the Board within a MAXIMUM of how many days? - Precise Answer ✔✔30 days According to the Board Rules and Regulations, a full-time employee is one who works a MINIMUM of how many hours per week? - Precise Answer ✔✔30 hours. A firm desiring to be licensed as a Class B contractor MUST have a MINIMUM net worth of - Precise Answer ✔✔$15,000. According to the Board Rules and Regulations, which of the following could be a qualified individual? - Precise Answer ✔✔Any full-time employee. An appeal of the local building official's decision to refuse to grant a modification to the USBC MUST be made to the local building board within a MAXIMUM of how many days? - Precise Answer ✔✔90 days. A building official MUST issue a certificate of occupancy for a building that meets all the requirements for a certificate within a MAXIMUM of

how many working days after the certificate was requested? - Precise Answer ✔✔ 5 Additions to buildings MUST comply with - Precise Answer ✔✔the current code for new construction. When MUST the work be stopped following the issuance of a stop work order? - Precise Answer ✔✔Immediately Who is to be in charge of a local building department? - Precise Answer ✔✔Building official. Contractors who are assessed a fee to support the Transaction Recovery Fund MUST pay this fee within a MINIMUM of how many days from when the assessment fee notice was mailed? - Precise Answer ✔✔ 45 days Contractors will be assessed a fee for the Transaction Recovery Fund whenever the fund balance is less than - Precise Answer ✔✔$400,000. Payments made by the Transaction Recovery Fund to claimants may include an amount for - Precise Answer ✔✔attorneys' fees. A contract for which of the following types of structures may be subject to recovery from the Transaction Recovery Fund? - Precise Answer ✔✔Residential only.

A verified claim for payment from the Transaction Recovery Fund MUST occur within a MAXIMUM of what period of time from the date the claimant was awarded a final judgment? - Precise Answer ✔✔ 12 months. An appeal of a final decision of a county on an erosion control plan MUST be filed within a MAXIMUM of how many days? - Precise Answer ✔✔30 days. Temporary erosion and sediment control measures MUST be removed within a MAXIMUM of how many days after the final site stabilization?

• Precise Answer ✔✔30 days. Which of the following statements about a sole proprietorship is TRUE?
• Precise Answer ✔✔The business, or any part of it, can be sold, altered, or exchanged at will. What type of business organization allows people to share financial resources? - Precise Answer ✔✔Partnership. Which of the following estimating methods is typically used by the architect rather than the contractor? - Precise Answer ✔✔Conceptual estimate. Equipment needs for a project are BEST estimated by - Precise Answer ✔✔calculating the number of hours or days it is needed.

What should be added to wage rates to ensure accuracy in estimating labor for a project? - Precise Answer ✔✔Labor burden. A reason for using a lower than usual profit markup for a specific project could be to - Precise Answer ✔✔cover company overhead costs. Which of the following is a TRUE statement about estimating? - Precise Answer ✔✔Both overestimating and underestimating costs could have disastrous consequences. A contractor should do all of the following when estimating a project EXCEPT - Precise Answer ✔✔assume ideal conditions What MUST be included in an estimate for a job? - Precise Answer ✔✔Materials, labor, equipment, and overhead costs. Costs that relate to construction activity but are NOT easily identifiable for a specific project are considered - Precise Answer ✔✔project overhead. All of the following are considered general conditions that could affect costs directly associated with a specific project EXCEPT - Precise Answer ✔✔profit margin

The two basic laws of construction estimating are - Precise Answer ✔✔low estimates decrease profits and high estimates decrease volume. An agreement that calls for a contractor to be paid actual costs for labor and materials plus a fixed fee for the contractor's overhead and profit is called a - Precise Answer ✔✔cost plus contract. Generally, who is responsible for ensuring that a project meets all zoning requirements? - Precise Answer ✔✔Project owner. A bid that does NOT specifiy how long it remains open or in effect is considered to be open for - Precise Answer ✔✔a reasonable amount of time. A contractor is about to sign an agreement with a representative of a corporation. The contractor should - Precise Answer ✔✔verify that the representative has the authority to bind the corporation. What may be covered by an allowance in a contract? - Precise Answer ✔✔Light fixture costs The prime contractor is one who - Precise Answer ✔✔is responsible for the overall construction of the project.

A contractor plans to use materials or methods other than those standard in the industry. The contractor should - Precise Answer ✔✔specifically state this in the agreement. An owner hires a construction manager for a project. Which of the following is TRUE with regard to subcontractors? - Precise Answer ✔✔The subcontractors are prime contractors. The three PRIMARY elements of a contract are - Precise Answer ✔✔offer, acceptance, and consideration. A contract refers to an insurance agreement that the contractor is REQUIRED to have. This is considered - Precise Answer ✔✔part of the contract. What can be determined by summing the project activities into an overall schedule? - Precise Answer ✔✔The total resource demand for a project at any given time. The PRIMARY difference between a project manager and a project superintendent is that the project manager - Precise Answer ✔✔does not directly supervise day-to-day field activities. The BEST business practice for special-ordered materials is to - Precise Answer ✔✔put the order requirements in writing.

An important factor in ensuring that a schedule is followed is to - Precise Answer ✔✔make sure the superintendent agrees with it Which of the following is considered ethical behavior? - Precise Answer ✔✔Failing to disclose one subcontractor's bid to another. All of the following are advantages of good scheduling EXCEPT - Precise Answer ✔✔reduced training costs. What can be used to collect information on labor, materials, equipment, and overhead costs used during the performance of a job? - Precise Answer ✔✔A job cost system. What protects a contractor from risk? - Precise Answer ✔✔Insurance What type of insurance is needed for a partnership to insure that the business does NOT go out of business if one partner dies? - Precise Answer ✔✔Key man What does a comprehensive general liability insurance policy protect a company against? - Precise Answer ✔✔An accident at the job site that damages the neighbor's house. AT LEAST how often should employees watch for possible hazards at the jobsite? - Precise Answer ✔✔Constantly

Medical records of work-related injuries to long-term employees MUST be kept for a MINIMUM of what duration after the employee leaves employment? - Precise Answer ✔✔30 years. Records of an employee's exposure to hazardous materials MUST be kept a MINIMUM of how many years? - Precise Answer ✔✔30 years. What type of material at a construction site may be considered hazardous waste? - Precise Answer ✔✔Cleaning supplies. Approximately how many materials are currently on the EPA hazardous materials list? - Precise Answer ✔✔ 500 At LEAST how often MUST an employer report information on the number of employees and the number of new hires in order to meet the requirements of the Child Support Enforcement Act? - Precise Answer ✔✔Every 2 months Time card records MUST be kept a MINIMUM of - Precise Answer ✔✔4 years Who MUST follow the Fair Labor Standards Act? - Precise Answer ✔✔All employers with at least 1 employee. Which of the following is considered a source document in an accounting system? - Precise Answer ✔✔Time cards.

A company's net worth is equal to - Precise Answer ✔✔owner's equity. Where does the information for a company's financial statement come from? - Precise Answer ✔✔Summary of accounts in the general ledger. What is included in a company's balance sheet? - Precise Answer ✔✔Assets, liabilities, and owner's equity. Losses from the sale of a company asset are considered - Precise Answer ✔✔other expenses. Compensation paid to independent contractors is reported on Form - Precise Answer ✔✔ 1099 What MUST be done with the taxes withheld by an employer between the time that they are withheld and the time that they are sent to the IRS?

• Precise Answer ✔✔The taxes must be held in a separate account and not used for anything else An employee can request to receive advance earned income credit on Form - Precise Answer ✔✔W- An employer who withholds more than $1,000 per month from employees for state taxes MUST pay those taxes at LEAST - Precise Answer ✔✔two times per week.

A contractor uses funds paid by a project owner to purchase materials to start a different project. The laborers for the original project do NOT get paid by the contractor. Under the lien law, this is considered - Precise Answer ✔✔intent to defraud by the contractor. In the previous year, a company had revenues of $500,000, project overhead of $40,000 and company overhead of $75,000. The company expects the percentage for project and company overhead to remain the same for the current year. The company desires to make a 10% profit on a project it is bidding. The project would have $80,000 in direct costs. What should the bid price be? - Precise Answer ✔✔Between $110, and $120,000. A lump sum contract on a project has a total contract price of $160,000. Retainage has been held back at 10%. The contractor has received progress payments for 75% of the project. The contractor submits a request for final payment for the now completed project. The final payment amount should be for - Precise Answer ✔✔more than $50, The owner requests for changes which will cost the contractor $15, in labor and materials and $2,250 in overhead costs. With the change, the contractor would be relieved of $18,000 in labor and materials costs, and $2,400 in overhead costs from the original contract. The original bid included profit of 20% of all costs. The contractor wants to make a profit of 20% of all costs on the changes. The adjusted contract price for the change order should be - Precise Answer ✔✔a decrease of $3,780.

What is the name of the process when a facilitator meets with the major participants in a project, prior to the commencement of the project, to identify the shared goals of all participants? - Precise Answer ✔✔Partnering A cost plus contract calls for the contractor to receive direct costs for labor and materials, and a markup of 20% of direct costs. The contractor is also to receive a bonus of 15% of savings if total cost to the owner is less than $80,000, and a bonus of $1,000 per day if the project is completed early. Final costs for direct labor and materials are $60,000. The project is completed 3 days early. What is the total amount due the contractor? - Precise Answer ✔✔Between $75,001 and $80, A permit is obtained on Friday, May 1. The materials are to be delivered May 8. The materials are needed when labor begins on May 11. It is estimated that 15 days of labor are REQUIRED. The crew will work every day, including weekends and holidays. The project is scheduled to be completed on June 8. How many float days are available for the labor for this project? - Precise Answer ✔✔ 13 Which of the following would typically be covered by a contractor's comprehensive general liability insurance policy? - Precise Answer ✔✔Damage to adjoining property from a crane accident. A contractor puts in a claim under a comprehensive standard general liability policy. The policy has no additional coverage, riders, or floaters, and has a $500 deductible per occurrence. The claim is for a job-site accident that caused $2,000 of injuries to employees, $1,800 of injuries to a pedestrian, $2,300 damage to the contractor's equipment, and $1,

loss of project materials purchased by the contractor. The insurance company is liable for - Precise Answer ✔✔$1,300. An insurer offers the contractor a 20% per year reduction in premiums if the contractor has a defined safety program in place. The insurer's standard rates are $8 per $1,000 of coverage. The contractor has $300,000 in coverage. How much in premiums will the contractor save over a 3-year period by having a defined safety program in place? - Precise Answer ✔✔Between $1,001 and $1,500. Who oversees compliance with Material Safety Data Sheets? - Precise Answer ✔✔OSHA What is the total gross compensation and employment status for a carpenter, given the following information? A contractor hires a carpenter to do the finish work for a 10-home project. The carpenter is to be paid $16 per hour. The contractor provides all materials and equipment, such as a table saw. The carpenter provides all of his own hand tools. The contractor and the carpenter agree that all of the homes are to be completed within 60 8-hour working days, without overtime. The contractor provides the carpenter with a schedule of the order in which homes are to be worked on. The contractor provides a helper to assist the carpenter. The contractor sets the work schedule each day. The carpenter spends 600 hours to complete this project, including 120 hours of overtime. - Precise Answer ✔✔The carpenter is an employee and is owed $10,560 for the project. What is the gross pay of a non-exempt employee who works 45 hours during a holiday week, and receives 8 hours additional pay for the

holiday? The employee earns $12.50 per hour. - Precise Answer ✔✔$693. A contractor pays a workers' compensation rate of $0.08 per $100 of office employee payroll, $0.15 per $100 of field supervisor payroll, and $0.26 per $100 of field employee payroll. Total office employee payroll for the year is $25,000. Total field supervisor payroll is $48,000. Total field employee payroll is $225,000. The contractor receives a discount of 5% of total premiums for having a safety program in place. The total workers' compensation for the year is - Precise Answer ✔✔more than $ A non-exempt employee of a contractor covered by the Fair Labor Standards Act works 60 hours during a workweek. The agreement is to pay the employee $400.00 each week regardless of the numbers of hours worked. What should be the employee's gross pay for this workweek? - Precise Answer ✔✔$700. What is the total project overhead for a project that lasts 3 months and has the following costs? Labor is $4,000; materials are $9,500; equipment rentals are $1,200; superintendent's annual salary is $36,000; office rent is $800 per month; and office utilities are $375 per month. - Precise Answer ✔✔Less than $12,000. What is the total value of current assets for an accrual basis company that has the following? Checking account cash balance is $4,800; materials inventory for work-in-progress is $4,200; a pick-up truck that cost $12,460 - paid for with $2,460 in cash and a note for $10,000 - and is used 100% in the business; accounts receivable is $5,700; suppliers'

accounts payable is $6,300; other accounts payable is $2,200; and quarterly income tax payment due is $1,180. - Precise Answer ✔✔Between $12,000 and $16,000. Where would depreciation of equipment first be entered? - Precise Answer ✔✔General journal. What is the average collection period ratio for a firm that has $365, in annual revenues, $6,600 in current receivables, and net income of $32,000? - Precise Answer ✔✔6. For 1 month a company bills out $38,000 in completed work, and receives $22,000 in payments plus $8,000 from the previous month's billings. They pay their total bill of $26,000 to supply houses for this month's purchases, and another $5,000 to supply houses for last month's purchases. Using a cash accounting method and NOT considering any other revenue or expenses, what is the company's net income for the month? - Precise Answer ✔✔Loss of $1,000. How much state income tax MUST be paid by a corporation that has $30,000 of Federal taxable income? The company deducted $2,000 of state and local taxes on the Federal return, and had $2,000 of qualified worker retraining expenses. The corporation does business ONLY in Virginia. - Precise Answer ✔✔$1, What percent should the employer withhold for Virginia withholding for an employee who is to receive a separate supplemental payment for

vacation? The employer is using a flat percentage rate. - Precise Answer ✔✔5.75% What would be the total amount of Medicare and Social Security taxes that the employer should withhold on the last week of the year from an employee who earns $3,000 per week and has worked for the employer the entire year? - Precise Answer ✔✔$43. How much is an employer who withheld employee Medicare and Social Security taxes or $765 REQUIRED to send to the IRS? - Precise Answer ✔✔$1, What is the MAXIMUM amount of a lien that can be claimed by a subcontractor who notifies the lien agent for a two-family residential property on August 1 that the subcontractor first provided labor and materials on the project on May 1? The subcontractor billed the general contractor for $4,000 per month, through September 30, and was never paid. - Precise Answer ✔✔$8, A simple set of cleat stairs will be installed in a basement. The distance between the basement floor and the first floor is 8 feet. How many treads will be REQUIRED for these stairs? - Precise Answer ✔✔ 13 A set of plans drawn in 1/4 inch = 1 foot scale will show a structure - Precise Answer ✔✔1/48 actual size.

What are batter boards? - Precise Answer ✔✔Stakes and ledger boards marking building lines A building has an area of 3,350 square feet and a roof slope of 3 in 12. The roof is to be covered with composite shingles at three bundles per square which can be purchased only by the whole bundle. To convert from plan area to actual roof area, use the following table: SLOPE MULTIPLY PLAN AREA BY 2 in 12 1.014 / 3 in 12 1.031 / 4 in 12 1.054 / 5 in 12 1.083 / 6 in 12 1.118 / 8 in 12 1.202 / 10 in 12 1.302 / 12 in 12 1.414 How many bundles of shingles are REQUIRED to roof the building? Do NOT make an allowance for waste, hips, valleys or starter courses. - Precise Answer ✔✔Between 100 and 105. Refer to Figure MA0242. If the drawing is rectangular (all corners are 90-degree angles), then the length of line - Precise Answer ✔✔AC equals the length of line DB. A plank measures 3" x 16" and is 24 feet long. How many board feet of lumber are in 26 of these planks? (Round off to the nearest whole number.) - Precise Answer ✔✔2, The following is from the restrictive covenants on a customer's lot. 1. No detached single-family dwelling unit or any part thereof shall be erected nearer than 25 feet to any front lot line or side street lot line. 2. No building shall be erected nearer than 10 feet to any interior side lot line. How close can a home be placed to the front of the lot? - Precise Answer ✔✔25 feet.

The first step that needs to be taken prior to starting any excavation work is - Precise Answer ✔✔contacting the local utility companies. A positive drainage slope away from a house foundation of 5% is equal to a - Precise Answer ✔✔6-inch drop in 10 feet. What is the amount of soil (in cubic yards) that should be removed from a 2' x 300' x 4' building trench excavation? - Precise Answer ✔✔ 89 cubic yards. Before excavating for a new building, subsoil conditions should be determined by - Precise Answer ✔✔conducting test borings. What is the MINIMUM grade fall away from foundation walls? - Precise Answer ✔✔6 inches within the first 10 feet. A 140-foot wide paved area is to be sloped 1/8 inch per foot. The elevation at the highest point is to be 87.2 feet at the center. What is the elevation at the lowest point at the perimeter? - Precise Answer ✔✔86.50 feet. Increasing the slump of concrete - Precise Answer ✔✔increases its wetness. The amount of water per sack of cement is what controls all EXCEPT - Precise Answer ✔✔set up speed

What is the allowable MINIMUM specified compressive strength for concrete in foundations NOT exposed to weather? - Precise Answer ✔✔2,500 psi What is the diameter of number 5 rebar? - Precise Answer ✔✔5/8 inch. Refer to Figure 1004bu. What is the MAXIMUM width for a footing projection (P)? - Precise Answer ✔✔The thickness of the footing. In general, what is the MINIMUM concrete covering for steel reinforcement in a footing? - Precise Answer ✔✔3.0 inches. A concrete block foundation wall that is adequately braced should be cured for a MINIMUM of how much time before backfilling? - Precise Answer ✔✔48 hours. All of the following are benefits of platform construction as compared to balloon construction EXCEPT - Precise Answer ✔✔easier installation of plumbing and wiring. What is the MAXIMUM spacing for double floor joists that are separated to allow installation of piping? - Precise Answer ✔✔4 feet on center.

Wall framing is being constructed one floor at a time. What type of wood framing method is being used? - Precise Answer ✔✔Platform. A jack rafter is face nailed to a hip rafter. The MINIMUM number of 16d common nails that should be used is - Precise Answer ✔✔three. Where is temporary horizontal bracing attached when erecting trusses? - Precise Answer ✔✔Near the ridge line of the truss. A third stairway stringer should be used when the stair width exceeds - Precise Answer ✔✔30 inches What is NOT required in exterior nonbearing walls? - Precise Answer ✔✔Load-bearing headers. A lengthwise grain separation between or through the growth rings of lumber is called a - Precise Answer ✔✔shake How MUST rafters be framed to each other? - Precise Answer ✔✔With a gusset plate. What is the MAXIMUM flame spread index for insulation materials? - Precise Answer ✔✔ 25 Flexible (batts) insulation placed in floor joists above an unheated crawl space should - Precise Answer ✔✔be well supported between joists.

Using which of the following would cause the GREATEST increase in the insulation value when re-siding with aluminum? - Precise Answer ✔✔Perforated reflector foil What is the MAXIMUM distance between a ventilating opening in an under-floor space and each corner of the building? - Precise Answer ✔✔3 feet What is the MAXIMUM dimension of the ventilation coverings for under-floor space? - Precise Answer ✔✔1/4 inch. Attic spaces should - Precise Answer ✔✔be vented for summer heat relief. What is the MINIMUM square footage of net clear opening area for an egress window in a second floor sleeping area? - Precise Answer ✔✔5.70 square feet. How is the hand of a door determined? - Precise Answer ✔✔By the location of the hinges when the door is viewed from the inside. Which window type consists of an upper and a lower sash that slide vertically in the side jambs? - Precise Answer ✔✔Double-hung.

What is the MINIMUM overlap for joints in the polyethylene film moisture barrier applied over the exterior of a below grade foundation wall? - Precise Answer ✔✔6 inches What is the typical exposure of 3-tab asphalt shingles? - Precise Answer ✔✔5 inches. Plastic roof cement should NEVER be applied to the bottom edge of a shingle to seal it - Precise Answer ✔✔because water will become trapped. What is the MINIMUM lap of rabbeted horizontal lap siding? - Precise Answer ✔✔1/2 inch. Nails used to fasten concrete roofing tiles MUST penetrate the deck a MINIMUM of how many inches or through the thickness of the deck, whichever is LESS? - Precise Answer ✔✔3/4 inch. !!! Dampproofing on below-grade masonry foundation walls shall extend from the top of the footing to - Precise Answer ✔✔the finished grade. A MINIMUM of how many fasteners are REQUIRED for clay perimeter roof tiles? - Precise Answer ✔✔One per tile. What is the MINIMUM roof slope REQUIRED for modified bitumen roofing? - Precise Answer ✔✔1/4 inch in 12.

Unless otherwise specified, the standard guideline for spacing contraction joints is to space them in feet - Precise Answer ✔✔2 1/2 times the slab depth in inches The nailing holes in aluminum and vinyl siding are elongated to allow for - Precise Answer ✔✔expansion and contraction. What is the MAXIMUM slope for a ramp? - Precise Answer ✔✔1 unit vertical in 8 units horizontal. Deck stairs should - Precise Answer ✔✔be sloped for drainage. What is the MINIMUM height for a stairway handrail? - Precise Answer ✔✔34 inches. How many inches should there be between a handrail and an adjacent wall? - Precise Answer ✔✔1 1/2 inches In drywall, J-trim is used to - Precise Answer ✔✔provide a finished edge. The MINIMUM length drywall screw for installing 1/2-inch gypsum board to wood studs is - Precise Answer ✔✔1 1/8 inches.

Which of the following is the correct sequence for installing a bifold door? - Precise Answer ✔✔Top track, lower track, insert bottom pivot, insert upper pivot. How many sheets of 4' x 8' x 1/2" drywall are needed for a room 10' x 15' with an 8-foot ceiling? - Precise Answer ✔✔18 sheets. What is the MAXIMUM recommended spacing for 5/8-inch drywall installed on a wall at right angles to framing members? - Precise Answer ✔✔24 inches The MINIMUM distance from the bottom of the ceiling framing to the top of the ceiling grid system in suspended ceilings should be - Precise Answer ✔✔3 inches. !!!! Exterior brick surfaces which are painted will generally REQUIRE repainting every - Precise Answer ✔✔3 to 5 years. Ties for a block wall used with wood framing should be placed at one tie for a MAXIMUM of every - Precise Answer ✔✔2 2/3 square feet. The REQUIREMENT for the thickness of masonry unit bed joints for the second course shall be - Precise Answer ✔✔not less than a 1/4 inch and not more than 1/2 inch. !!!

What is the MAXIMUM spacing for masonry veneer to supporting wall anchors in non-seismic locales? - Precise Answer ✔✔24 inches on center horizontally and shall support not more than 2.67 square feet of wall area !!!! Suction outlets for a swimming pool MUST be separated by a MINIMUM of - Precise Answer ✔✔3 feet Refer to the Country House Plan Set. Assuming 112.5 concrete block units per 100 square feet of wall area, approximately how many concrete block units (including the header blocks) will be REQUIRED for the stem wall between the two bay areas on the north side of the house? - Precise Answer ✔✔128 blocks. Refer to the Country House Plan Set. How many cubic yards of concrete will be REQUIRED to pour the slab of the garage? - Precise Answer ✔✔6.17 cubic yards Refer to the Country House Plan Set. If it costs $0.45 per cubic foot to finish floor slabs, how much will it cost to finish the floor of the garage when it is poured? - Precise Answer ✔✔$225.00 Refer to the Country House Plan Set. If carpet costs $18.00 per square yard and ceramic tile costs $8.00 per square foot, what is the cost difference to change from carpet to ceramic tile at the second floor office? - Precise Answer ✔✔$1,161.84