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These are the notes of control and coordination of class 10 biology covering all the important topics of chapter...
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Control and coordination is the system by which all activities of the body are regulated and work together properly. In humans, it is done by: Nervous system Endocrine (hormonal) system
Function It controls and coordinates body activities using electrical signals. Main Parts Part Function Brain Controls thinking, memory, actions Spinal cord Reflex actions, connects brain to body Nerves Carry messages
Neuron – The structural and functional unit of nervous system. Parts of Neuron Part Function Dendrites Receive message Cell body Processes message Axon Sends message
Reflex action is a quick, automatic response to a stimulus. Example Touching a hot pan → hand moves back quickly.
Reflex Arc Path followed by nerve impulse during reflex: Receptor → Sensory neuron → Spinal cord → Motor neuron → Effector Brain Parts of Brain Part Function Cerebrum Thinking, memory, voluntary actions Cerebellum Balance, posture Medulla Controls breathing, heartbeat Endocrine System Endocrine system controls activities using hormones. Hormone A chemical messenger secreted by glands into blood. Major Endocrine Glands Gland Hormone Function Pituitary Growth hormone Controls growth Thyroid Thyroxine Controls metabolism Adrenal Adrenaline Fight or flight Pancreas Insulin Controls blood sugar Testes Testosterone Male characters Ovaries Estrogen Female characters
Hormonal system for long-term control