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Control of Cardiac Function: Autoregulation and Autonomic Nervous System's Role - Prof. Co, Study notes of Biology

Colorado State University (CSU)Biology
Prof. Connie Vader

The mechanisms of cardiac function control, focusing on autoregulation through the length-force relationship and starling's law. Additionally, it delves into the role of the autonomic nervous system, specifically the parasympathetic and sympathetic branches, in regulating cardiac output. The effects of neurotransmitters acetylcholine and norepinephrine on the heart, including changes in heart rate, action potential, and intracellular calcium stores.

Typology: Study notes

2011/2012

Uploaded on 04/13/2012

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mardiguian26149 🇺🇸

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3 April
Control of Cardiac Function
Autoregulation
Length force relationship
Starling’s law
Regulation of Cardiac Output
CO ml/min = HR beats/min x SV ml/beat
Applies under rest and repose conditions
Autonomic Nervous
Parasympathetic branch
Innervation
SA node – right vagus
AV node – left vagus
Atria only
Neurotransmitter: acetylcholine
↑ K+ permeability (SA node)
↓ membrane potential (hyperpolarized)
↓ slope of prepotential
Takes longer to reach threshold: ↓HR
Rest and repose: vagal tone
Intrinsic rate (SA node)
Rest and repose: ↑ PANS
Suppresses heart rate by 20 – 30 bpm
Sympathetic branch
pf2

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3 April Control of Cardiac Function Autoregulation Length force relationship Starling’s law Regulation of Cardiac Output CO ml/min = HR beats/min x SV ml/beat Applies under rest and repose conditions Autonomic Nervous Parasympathetic branch Innervation SA node – right vagus AV node – left vagus Atria only Neurotransmitter: acetylcholine ↑ K+^ permeability (SA node) ↓ membrane potential (hyperpolarized) ↓ slope of prepotential Takes longer to reach threshold: ↓HR Rest and repose: vagal tone Intrinsic rate (SA node) Rest and repose: ↑ PANS Suppresses heart rate by 20 – 30 bpm Sympathetic branch

Innervation SA node AV node Atria Ventricles Neurotransmitter: norepinephrine ↑ Ca2+^ permeability (SA node) ↑ slope of prepotential Reaches threshold faster: ↑ HR Effect of SANS on action potential Shortens plateau phase and QT interval Effect of SANS on ventricular muscle ↑ intracellular Ca2+^ stores More rapid and forceful contractions ↑ ejection fraction ↑ rate of reuptake of Ca2+^ by SR after contraction Sympathetic Branch Fight or flight SANS → ↑ HR (SA node) SANS → ↑ ejection fraction → ↑ force of contraction or ↑ stroke volume (ventricles) Compensates for reduced filling time seen with ↑ HR