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CONTROL SYSTEMS ENGINEERING BY
NORMAN S NISE CERTIFICATION ASSESSMENT
2026 VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+
โ What is setpoint tracking? Answer: The technique of storing the process variable in a setpoint memory module while the controller is in manual. โ What is lag time? Answer: The period of time that occurs between the time a change is made to a process and the time the first response to that change is detected. โ What is offset? Answer: A steady-state error that is a permanent part of a system. โ Do all controllers require a setpoint to provide a control function? Answer: Yes. โ What is a closed loop? Answer: A control system that provides feedback to a controller on the state of a process variable.
โ What is bumpless transfer? Answer: A controller function included so that there is no sudden change in output value when a controller is switched from automatic to manual mode or back again. โ What is a load change? Answer: An uncontrolled change in the process operating conditions that changes the PV and must be compensated for by a change in the CV. โ What is error in a control system? Answer: The difference between a process variable and a setpoint. โ What is a cascade control system? Answer: A control system with multiple loops where a primary variable is controlled by changing the setpoint of a related secondary controller. โ What is derivative (D) control strategy? Answer: A method of changing the output of a controller in proportion to the rate of change of the process variable. โ What is overshoot?
โ What is ratio control used for? Answer: Proportioning the flow rates of reactants feeding into a reactor. โ In cascade control, which controller must respond more rapidly? Answer: The secondary controller. โ In cascade control, what is always controlled by the secondary controller? Answer: The final control element โ What are the two controllers found in cascade control? Answer: Primary and secondary โ What is split-range control? Answer: A control scheme in which the control signal is divided into several parts โ What does the term 'ratio' mean in process control? Answer: The proportion between the rates of flow of two separate flowing streams entering a mixing point
โ What type of control involves the output of one controller being the set point of another? Answer: Cascade control โ What is remote manual control? Answer: Controlling a valve manually from a remote location, such as a control room โ What is the purpose of feedforward control? Answer: To prevent or minimize error from occurring in the first place โ What type of control is used when cycling above and below the set point is considered acceptable? Answer: On/Off control โ Which controller term is synonymous with gain? Answer: Proportional โ Which controller term is synonymous with rate? Answer: Derivative โ What is offset in a control system?
โ What is scan speed in a digital controller? Answer: The time it takes to access all I/O points and go through a configuration program โ What does DCS stand for? Answer: Distributed Control System โ Is an operator interface also called an HMI? Answer: Yes, it stands for Human Machine Interface โ What is an operator interface? Answer: A view into a digital control system through which an operator can observe and control a process โ What is the definition of on/off control? Answer: A controller that simply drives the manipulated variable from fully closed to fully open โ What is the definition of cascade control? Answer: A control strategy where the output of one controller is the remote set point of another โ What is the definition of process equilibrium?
Answer: A balance of material and energy within a given system or process; also referred to as steady state โ What is the definition of dead time? Answer: A measure of elapsed time between two events, states, or processes โ What is the definition of cycling? Answer: The moving of a process variable above and/or below the set point โ What is the definition of lag time? Answer: Elapsed time between the initiation of an input and the initial point at which the resulting response starts to change โ What is a series of discontinuous ON/OFF signals transmitted electrically? Answer: digital data โ What type of data is a continuous range of values from a minimum to a maximum related to a transmission signal range? Answer: Analog
โ What is a group of low-level DC voltage pulses used to convey information? Answer: digital signal โ In binary, what are 0 and 1 usually called? Answer: false and true states โ Is a byte the minimum number of bits needed to represent a single decimal number? Answer: False โ What is a grouping of eight bits called? Answer: byte โ Is a nibble a group of eight bits? Answer: False โ What is a set of rules that determines the format and transmission method of data transmission? Answer: protocol โ What is a pair of twisted wires with no electromagnetic shielding called?
Answer: unshielded twisted pair โ What is a network topology in which devices are connected in series? Answer: ring network โ What is a unique number assigned to each device on a network? Answer: network address โ What is a data transmission path where digital signals are dropped off or picked up at each point where a device is attached to wires? Answer: bus โ In optical fiber communications, what are digital electronic communications converted to? Answer: a solid-state laser light-transmitted signal โ What does a properly balanced unshielded twisted pair provide significant immunity to? Answer: electromagnetic interference (EMI) โ Why is allowable loop impedance important?
โ Which type of proximity sensor functions by generating a pulse of sound waves? Answer: Ultrasonic โ What is the area close to an ultrasonic proximity sensor where a target cannot be detected called? Answer: Dead zone โ
