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Cooling Tower Technician Certification
- What is the term for the difference between the hot water inlet temperature and the cold water outlet temperature of a cooling tower? A) Approach B) Drift C) Range D) Blow-down _Rationale: “Range” is defined as inlet minus outlet water_* temperature. Sanfoundry+2Studocu+
- The difference between the cold-water outlet temperature and the ambient wet-bulb temperature is called the: A) Range B) Drift C) Effectiveness D) Approach _Rationale: “Approach” = cold-water outlet temperature minus_* wet bulb of air. beeindia.gov.in+
- The effectiveness of a cooling tower is commonly expressed as: A) Range / Approach B) Approach / (Range + Approach) C) Range / (Range + Approach) D) (Range + Approach) / Range _Rationale: Many sources define effectiveness = Range ÷ (Range_* + Approach). Sanfoundry+
- The lowest theoretical temperature a cooling tower can cool water towards is the ambient: A) Dry-bulb temperature B) Dew-point temperature C) Wet-bulb temperature D) None of the above _Rationale: The wet-bulb sets the limit for evaporative cooling in_* wet towers. Testbook+
- Which of the following is a mechanical draft cooling tower type where the fan is located at the discharge? A) Natural draft B) Forced draft C) Induced draft D) None of the above _Rationale: Induced draft refers to a fan drawing air up and out_* the top. Studocu+
- In a cooling tower, L/G ratio refers to: A) Length / Girth B) Liquid volume / Gas volume C) Water mass flow rate / Air mass flow rate D) Air flow / Water flow _Rationale: Commonly defined as water (liquid) mass flow_* divided by air (gas) mass flow. Sanfoundry+
- Which fill type is more energy efficient for cooling towers using seawater? A) Splash fill B) Film fill C) Low-clog film fill D) None of the above
- In cooling tower parlance, “make-up” water refers to: A) Water added to maintain dissolved solids B) Water purged to control concentration C) Water added to replace losses (evaporation, drift, blow-down) D) None of the above _Rationale: Make-up is the fresh water needed to replace all_* losses. Studocu
- The cycles of concentration (C.O.C) in a cooling tower refers to the ratio of: A) Makeup water / Blow-down water B) Dissolved solids in circulating water / Dissolved solids in make-up water C) Water flow / Air flow D) None of the above _Rationale: C.O.C is a way to express dissolved solids_* concentration buildup. powerplantandcalculations.com
- If a cooling tower’s hot-water inlet temperature is 37 °C and cold-water outlet is 31 °C, then the range is: A) 6 °C B) 6 °C C) 68 °C D) 0 °C _Rationale: Range = inlet minus outlet = 37-31 = 6 °C._*
- If the cold-water outlet temperature is 28 °C and the ambient wet-bulb temperature is 24 °C, the approach is: A) 2 °C B) 4 °C C) 0 °C
D) 8 °C
_Rationale: Approach = outlet minus wet-bulb = 28- 24 = 4 °C._*
- Which component in a cooling tower is designed to reduce the water droplets carried out by the exhaust air? A) Fill B) Louvers C) Drift eliminator D) Basin _Rationale: Drift eliminators capture droplets in the air stream._* Wikipedia
- The term “bleed-off” (or blow-down) refers to: A) Water that evaporates B) Water lost in drift C) Water purposely removed to limit dissolved solids concentration D) None of the above _Rationale: Blow-down removes circulating water to maintain_* water chemistry balance. powerplantandcalculations.com
- Which of the following heat transfer mechanisms occur in an evaporative cooling tower? A) Convection only B) Conduction only C) Sensible + Latent heat transfer (evaporation + convection) D) Radiation only _Rationale: Cooling towers reject heat via water/air contact_* (sensible) and evaporation (latent). Studocu
- In designing a cooling tower, which ambient temperature metric is most critical? A) Ambient dry-bulb temperature
D) 5%
_Rationale: One reference states hold-up volume is about 25% of circulating flow._* powerplantandcalculations.com
- Which of the following is not a typical loss in a cooling tower system? A) Evaporation loss B) Conduction loss C) Drift loss D) Blow-down loss _Rationale: Conduction loss (heat through structure) is not_* commonly listed as a primary loss term in tower water balance. Studocu
- Which of the following best describes a forced draft cooling tower? A) No fans at all B) Fan located at discharge C) Fan at the intake pushes air through the tower D) Natural convection only _Rationale: Forced draft uses blower to push air in from the_* side/intake. Wikipedia
- For a cooling tower in good operation, a small approach indicates: A) Poor performance B) Good performance C) Need to add more air D) None of the above _Rationale: Because cold-water outlet is close to the wet-bulb,_* meaning effective cooling. Scribd
- Which of the following statements is true regarding natural draft vs mechanical draft cooling towers? A) Natural draft are smaller for same capacity B) Mechanical draft do not use fans C) Mechanical draft towers are smaller for the same capacity compared to natural draft ones D) None of the above _Rationale: Mechanical draft uses fans thus less height and_* volume for same capacity compared to natural draft. Sanfoundry
- What is the typical empirical formula for evaporation loss in a cooling tower? A) Circulation rate × range × 0. B) Circulation rate × range × 0.00085 × 1. C) Circulation rate × range × 0.00085 × 1. D) Circulation rate × range × 0. _Rationale: One source gives the evaporation loss formula:_* 0.00085 × 1.8 × flow × range. powerplantandcalculations.com
- If the circulation water flow is 6400 m³/hr and range is 8 °C, an evaporation loss calculated by that formula was about 78 m³/hr. The percentage loss is about: A) 0.12% B) 1.22% C) 1.22% D) 12% _Rationale: Example calculation gives 1.22% evaporation loss._* powerplantandcalculations.com
- Which material for fill is advantageous for high thermal performance in a cooling tower?
A) Dry-bulb temperature only B) Fill material only C) Ambient wet-bulb temperature and tower design/air-water contact D) Pump size only _Rationale: The wet-bulb sets the physical limit; design affects how close you get to it._* Studocu
- Which of the following is not a type of heat rejection configuration for cooling towers? A) Wet open circuit B) Closed-circuit (fluid cooler) C) Adiabatic pre-cooled D) Dry-bulb only tower _Rationale: Dry-bulb only is not a standard classification;_* dry-cooling uses dry-bulb but not “dry-bulb only tower”. Wikipedia
- What is the main function of louvers in a cooling tower? A) Prevent drift B) Support fill C) Control air inlet distribution and reduce recirculation D) Specify water flow _*Rationale: Louvers help direct air and prevent re-entrainment. _
- Which of the following statements is true regarding recirculation in a cooling tower? A) Helps improve performance B) Has no effect C) Can degrade performance by increasing entering wet-bulb temperature and reducing cooling effectiveness D) None of the above
_Rationale: Recirculation causes warmer air to re-enter tower, reducing actual wet-bulb and performance._* Studocu
- The concentration of dissolved solids in the circulating water must be controlled because: A) It improves fan performance B) High dissolved solids lead to corrosion, scaling, and fouling C) It reduces drift only D) None of the above _*Rationale: Scaling and corrosion are consequences of high solids concentration. _
- When shutting down a cooling tower for the season, one of the recommended steps is to: A) Leave water standing B) Drain all water from system (dry lay-up) C) Run fans continuously D) None of the above _Rationale: Seasonal shutdown guidance recommends draining_* to prevent Legionella growth and freezing. SiteCompli
- Which organization standardizes thermal certification of cooling towers such as by its standard STD-201? A) ASHRAE B) Cooling Technology Institute (CTI) C) OSHA D) EPA _Rationale: CTI STD-201 covers thermal certification program for_* cooling towers. Scribd+
- According to CTI STD-201, the thermal certification applies to equipment such as: A) Boilers
C) Glass reinforced plastic (GRP) or fibre reinforced plastic (FRP) D) None of the above _Rationale: FRP/GRP blades are lighter, less starting torque, longer life._* Scribd
- The term “wet cooling tower” refers to a tower that: A) Uses no water B) Uses only dry-cooling fins C) Uses evaporation of water to reject heat D) None of the above _Rationale: Wet cooling tower operates by evaporation of a_* portion of the water stream. Wikipedia
- If a cooling tower has approach of 4 °C and range of 6 °C, its effectiveness is: A) 40% B) 60% C) 75% D) 50% _Rationale: Effectiveness = Range ÷ (Range + Approach) = 6 ÷_* (6+4) = 0.6 = 60%.
- For a given water flow, increasing the ambient wet-bulb temperature will result in: A) Lower approach B) Higher approach C) No change in approach D) Lower range _Rationale: Higher wet-bulb means colder water is further from_* ambient wet-bulb, increasing approach.
- Which of the following is an advantage of induced draft over forced draft cooling towers?
A) Simpler structure B) Lower likelihood of recirculation due to discharge fan location C) No fan required D) None of the above _Rationale: Induced draft fan at top draws air up, reducing chances of re-entraining warm discharge air._* Studocu
- Fill material in a cooling tower is primarily used to: A) Support the fan B) Increase the contact surface/time between water and air C) Reduce basin size D) Reduce blow-down _Rationale: Fill improves heat transfer by spreading water and_* increasing contact with air. Scribd
- Oversizing the fan relative to design in a cooling tower may cause: A) Better performance always B) Excess drift, increased power usage, possible recirculation issues C) No impact D) Lower evaporation _Rationale: Excessive airspeed can cause water carry-out, higher_* drift, and may upset performance.
- The purpose of a basin first-flush diverter in a cooling tower is to: A) Reduce fill B) Increase drift C) Divert initial dirty water and debris from entering circulating water D) None of the above
- The phrase “zero blow-down” in a cooling tower system implies: A) No evaporation loss B) No or minimal blow-down by advanced treatment allowing higher cycles of concentration C) No drift loss D) None of the above _Rationale: Zero blow-down is a strategy to reduce blow-down_* by other means (e.g., treatment). Wikipedia
- Which of the following factors does not directly influence the size of a cooling tower? A) Heat load (kW or BTU/h) B) Range (ΔT) C) Approach D) Brand of fan motor _Rationale: Brand of fan motor is not a design parameter; heat_* load/range/approach are. Studocu
- Cooling tower drift eliminators are typically located: A) At the water basin B) Upstream of the exhaust air to capture droplets before leaving C) In the fan motor D) None of the above _Rationale: Drift eliminator placement is to capture droplets in_* air path before discharge.
- The “fill” may consist of which of the following configurations? A) Splash fill B) Film fill
C) Low-clog film fill D) All of the above _Rationale: Fill types include splash, film, low-clog variants._* Scribd
- A cooling tower located near heat sources or recirculating warm air may underperform because: A) Increased water flow B) Higher entering wet-bulb or air temperature due to recirculation C) Decreased fan speed D) None of the above _Rationale: Recirculated air increases air temperatures, reducing_* cooling capability. Studocu
- If a cooling tower cold-water outlet is 25 °C and wet-bulb ambient is 23 °C, what is the approach? A) 1 °C B) 2 °C C) 3 °C D) 5 °C _Rationale: Approach = 25-23 = 2 °C._*
- Which of the following best reflects a good cooling tower condition? A) High approach, low range B) Low approach, adequate range C) Low range only D) None of the above _Rationale: Low approach means water is close to wet-bulb,_* showing effective cooling.
D) None of the above _Rationale: Large power plants often use natural draft towers with tall chimneys._* Wikipedia
- In water treatment for cooling towers, biocides are used primarily to control: A) Corrosion B) Scaling C) Microbial (Legionella, bacteria) growth D) Air flow _Rationale: Biocides are for microbial control, especially_* Legionella risk.
- One of the first steps in commissioning a cooling tower is: A) Increase drift eliminators B) Check water distribution (nozzles, fill, basin) C) Replace the fan D) None of the above _Rationale: Proper water distribution ensures fill is uniformly_* wetted and performance is correct.
- If a cooling tower design states a “best guarantee approach of 2.8 °C”, this implies: A) Cold water 2.8 °C above dry-bulb B) Cold water 2.8 °C above wet-bulb C) Cold water 2.8 °C above ambient wet-bulb temperature D) None of the above _Rationale: Approach relates to cold-water minus wet-bulb_* temperature. Scribd
- What is the likely consequence if drift eliminators are damaged or missing? A) Reduced fan power
B) Increased water carry-out (drift), higher water loss and potential environmental issues C) Lower evaporation loss D) None of the above _Rationale: Without drift eliminators, more water droplets escape with the exhaust air._*
- Which parameter is most affected by fill blockage or fouling? A) Fan size B) Range and approach worsen (i.e., less cooling) C) Makeup water flow only D) None of the above _Rationale: Fouled fill reduces air-water contact, reducing heat_* transfer and increasing approach.
- The ratio of dissolved solids measured by conductivity in circulating water vs make-up water gives: A) Drift ratio B) Range C) Cycles of concentration (approximate) D) None of the above _Rationale: Conductivity ratio approximates cycles of_* concentration. powerplantandcalculations.com
- Which of the following is a sign of poor cooling tower performance? A) Approach of 1 °C B) Cold-water outlet much higher than expected for given wet-bulb C) Range high and approach low D) None of the above
