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Court Officer Academy Study Guide
Shield - answer Another name for a badge PL Article 35 - answer Defense Justification What is Reasonable Force - answer Force which is reasonable & any prudent person with same knowledge of situation would deem necessary - The minimum amount of force necessary to gain voluntary compliance What is the standard of proof in criminal court - answer Beyond a reasonable doubt Criminal Defense Representation โ answer NY Public Officers Law 19 - reasonable attnys fees Civil Defense Representation - answerNY Public Officers Law 17 & 18 - indemnification Who represents COs in Civil Matters - answer Attorney General What is Physical Force - answerAny force used other than deadly physical force to gain compliance Define Deadly Physical Force - answerForce at which under circumstances it's used is capable of causing death or serious injury Acronym SERVICE - answerSelf awareness Energy Responsibility Values Integrity Commitment Empathy Acronym HEAT - answerHear them out Empathize Ask/answer questions Take responsibly for assisting 2 reasons when to use deadly physical Force - answer1. Last resort - absolutely necessary
- Life threatening
5 levels of listening - answerNot Pretend Selective Alternative Empathetic MR MRS - answerANYONE can use deadly physical force to ARREST or PREVENT: Murder Robbery Manslaughter Rape (forcibly) Sexual act BAKE - answerOFFICERS use deadly physical force to ARREST or PREVENT committed or attempted imminent risk: Burglary 1st Arson Kidnapping Escape 1st DR BARKS - answerANYONE can use deadly physical force to PREVENT or TERMINATE: Deadly physical force Robbery Burglary Arson Rape (forcibly) Kidnapping Sexual act Acronym FURHOOD - answerFighting Unreasonable noise Refusal to comply with lawful order Hazardous/physically offensive condition Obscene gestures /language in public Obstruction of pedestrian/vehicular traffic Disturbing lawful assembly/meeting Levels of the Force continuum - answerOfficer presence Verbal Dialogue / Direct Physical Force Soft / Hard hands Intermediate weapons OC/baton
McMorris v Alioto - answerCourt ruled infringement on4th amendment rights against unreasonable search & seizures What is a Consent Search - answerSubject allows search and they can terminate search at any time until contraband is found Who can bypass the magnetometer - answerCourt personnel w/valid id Law enforcement on duty Attorneys with secured pass Agency employees with secured pass Positive scan at the magnetometer steps - answerPerson to pass through 2 times Scan with wand at the positive scan areas only COs can give legal - answerInformation COs cannot give legal - answerAdvice What is Decorum - answerEtiquette, orderliness, good taste in conduct and appearance PL 240.20 Disorderly conduct covers what acronym - answerFURHOOD CPL 140.25 - answerPowers to make arrest without a warrant Main reason to use magnetometer - answerTo deter weapons What is the authorized on duty service weapon - answerGlock 19 pistol 9mm semi-automatic double action/safe action Authorized ammunition - answer9mm Luger 147 grain subsonic jacketed hollow point Reliable manufactures of ammunition - answerWinchester Federal Remington Speer List safeties of a glock 19 - answer3 internal safeties: Trigger Safety Drop Safety Firing Pin Safety List safeties of a revolver - answerRebound slide Hammer block
Disadvantages of Revolver v. Glock - answerHolds less ammo More difficult to load/unload Field stripped glock parts - answerFrame/Receiver Recoil Spring Assembly Barrel Slide Magazine What are the fundamentals of shooting - answerStance Grip Trigger control Sight alignment Breathing What are the MOST important fundamentals of shooting - answerTrigger control Sight Alignment Functioning sequence / cycling sequence of firearm - answerFiring Unlocking Extracting Ejecting Feeding Locked in battery Slide locked open when empty Hot Line concept - answerFirearm must be loaded and ready to go at all times What are the loading techniques - answerAdministrative Combat Tactical Method of Loading a magazine in holster - answerPush Pull Sweep When is Combat Loading performed - answerPerformed out of necessity When is Tactical Loading performed - answerPerformed out of circumstance What is Primary Action - answerPhase I stoppage Describe clearing Phase I (Primary Action) stoppage - answerTap Rack Ready
Deputy chief Assistant chief Assistant deputy chief Major Captain Lieutenant Sergeant Sr court officer Court officer Court officer trainee PL 35.15 - answerAny violation or crime (misdemeanor, or felony) What is an Offense - answerAny violation, misdemeanor, or felony What is a Crime - answerMisdemeanor or felony Sentence for violations - answerUp to 15 days Sentence for misdemeanors - answer15 days up to 1 year Sentence for felonies - answerOver 1 year What is Criminal Procedure Law (CPL) - answerThe vehicle used to enforce and prosecute offenses What is Penal Law (PL) - answerDescribes crimes and their punishments Define Arrest - answerTaking a person into custody to answer for an offense What is needed to make an arrest - answerMust have Probable Cause for an arrest Probable Cause (in NY) - answerOtherwise known as Reasonable Cause What offenses are appearances tickets NOT issued for - answerClass A, B, C, D Felonies What offenses ARE appearance tickets issued for - answerClass E Felonies & Misdemeanors Criminal cases are titled as - answerPeople v. Defendant / offender What is R.O.R - answerReleased on own recognizance Complainant - answerPlaintiff in legal action; aggrieved party in criminal act
What needs to be done before questioning of a crime when an arrest has been made - answerMiranda rights must be issued before answering any questions about the particular crime Where are fingerprints sent - answerNYS Dept of Criminal Justice (DCJS) & FBI What is the Geographical Location - answerNew York State Define "in Presence" - answerRefers to criminal act detected in the presence of an officer by one of 5 senses Who constitutes a Juvenile Delinquent - answerPerson between ages 7-15 alleged to commit an adult crime and charged as a minor Who constitutes a Juvenile Defender - answerPersons between ages 13, 14, or 15 alleged to commit more serious acts and charged as an adult Who must be informed and present during reading of Miranda rights in a JD crime - answerThe juvenile and the guardian What are the 4 levels of Police Intrusion - answerBasic questioning Common law right of inquiry Stop, detain, and frisk Arrest with probable cause Define a "Private Person" - answerRefers to a citizen who contacts a government agency about a crime What is Custodial Interrogation - answerWhen a subject has been detained and their freedom as been restrained and they are no longer able to leave 4th amendment - answerPrevention of unlawful search and seizure 5th amendment - answerRight to remain silent and decline answering to prevent self- incrimination 6th amendment - answerRight to an attorney to be present during questioning 3 basic steps to an arrest - answerSpeed Simplicity Surprise What are the 4 elements of an arrest - answerIntent Authority
Acronym SAFER - answerSecurity Attack Flight Excessive repetition Revised priorities When to use SAFER - answerWhen moving beyond words/ words no longer work Tactical style 8 step (verbal judo) - answerGreeting ID self Reason for stop Ask for justification D/L - Request identification Request additional information Decision Closing Hard style 5 step (verbal judo) - answerAsk (ethical) Set context (reasonable) Options (personal) Confirm (practical) Act (disengage or escalate) What does a badge signify - answerSignifies Public Trust What crimes can Local Courts not hear - answerFelonies which will be sent to Grand Jury Number of jurors in Criminal Court Proceedings - answer12 persons Number of jurors in Civil Court Proceedings - answer6 persons up to 2 alternates Number of Jurors needed for verdict in Civil Court proceedings - answer5 out of 6 jurors in agreement Number of jurors in Grand Jury - answer16-23 persons Majority vote rules (ex: 12/23 votes) - answerWhat is needed for conviction from a Grand Jury What is Resisting Arrest - answerPL 205. Refusing to physically comply during an arrest What stance should be taken when dealing with the public - answerInterview Stance
UF-100 - answerAided Report UF-101 - answerUnusual Occurrence Report List 3 indicators of an EDP - answerVerbal cues Behavioral cues Environmental cues What is an EDP - answerEmotionally Disturbed Persons What are the characteristics of mental illness - answerMood Thinking Perception What is the goal of Law Enforcement - answerTo generate voluntary compliance Miranda v. Arizona - answer5th Amendment right against self-incrimination requires suspects be advised of their right to remain silent and right to an attorney when they are interrogated about a crime while in custody What is Capsaicin in OC - answerIt is the HOT agent What is a commitment - answerAn order signed by a Judge directing person be detained; aka securing order What is a HOLD - answerTerm used by DOCs and Courts to indicate that prisoner is wanted by another authority for another sentence What precautions are in place for a court room visit - answerJudge MUST be present Individuals are under supervision at ALL times Physical barrier must be present No contact between prisoner and visitor No exchanges of anything take place Does the Force Continuum need to be followed from step one - answerNo Force Continuum can be entered at any step/level What is the proper "Front sight" hold on firearm - answerHolster side arm locked from shoulder to wrist, non-holster arm supporting weapon and elbow slightly bent What is the process of clearing a firearm - answerRemove ammunition Rack slide minimum 3 times Lock slide back Visually & physically inspect magazine well and chamber
Tenn v. Garner - answerDefines that deadly physical force can not be used on an unarmed fleeing subject What is Impanelling - answerThe act of selecting a jury Reasons for stretching - answerReduce injuries Increase blood flow to reduce soreness Increase flexibility Terry v. Ohio - answerFederal Level allows officers to stop, question, and frisk What is the R&P Manual - answerDefines how a CO conducts themselves; responsibilities, and defines authorized uniforms and equipment Designee or Chief Administrative Judge - answerPerson who makes decision to evacuate Court buildings CPL 2.20 - answerGives COs powers as a peace officer How many Judicial Departments - answer How many Judicial Districts - answer Authorized hand cuffs - answerSmith & Wesson Proper searching technique - answerKneading motion Can COs make arrests outside the Courts - answerYes, arrests can be made outside the Courts Hand cuffing priority - answerOfficer safety Hand cuff Weapon search When challenged by an officer - answerRespond - police don't shoot Don't make any sudden movement Listen to direction and comply with all directives Develop dialogue Safely identify yourself by ID What is an Arraignment - answer1st appearance in court after arrest What is the universal challenge - answerPolice don't move 3-5-7-10-15 - answerWhat are the range distances of fire
