Covert Surveillance Device Project: Building a Motion-Detected Soda Can Camera, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

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Eric McCay ECE 395 Fall 2005

Covert

Cola

Project Abstract The goal of this project was to create a covert surveillance device that could be used in an urban setting without attracting attention. To this end the intended packaging was an ordinary 12-ounce soda can. Initially, my goal was to have a miniature camera extend from the can to conduct surveillance and then retract to prevent being detected when motion was detected in the vicinity. Due to servo problems, I changed the project goal to have the camera aimed out of a small hole in the can, the camera only being powered on when motion was detected. This achieved a better goal of conducting surveillance only when there is something interesting to watch and conserving power, as the camera is only powered on when motion is detected. I chose a generic miniature wireless camera to conduct the surveillance. This camera had the advantages of being small, lightweight, and inexpensive. The motion detector I utilized was a Slimline Pet Immune PIR Motion Detector - K9-40. This detector was supposed to ignore motion from small objects, such as animals, making it a better candidate to conduct surveillance on people. I used a Microchip PIC 16F877 as the controller.

Operating Instructions:

First, the camera receive must be connected. Plugging in its AC adapter and connecting the RCA cables to a television accomplish this. Only the video cable (yellow) is required, as sound was not a concern. The camera does have a microphone, so audio could be utilized if desired. Next, install a 9V battery in the camera package to provide power. Move in front of the motion detector to activate the circuit, and then adjust the tuner dial on the receiver, as necessary, to achieve the best possible signal from the camera. After this the camera package can be placed in the desired location to conduct surveillance.

Project Images:

Camera

Circuit

Complete Package

Circuit Details:

The circuit was built on a tiny breadboard available from the ECE Store, which was necessary to fit in the package. There is a 5V supply rail (for the PIC and FOX F1100E Oscillator) and a 9V supply rail for the camera and the motion detector. Here is the diagram for the 5V supply: There are connections to power and ground for each of the components. The output of the oscillator is fed into the PIC. The Motion Detector signaled motion by opening a normally closed connection. A wire was connected from one end of this connection to power, and from the other end of the connection to an input on the PIC (RD2, pin 21). Pin 21 would normally be high, but when motion is detected, the connection in the detector is broken, and pin 21 would be opened and no longer high. When this was sensed the camera would turn on an output (RC5, pin 24) that was normally low. This output was used to drive a transistor, which acted as a switch for power to the camera. After no motion is detected for two minutes (pin 21 stays high for two minutes) the output to the transistor (pin 24) is sent low again, turning the power to the camera back off.

PIC Programming:

I programmed the PIC using a device I purchased myself. The programmer is a PG2C Serial Programmer made by Olimex. The cost was only about $12 on E-bay, and the software that I utilized was IC-Prog, which works with the programmer and is freely available. The coding was done using MPLAB IDE, the IDE made by Microchip, which is also free. The programmer comes fully assembled and tested, and uses a ZIF socket for easier programming. The programmer and the software support many types of PICs, and the entire setup is easy to use.

Source Code:

title "Covert Cola Source Code - Software to control all the electronics necessary to have a surveillance device in a soda can" #define _version "1.00" ; ; Update History; ; ; Version 1.00 - First attempt ; ; The items that this software are to do is to pan a small wireless camera 90 degrees during a reasonable time period ; by controlling a servo. This will also be monitoring a motion detector. When motion is detected, the camera will ; be lowered by operating another servo, and power will be cut to the camera and both servos. There will be a one ; minute wait, and as long as another motion signal is not sensed during this time, the camera will be raised, ; power will be restored to pan the camera, and the camera will continue transmitting. If motion is detected during ; the one minute wait then the timer is reset. ; ; Eric McCay ; ; Written for the 16F ; LIST R=DEC, p=16f877 ; Device Specification INCLUDE <p16f877.inc> ; Include Files/Registers ; Variable Register Declarations ; Macros __CONFIG _LVP_OFF & _HS_OSC & _WDT_OFF & _PWRTE_ON & _CP_OFF & _BODEN_OFF & _DEBUG_OFF CBLOCK 0x d d d count ENDC org 0x

Main start ; INITIALIZE PORTS ; binary used to see individual pin level movlw b'00000000' ; all port pins = low movwf PORTA movlw b'00000000' movwf PORTB movlw b'00000000' movwf PORTC movlw b'00000000' movwf PORTD movlw b'00000000' movwf PORTE bsf STATUS,RP0 ; set RAM Page 1 for TRIS registers ; INITIALIZE PORTS ; binary used to see individual pin IO status movlw b'00000000' ; all IO pins = outputs except D all IO pins = inputs movwf TRISA movlw b'00000000' movwf TRISB movlw b'00000000' movwf TRISC movlw b'11111111' movwf TRISD movlw b'00000000' movwf TRISE movlw b'00000110' ; all analog pins = digital movwf ADCON bcf STATUS,RP0 ; back to RAM page 0 bsf PORTC, 5 movlw 0x78 ; Set count to 120 for 2 minute delay movwf count SignalTest