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ANSWERS
- #1 Cause of Death and Seriously Debilitating Injury?: Entanglement
- #2 Cause of Death and Seriously Debilitating Injury?: Falls
- #3 Cause of Death and Seriously Debilitating Injury?: Entrapment
- #4 Cause of Death and Seriously Debilitating Injury?: Impact by tipped or loose equipment, or moving swings
- ASTM 1487 is a:
A) a federal law
B) a voluntary standard
C) a national guideline
D) an international mandate: B) a voluntary standard
- The Consumer Product Safety Commission Handbook is:
A) a federal guideline
B) an international standard
C) a code of conduct
D) a federal law: A) a federal guideline
- Which of the following ASTM documents should be used to verify compli- ance of the surfacing as installed in the field?
ANSWERS
A) F
B) F
C) F
D) F1292: B) F
- Range of Playground Users?: 5th percentile 2 year old through 95th percentile 12 year old
- ASTM F1487 for what age of playground users?: ages 2 through 12 years old
- ASTM F2373 covers what age range of users?: 6-23 months
- Site must be to prevent problems?: well- drained
- If fencing is used around a playground, consider what standard?: ASTM F
- When placing moving playground equipment, it should be placed
of the play area?: edge or perimeter (either accepted)
ANSWERS
A) 8' high free-standing slide
B) Free-standing arch climber
C) Trolley or Track ride
D) Parallel bars: A) 8' high free-standing slide
- Completely Bounded opening = any opening in a piece of play equipment that is by boundaries on all sides so the perimeter of the opening is continuous?: Totally enclosed
- What users are most at risk to hazardous completely bounded openings?-
: Preschool Children
- If the Head Probe will not penetrate the completely bounded rigid opening, does this pass or fail the test?: IT FAILS THE TEST
ANSWERS
- With completely bounded rigid openings, when the bottom of the opening is formed by the protective surfacing, the opening is from the head entrapment test requirement?: EXEMPT
- opening must be checked for head entrapment?: EVERY
- Completely Bounded Non-Rigid Openings test the same as the test for com- pletely bounded rigid openings, with one exception that is ?: - 50lbs of force (222N) is added to push the probe through the opening
- Partially Bounded Openings = any openings in a piece of play equipment that is not totally enclosed by boundaries on all sides so that the perimeter of the opening is discontinuous. Where is this type of opening most often located on a playground?: Partially Bounded Openings often exist within a large completely bounded opening formed by a top rail of a guardrail
- If the "A" portion of the wedge template touches the bottom of the par- tially bounded opening without touching both sides simultaneously, does the opening pass or fail?: The partially bounded opening PASSED this test and NO FURTHER testing is needed !
- If the "B" portion of the probe can be fully inserted in the partially bounded opening, what kind of hazard would this be classified as?: The partially bounded opening is a potential neck entrapment hazard!
- When testing irregular openings, if the "B" portion of the probe can be in- serted in the opening below the line, the opening is a potential ?-
ANSWERS
- What are the 3 conditions that need to be met to be deemed an entangle- ment hazard?: 1) Projection fits inside one of the three projection test gauges
Projects above horizontal
Projection sides are perpendicular to its initial surface extending greater than 0.12" from its initial surface
- Check S-Hook Gaps with a gauge?: gap or automotive feeler
- Which of the following statements about protrusions is correct?
A) The smallest projection gauge protects a child from a projection entering their brain through their eye socket B) The 0.12" gauge is placed next to suspended components to test for protru- sion hazards C) Recessed bolts may be inaccessible and therefore, not subject to protrusion tests D) Five projection gauges are used to identify projections that are protrusions-
: C) Recessed bolts may be inaccessible and therefore, not subject to protrusion tests
- Which of the following would fail the head entrapment test?
A) An opening between two adjacent decks that admits both the torso and head probes B) An opening in a tot swing seat that admits the torso probe but not the head
ANSWERS
probe C) An opening at the top of a 72" high free standing arch climber that does not admit the torso probe D) An opening between the protective surfacing and the bottom rail of a stepladder: B) An opening in a tot swing that admits the torso probe but not the head probe
- During a playground safety audit, a CPSI notes the following data.
- a bolt with two threads exposed on the side of a platform
- a head entrapment in the footrest of a spring rocker
- an S-hook with the top loop overlapping the bottom loop
- a bolt protruding 1/4" from the side rail of a slide Which of the following are compliant with ATSM F1487? A) 1 and 2 only
ANSWERS
greater than 2" x 2" and 30 degree angle from horizontal (physical definition): accessible for play by children
- Except where means of ascent and descent have a top horizontal guardrail, the maximum opening for most attached play components must not be greater than " to help prevent falls?: 15"
- An access component is required between adjacent platforms when vertical height difference is greater than " for use by ages 2-5 and greater than 18" fur use by ages 5-12?: 12"
- Guardrail and barrier must come within " of the platform surface or have a 2" raised curb for guardrails and barriers on wheelchair accessible ramps?: 1"
ANSWERS
- For upper body equipment, the maximum height for ages 5-12 is "
?: 84"
- For upper body equipment, rungs must have a diameter that lands in the range of " and " ?: 0.95" -1.55"
- All suspended elements on swings shall not impart a peak acceleration greater than 100 g's and shall have a HIC score that is less than ?: 500
- Clearance Zone = " in all directions horizontally from the pivot point, then vertically to the surfacing, forming a cylinder?: Y + 30"
- Which dowel probe should be used to test for crush and shear in the swivel of a rotating swing?
A) 0.19" (3/16", 5 mm) dowel probe
B) 0.30" (5/16", 7.5 mm) dowel probe
C) 0.62" (5/8" , 15.7 mm) dowel probe
D) 0.50" (1/2" , 12.7 mm) dowel probe: C) 0.62" (5/8" , 15.7 mm) dowel probe
- A CPSI records the following data while performing a safety audit on a playground intended for children 2 to 5-years-old:
a transfer platform 24" (61o mm) above the surfacing
adjacent platforms 24" (610 mm) apart with no access component
a guardrail on a 32" high (810 mm) platform
a 20" (508 mm) opening in a barrier for a climber
ANSWERS
- Balance beam maximum height for ages 5-12 is " ?: 16"
- Slide transition areas must be at least " deep?: 14"
- Slide Exit Height for all slides greater than 48" high is between " and
" ?: 7"-15"
- Hazard is child impacting an adjacent component or separate piece of equipment: Clearance Zone
- For vertical rotating equipment, the difference between the minimum and maximum radii shall not exceed " radius?: 2"
- Vertical Rotating Equipment with a reducing place of rotation shall maintain a minimum clearance of " ?: 9"
- What is the maximum seat height for fulcrum seesaws?: 60"
- Seated Spring Rocking minimum seat height is " ?: 14"
- Stepping forms for ages 2 to 5 must be ?: stationary
- Which of the following dimensions regarding the head entrapment test probes is correct? Torso Probe Dimension Head Probe Dimension
A) 95th percentile 5-year-old 95th percentile 12-year-old
B) 95th percentile 2-year-old 5th percentile 5-year-old
C) 5th percentile 5-year-old 5th percentile 12-year-old
D) 5th percentile 2-year-old 95th percentile 5-year-old: D) 5th percentile 2-year-old 95th
ANSWERS
percentile 5-year-old
- Which of the following passes the entanglement test?
A) a bolt that increases in diameter greater than 1/8" from its initial surface on a climber B) a bolt with two threads exposed on the side of a platform
C) a bolt that projects upward 3/8" on a horizontal ladder
D) a bolt that projects 1/4" from the side of a slide chute: B) a bolt with two threads exposed on the side of a platform
- On an 8' high free-standing slide, which one of the following would be considered a Priority One Hazard? A) a bolt head projecting 3/16" (5mm, 0.19") in the slide non-entanglement zone
ANSWERS
D) Adjacent swing chains 28" (710mm) apart: C) Horizontal ladder that is 72" (180mm) high
- Designated Playing Surface-minimum width and length <30 degrees from horizontal?: 2 inches or 51mm
- Force requirements for Non-Rigid openings (applied to head or torso probes)?: 50lbf or 222 N
- Non-Rigid Component Suspended Between Two Play Units or Between Play Unit and Ground Within 45 degrees of Horizontal- minimum height?: 84" or 2130 mm
- Non-Rigid Component Suspended Between Two Play Units or Between Play Unit and Ground Within 45 degrees of Horizontal - minimum diameter?: 1" or 25.4 mm
ANSWERS
- Crush and Shear Probe- for common hazards neoprene rod diameter?: 0.62" or 15.7 mm
- Ground-Level Flexible Manipulative Components- maximum connector length ?: 24" or 609 mm
- Ground-Level Flexible Manipulative Play Components- max. attachment height?: 27" or 686 mm
- Head Probe - diameter?: 9" or 229 mm
- Small Projection Gauge - height?: 0.25" or 6.4 mm
- Small Projection Gauge-inside diameter?: 0.50" or 12.7 mm
- Small Projection Gauge- outside diameter?: 1" or 25.4 mm
- Middle Projection Gauge- height?: 0.75" or 19.1 mm
- Middle Projection Gauge - inside diameter?: 1.50" or 38.1 mm
- Middle Projection Gauge- outside diameter?: 2" or 50.8 mm
- Large Projection Gauge- height ?: 1.5" or 38.1 mm
- Large Projection Gauge- inside diameter?: 3" or 76.2 mm
- Large Projection Gauge- outside diameter?: 3.5" or 88.9 mm
- Partially-Bounded Opening Probe- neck length?: 3" or 76 mm
- Partially-Bounded Opening Probe- neck width?: 1.875" or 47.6 mm
- Partially-Bounded Opening Probe (A) -width?: 6.1" or 155 mm
- Partially-Bounded Opening Probe (B) - shoulder width?: 9" or 229 mm
ANSWERS
- Adjacent Platforms for Children 2 to 5 - maximum height without an access component?: 12" or 300 mm
- Adjacent Platforms for Children 5 to 12 - maximum height without access to component?: 18" or 460 mm
- Barriers for Children 2 to 5 - minimum height of upper rail?: 29" to 740 mm
- Barriers for Children 5 to 12 - minimum height of upper rail?: 38" or 970 mm
- Barriers on Upper Platform of Adjacent Platforms - maximum height dif- ference for children 2 to 5 ?: 30" or 760 mm
- Barriers on Upper Platform of Adjacent Platforms - maximum height dif- ference for children 5 to 12 ?: 48" or 1220 mm
- Elevated Structures for Children 2 to 5 - maximum height without barri- ers?: 30" or 760 mm
- Elevated Structures for Children 2 to 5 - maximum height without guardrails ?: 20" or 508 mm
- Elevated Structures for Children 5 to 12 - maximum height without barriers
?: 48" or 1220 mm
- Elevated Structures for Children 5 to 12 - maximum height without guardrails ?: 30" or 760 mm
- Guardrails for Children 2 to 5 - maximum height of lower rail ?: 23" or 580 mm
- Guardrails for Children 2 to 5 - minimum height of upper rail ?: 29" or 740 mm
- Guardrails for Children 5 to 12 - maximum height of lower rail ?: 28" or 710 mm
ANSWERS
- Guardrails for Children 5 to 12 - minimum height of upper rail ?: 38" or 970 mm
- Guardrails on Upper Platform of Adjacent Platforms - maximum height difference for children 2 to 5 ?: 20" or 508 mm
- Guardrails on Upper Platform of Adjacent Platforms - max. height differ- ence for children 5 to 12 ?: 30" or 760 mm
- Handrails - minimum diameter ?: 0.95" or 24 mm
- Handrails - maximum diameter ?: 1.55" or 39 mm
- Handrails - minimum height above step ?: 22" or 560 mm
- Handrails - maximum height above step ?: 38" or 970 mm
- Maximum clear opening without a top horizontal guardrail ?: 15" or 380 mm
- Ramp and Barrier without Curb - maximum space allowed ?: 1" or 25 mm