Download Deductive and Inductive Arguments: A Comprehensive Guide with Exercises and more Exams Psychology in PDF only on Docsity!
define |: |statements |given |in |form |of |another |statement |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔premise what |are |the |premise |indicators |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔since | for | because | given |that define |: |statements |that |premises |are |intended |to |support |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔conclusion what |are |the |conclusion |indicators |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔so thus therefore | hence this |arguments |intends |to |provide |logically |conclusive |support |for |its |conclusion |and |is |also |truth |preserving |can |be |valid |or |invalid |, |sound |or |not |sound |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔deductive |arguments this |argument |intends |to |provide |probably |support |for |its |conclusion |, |is |not |truth |preserving |can |be |strong |or |weak |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔inductive |arguments name |a |few |words |signaling |a |deductive |argument |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔it |logically |follows |that |
absolutely | certainly name |a |few |words |signaling |inductive |arguments |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔probably | likely | chances |are these |arguments |can |not |give |us |certainty |but |gives |us |high |probability |high |enough |for |us |to |acquire |knowledge |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔inductive |arguments these |arguments |are |the |logic |frame |work |on |which |much |of |reasoning |hangs |and |the |solid |bond |that |hold |together |the |logical |lattices |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔deductive |arguments name |the |argument |patterns |for |deductive |arguments |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔modus |ponens |( |affirming |the |antecedent |) modus |tollens |( |denying |the |consequent |) affirming |the |consequent | denying |the |antecedent | hypothetical |syllogism | disjunctive |syllogism if |p |, |then |q p therefore |, |q |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔modus |ponens |( |affirming |the |antecedent |) if |p, |then |q not |q
if |ajax |steals |the |money, |he |will |go |to |jail | if |ajax |goes |to |jail |, |his |family |will |suffer | there |fore |if |ajax |steals |the |money, |his |family |will |suffer |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔hypothetical |syllogism if |the |cat |is |on |the |mat, |she |is |sleeping | she |is |sleeping | therefore |she |is |on |the |mat |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔affirming |the |consequent if |the |cat |is |on |the |mat |, |she |is |asleep | she |is |not |on |the |mat therefore |she |is |not |asleep |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔denying |the |antecedent either |we |light |the |fire |or |we |will |freeze | we |will |not |light |the |fire | therefore |we |will |freeze |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔disjunctive |syllogism true |or |false |, |can |we |use |the |same |methods |to |evaluate |deductive |and |inductive |arguments |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔false true |or |false |, |the |size |of |the |sample |used |in |enumerative |induction |will |strictly |depend |on |the |size |of |the |target |group |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔false true |or |false |, |the |degree |of |certainty |that |one |can |expect |of |a |conclusion |from |an |inductive |argument |will |at |best |highly |probably |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔true
true |or |false |, |Vaughn |tells |us |that |induction |creates |the |invisible |frame |work |upon |which |much |or |our |reasoning |hangs |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔false |, |deduction true |or |false |, |the |mean |of |a |set |of |numbers |will |indicate |the |average |of |the |set |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔true true |or |false |, |the |diversity |among |cases |that |exhibit |relevant |similarities |serve |to |weaken |an |analogical |induction |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔false true |or |false |, |knowledge |that |is |gained |by |empirical |investigation |is |knowledge |one |acquires |through |the |uses |of |one's |senses |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔true true |or |false |, |an |attorney |uses |enumerative |induction |when |identifying |a |previous |trail |that |is |similar |to |his |/present |case |( |a |previous |case |that |has |set |precedence |to |the |current |case |) |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔false true |or |false |if |our |sample |size |is |too |small |for |the |target |group |being |considered, |we |commit |the |fallacy |of |hasty |generalization |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔true true |or |false |, |Vaughn |tells |us |that |one |of |the |most |true |effective |forms |of |inductive |arguments |is |the |literary |analogy |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔true true |or |false |, |a |theory |that |is |externally |consistent |is |consistent |with |the |data |its |suppose |to |explain |, |it |fully |accounts |for |the |data |associated |with |the |phenomenon |to |be |explained |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔true true |or |false |, |all |explanations |can |also |be |called |theories |or |hypothesis |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔false
define |: |why |something |is |the |way |it |is, |why |something |is |the |case, |why |something |happened |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔theoretical when |it |comes |to |the |criteria |of |adequacy |Ptolemy |geocentric |theory |was |what |? |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔conservative when |it |comes |to |the |criteria |of |adequacy |Copernicus |theory |was |what |? |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔simpler |( |simplicity |) inference |to |the |best |explanation |is |a |form |of |inductive |reasoning |in |which |we |reason |from |premises |about |a |state |of |affairs |to |what |? |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔an |explanation |for |that |state |of |affairs the |world |contains |forms |of |explanations |what |explanation |in |particular |, |we |use |this |to |understand |many |ordinary |events |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔theoretical define |: |seeks |to |acquire |knowledge |and |understanding |of |relativity |the |through |the |formation |, |testing |evaluation |of |theories |, |tries |to |understand |how |the |world |works |by |identifying |principles |that |both |explain |and |predict |phenomena |, |pursues |knowledge |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔science science |is |not |what |three |things |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔technology |,ideology |, |scientism science |searches |for |what |? |what |way |does |science |determines |information |? |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔searches |for |truth |and |the |scientific |method define |: |is |not |a |search |for |truth, |it |is |a |production |of |products |, |makes |knowledge |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔technology
how |does |technology |applies |knowledge |? |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔applies |knowledge |acquired |through |science does |science |care |about |the |electrical |gadgets |? |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔no technology |seeks |what |? |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔seeks |facts |to |use |in |production define |: |the |view |that |science |is |the |only |reliable |way |to |acquire |knowledge |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔scientism is |science |an |extremely |reliable |way |of |acquiring |knowledge |about |the |empirical |world |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔yes true |or |false |, |the |scientific |method |cannot |be |identified |with |particular |experiments |, |there |are |many |different |methods |to |evaluate |the |hypothesis |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔true what |can |biology |and |physics |sciences |be |assessed |through |? |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔controlled |experiments what |can |astronomy |and |geology |be |assessed |through |? |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔observational |experiments define |: |guiding |research |suggesting |what |kind |of |observations |or |data |would |be |relevant |to |the |problem |at |hand |, |generalizes |through |induction |by |collecting |data |and |drawing |generalization |for |them |to |get |a |hypothesis |, |can |never |be |conclusive |confirmed |or |conclusively |confuted |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔hypothesis without |out |this |factor |scientist |would |not |be |able |to |tell |when |data |are |more |important |or |which |pieces |of |data |is |worthless |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔hypothesis
define |: |are |widely |believed |and |difficult |to |agree |with |, |turns |out |to |be |false |but |surprises |everyone |by |being |true |, |goes |beyond |common |sense |and |scientific |theory |, |can |dramatically |affect |peoples |lives |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔weird |theories true |or |false |, |its |easy |to |accept |evidence |provided |by |personal |experience |only |if |there |is |no |good |reason |to |doubt |it |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔true when |is |something |logically |impossible |? |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔when |it |violates |the |principle |of |logic when |is |something |logically |possible |? |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔when |it |does |not |violate |a |principle anything |that |is |this |cannot |exist |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔logically |impossible when |is |something |physically |impossible |? |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔when |it |violates |a |law |of |science true |or |false |, |somethings |can |be |logically |possible |, |and |physically |impossible |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔true define |: |produces |a |world |view |affirming |the |way |the |world |is |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |✔✔ideology what |does |weird |theories |include |? |- |...,. VERIFIED |ANSWER |**✔✔ufos |, |ghost, |esp |psychic |predictions
