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* CULTURING---PROCESS OF ALLOWING MICROBES TO GROW ONARTICIAL MEDIUM/MEDIA IN ORDER TO IDENTIFY CULTIVATION OF BACTERIA THEM AND TO OBSERVE THEIR GROWTH. * CULTURE--REFERS TO THE GROWTH OF MICROBES * CULTURE MEDIUM--NUTRIENT SUBSTANCE WHERE MICROBES ARE GROWN 3 4 * GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS WHEN * 6, STERILECONDITION/FREE FROM CULTURING ON ARTIFICIAL LAB. MEDIA: CONTAMINANTS + 1, PROPER TEMPERATURE * 2. RIGHT AMOUNT OF MOISTURE * BASIC TYPES OF CULTURE MEDIA: * 3. REQUIRED OXYGEN TENSION * LUQUID + 4, PROPER pH * 2. SOLID THAT CAN BE LIQUIFIED BY HEATING + 5. NUTRIENTS & GROWTH-PROMOTING + 3, SOLID THAT CANNOT BE LIQUIFIED FACTORS 5 6 AGAR---COMMONLY USED CULTURE MEDIUM ENRICHING MATERIALS * USES OF AGAR AS A MEDIUM: * 1, CARBOHYDRATES (CHO)~-ADDED TO + 1, MELTS AT BOILING TEMPERATURE INCREASE THE NUTRITIVE VALUE OF THE + 2. SOLIDIFIES WHEN COOLED DOWN TO 40 MEDIUM Desates ceicus + 2, SERUM--USED TO INDICATE THE GROWTH + 3, NO EFFECT ON BACTERIAL GROWTH OGILESS: HARDY ORGANISMS * 4,1S NOT ATTACKED BY THE BACTERIA * EX, WHOLE BLOOD/ ASCITIC FLUID GROWING ON IT * 3. DYES---USED AS INDICATORS TO DETECTACID FORMATION; INHIBITORS OF 7 8 CLASSIFICATION OF CULTURE MEDIA + CERTAIN BACTERIA * 1, DIFFERENTIAL---WHEN THE INGREDIENTS * EX. PHENOL RED---INDICATOR DYE OF THE MEDIUM IS USED TO DISTINGUISH * GENTIAN VIOLET--INHIBITORY DYE ( INHIBITS CRGANENTS CREAVING TOGETHER, THE GROWTH OF MOST GRAM POSITIVE * EX. A, EMB (EOSIN METHYLENE BLUE) AGAR BACTERIA) * B, MAC CONKEY AGAR---USED IN THE DIFFERENTIATION OF GRAM (-) BACTERIA OF THE INTESTINAL TRACT rr Ter eeerrrérm tine: iohinimmeimtiinihnintomhhiefendebindrndemeinh imeem * CERTAIN BACTERIA * EX. PHENOL RED---INDICATOR DYE * GENTIAN VIOLET—INHIBITORY DYE ( INHIBITS THE GROWTH OF MOST GRAM POSITIVE BACTERIA) * FEREMENT THE LACTOSE SUGAR FROM THOSE WHO DO NOT USE THE SUGAR * A. LACTOSE FERMENTERS---PRODUCES DEEPLY COLORED RED COLONIES WITH A METALLIC SHEEN * B. NON-FERMENTERS----PRODUCES COLORLESS COLONIES 11 * B. LOWENSTEIN-JENSEN MEDIUN--- PROMOTES THE GROWTH OF TUBERCLE BACILLI BUT RETARDS THE GROWTH OF OTHER ORGANISMS * C. EMB AGAR/ MAC CONKEY AGAR---DISPLAY SELECTIVE FUNCTION IN THAT THEY ALLOW THE GROWTH OF GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA BUT PREVENTS THE GROWTH OF GRAM- POSITIVE ONES ig} CULTURE METHODS * A. PREPARATION OF CULTURE MEDIUM: * 1, DETERMINE ORGANISM TO BE CULTURED AND USE THE REQUIRED /SPECIFIC MEDIUM * 2. STERILIZATION OF ALL INSTRUMENTS NEEDED INCLUDING THE CULTURE MEDIUM BY AUTOCLAVING----MOST COMMONLY USED STERILIZATION PROCEDURE IN THE LAB. CLASSIFICATION OF CULTURE MEDIA * 1. DIFFERENTIAL—-WHEN THE INGREDIENTS OF THE MEDIUM IS USED TO DISTINGUISH ORGANISMS GROWING TOGETHER. * EX. A. EMB (EOSIN METHYLENE BLUE) AGAR * B. MAC CONKEY AGAR---USED IN THE DIFFERENTIATION OF GRAM (-) BACTERIA OF THE INTESTINAL TRACT * C, LACTOSE---SEPARATES ORGANISMS THAT 10 * 2. SELECTIVE MEDIUM--PROMOTES THE GROWTH OF 1 ORGANISM & RETARD THE GROWTH OF OTHERS * A. DEOXYCHOLATE-CITRATE AGAR---INHIBITS THE GROWTH OF MOST COLIFORMS INCLUDING MANY STRAINS OF PROTEUS BUT FAVORS THE ISOLATION OF INTESTINAL PATHOGENS LIKE SALMONELLA & SHIGELLA 12 * SELECTIVE & DIFFERENTIAL MEDIA ---ARE OF * GREAT VALUE IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF INFECTIONS AS VARIOUS PATHOGENS TEND TO BE MIXED WITH MANY OTHER ORGANISMS. 14 "121-123 DEGREES CELCIUS TEMPERATURE "15-17 PSI PRESSURE * ***NOT USED IN THE STERILIZATION OF MATERIALS THAT ARE DESTROYED BY TOO MUCH HEAT. * B. INOCULATION---INTRODUCTION OF THE SOURCE OF THE ORGANISM 
