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An exam for the master of science in software development program at the cork institute of technology, specifically for the software quality module. The exam consists of two sections. Section a has 15 questions about various topics such as the role of a moderator in an inspection, the difference between software validation and verification, principles behind agile software development methodologies, risk management, and digital six sigma terminology. Section b offers 4 questions and requires the student to answer any 3, with questions about control charts, monte carlo simulation analysis, quality management measures, and software testing specifications.
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Answer Section A (15 marks) and THREE questions in Section B (15 marks for each question).
Indicate clearly the three questions in Section B to be assessed, otherwise only the first three questions marked by the examiner will be credited.
Show all work.
Examiners: Mr. P. Lucey
i) A role of a moderator in an inspection is to: a. Encourage full participation by all members of the team. b. Keep the inspections subjective. c. Maintain a focus on problem solution rather than problem identification d. All of the above
ii) What is the difference between Software Validation and Software Verification? a. Validation applies before Customer Acceptance Testing; Verification applies after Customer Acceptance Testing. b. Validation asks “are we doing the right job?" and Verification asks, "are we doing the job right?" c. For Cost of Quality calculations, Validation is categorized as „Creation‟ while Verification is classified as „Assessment‟. d. Verification asks “are we doing the right job?" and Validation asks, "are we doing the job right?"
iii) Which of the following is not one of the principles behind Agile Software Development methodologies? a. The highest priority is customer satisfaction b. Agile software development should expect changing requirements c. Advocates close collaboration and rapid feedback d. Advocates frequent internal delivery of software, even if the software doesn‟t work
iv) Which of these answers represent a valid set of responses to risk? a. Plan, Do, Check, Act b. Avoid, Transfer, Mitigate, Accept c. Define, Deploy, Comply, Improve d. Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve
v) If System Alpha has 3 instances of service disruption in a 12-month period, each lasting for 40 minutes, and System Beta has 1 2 instances of service disruption over the same period, each of which lasts for 10 minutes, which of the following statements is true: a. System Alpha Availability > System Beta Availability b. System Alpha MeanTimeToRecovery < System Beta MTTR c. System Alpha MeanTimeBetweenFailure > System Beta MTBF d. System Alpha Reliability < System Beta Reliability
xii) Which of the following best characterizes Six Sigma? a. Stipulates that quality must be managed in b. Focuses on process improvement and reducing variation by using a measurement- based strategy c. Asserts that quality must be a continuous way of doing business d. Focuses on improving the quality of the people first, then improving the quality of the process or project
xiii) Which of these is not a risk? a. The scenario that something good may happen, for example higher productivity, discovery of better tools and technology, or just better quality software, to help you complete your software testing earlier than planned. b. The scenario that currency exchange rates may fluctuate, meaning that your available project spend in Ireland may be reduced as your funding is given in dollars. c. The scenario that your ground level premises will be flooded, given that the dam up river from your premises has been breached and a 500,000 litre surge of water is flowing towards you, due to arrive in 20 minutes. d. The scenario that your supplier may deliver late.
xiv) Three of these metrics are Process Metrics – measuring how well a process is operating. Which one is an example of a Product Metric a. Estimation Accuracy b. Phase Containment Effectiveness c. Defect Backlog d. Phase Screening Effectiveness
xv) Which of the following describes the cost of quality associated with scrapping, rework, and downtime? a. Prevention costs b. Appraisal costs c. Internal failure costs d. External failure costs
Q1 (a) Use the following sample measurements of LOC generated per hour and the supporting
Control Limit Factor table to calculate the X-bar and R process control limits for the software code generation productivity metric. [8 marks]
Time 1
Time 2
Time 3
Time 4
Time 5
Time 6
Time 7
Time 8
Time 9 observation 1 54 50 58 57 60 57 60 62 67 observation 2 57 60 57 61 60 62 60 70 73 observation 3 51 61 62 62 63 67 69 63 64
Control Limit Factor Table
Number of Observation s in Sample
X Chart Factors for Control Limits
R Chart. Factors for Control Limits
( n ) ( A 2 ) ( D 3 ) ( D 4 ) 2 1.88 0 3. 3 1.023 0 2. 4 0.73 0 2. 5 0.58 0 2. 6 0.48 0 2 7 0.42 0.08 1. 92 8 0.37 0.14 1. 9 0.34 0.18 1. 10 0.31 0.22 1. 78
(b) Draw the X-bar Control Chart, using the limits you have calculated and chart the X-bar measurements taken during the sampling process.
Draw the R Control Chart, using the limits you have calculated and chart the R measurements taken during the sampling process. [4 marks]
(c) Is this process under control? Support you answer through analysis of the control charts requested in question (1b). [3 marks]
Q3 (a) An ISO 9001:2008 -compliant software organization will have a defined quality system
which minimally includes a Quality Policy, a Quality System Manual and set of Quality Procedures.
Specify the minimal set of 6 procedures which must be in place, along with a one-paragraph description of each procedure and how it is typically implemented in a Software Organization. [12 marks]
(b) Provide two practical examples of a Quantitative Process Management measure and two practical examples of a Software Quality Management measure that would apply to a typical software development organisation. [3 marks]
Q4 (a) Describe the key elements of a Software Testing Specification [8 marks]
(b) Evaluate the relative merits of the following “Black-Box” testing methodologies, identifying the strengths and weaknesses of each approach: Equivalence Partitioning Cause-Effect Graphing [4 marks]
(c) Describe Software how Reliability Engineering methods may be used as a reliable leading indicator of software reliability. [3 marks]
