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Question 1. What property of an RF wave determines how far it will travel before being absorbed by the environment? A) Frequency B) Amplitude C) Phase D) Wavelength Answer: A Explanation: Frequency impacts how far an RF signal can travel; lower frequencies generally propagate farther because they are less easily absorbed by obstacles. Question 2. What is the unit commonly used to express the power of a wireless signal relative to one milliwatt?
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A) dBc B) dBi C) dBm D) dBd Answer: C Explanation: dBm (decibels relative to one milliwatt) is the standard unit for wireless signal power measurement. Question 3. Which phenomenon occurs when an RF signal encounters an object and bends around it? A) Reflection B) Refraction C) Diffraction
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Question 5. Which effect can cause multiple copies of a wireless signal to arrive at a receiver at different times, potentially causing interference? A) Absorption B) Multipath C) Attenuation D) Gain Answer: B Explanation: Multipath occurs when signals reflect off surfaces and arrive at the receiver at different times, causing interference.
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Question 6. What does the “Rule of 10s and 3s” help with in wireless networking? A) Calculating antenna gain B) Converting dBm to mW and vice versa C) Determining channel width D) Assessing phase shift Answer: B Explanation: The Rule of 10s and 3s simplifies conversion between dBm and mW. Question 7. What is the main factor that limits free space path loss (FSPL) in a wireless link? A) Frequency
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Answer: B Explanation: Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) is the difference between the signal and noise levels. Question 9. Which type of antenna radiates RF energy equally in all horizontal directions? A) Semi-directional B) Yagi C) Omni-directional D) Parabolic Answer: C Explanation: Omni-directional antennas broadcast evenly in all horizontal directions.
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Question 10. What is a key characteristic of a highly directional antenna? A) Wide beamwidth B) Low gain C) Narrow beamwidth D) Circular polarization Answer: C Explanation: Highly directional antennas focus energy in a narrow beam, increasing gain. Question 11. What does dBi represent when describing antenna specifications?
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D) Convert frequencies Answer: C Explanation: Lightning arrestors protect equipment from electrical surges caused by lightning. Question 13. What term is used to describe the region around the visual line of sight between two antennas where most of the RF energy passes? A) Azimuth B) Elevation C) Fresnel Zone D) Null point Answer: C
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Explanation: The Fresnel Zone is the area around the line of sight where RF energy propagates. Question 14. In MIMO technology, what is the primary benefit of using multiple radio chains? A) Increased output power B) Enhanced spatial multiplexing C) Reduced channel width D) Less interference Answer: B Explanation: Multiple radio chains enable spatial multiplexing, increasing throughput.
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C) IEEE
D) FCC
Answer: C Explanation: IEEE develops the 802.11 wireless LAN standards. Question 17. What does the Wi-Fi Alliance primarily focus on? A) Spectrum regulation B) Standards creation C) Interoperability certification D) Frequency allocation Answer: C
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Explanation: The Wi-Fi Alliance certifies interoperability among wireless products. Question 18. Which regulatory domain manages unlicensed wireless spectrum in the United States? A) ITU-R B) ETSI C) FCC D) TIA Answer: C Explanation: The FCC regulates wireless spectrum in the U.S.
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C) 802.11n D) 802.11ac Answer: C Explanation: 802.11n introduced HT and MIMO for increased data rates. Question 21. Which spread spectrum technology is used by 802.11b? A) OFDM B) DSSS C) FHSS D) OFDMA Answer: B Explanation: 802.11b uses Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS).
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Question 22. Which modulation scheme provides the highest data rates in 802.11ac? A) BPSK B) QPSK C) 16-QAM D) 256-QAM Answer: D Explanation: 256-QAM is used in 802.11ac for highest data rates. Question 23. What is Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS) required for? A) Avoiding overlapping channels
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Answer: B Explanation: Only channels 1, 6, and 11 are non-overlapping in the 2. GHz band. Question 25. Which PHY layer technology first introduced Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)? A) 802. B) 802.11b C) 802.11a D) 802.11n Answer: C Explanation: 802.11a introduced OFDM for higher data rates.
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Question 26. What is the main benefit of using OFDMA in 802.11ax (Wi- Fi 6)? A) Increased output power B) Improved spatial streams C) Enhanced spectrum efficiency D) Wider channels Answer: C Explanation: OFDMA increases spectrum efficiency by dividing channels into resource units. Question 27. Which frequency band is exclusive to Wi-Fi 6E devices? A) 2.4 GHz B) 5 GHz
