Cybersecurity Concepts and Techniques, Exams of Security Analysis

Download Cybersecurity Concepts and Techniques and more Exams Security Analysis in PDF only on Docsity! COMPTIA SECURITY SY0-601 STUDY EXAM Questions with 100% verified Answers Latest Version 2024 GRADED A+ A Correct answer- A security administrator suspects an employee has been emailing proprietary information to a competitor. Company policy requires the administrator to capture an exact copy of the employee's hard disk. Which of the following should the administrator use? A. dd B. chmod C. dnsenum D. logger THIS IS THE ORDER AS FOLLOWS: ssh-keygen -t rsa ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub user@server chmod 644 ~/.ssh/id_rsa ssh root@server Correct answer- DRAG AND DROP SIMULATION (SEE IMAGE) Firewall 1:DNS Rule "" ANY --> ANY --> DNS --> PERMIT HTTPS Outbound "" 10.0.0.1/24 --> ANY --> HTTPS --> PERMIT Management "" ANY --> ANY --> SSH --> PERMIT HTTPS Inbound "" ANY --> ANY --> HTTPS --> PERMIT HTTP Inbound "" ANY --> ANY --> HTTP --> DENY Firewall 2: No changes should be made to this firewall Firewall 3:DNS Rule "" ANY --> ANY --> DNS --> PERMIT HTTPS Outbound "" 192.168.0.1/24 --> ANY --> HTTPS --> PERMIT Management "" ANY --> ANY --> SSH --> PERMIT HTTPS Inbound "" ANY --> ANY --> HTTPS --> PERMIT HTTP Inbound "" ANY --> ANY --> HTTP --> DENY Correct answer- DROP DOWN SIMULATION (SEE IMAGE) See IMAGE Correct answer- DRAG AND DROP SIMULATION (SEE ANSWERS IN IMAGE) DF Correct answer- Which of the following will MOST likely adversely impact the operations of unpatched traditional programmable-logic controllers, running a back-end LAMP server and OT systems with human-management interfaces that are accessible over the Internet via a web interface? (Choose two.) A. Cross-site scripting B. Data exfiltration C. Poor system logging D. Weak encryption E. SQL injection F. Server-side request forgery A Correct answer- A company recently transitioned to a strictly BYOD culture due to the cost of replacing lost or damaged corporate-owned mobile devices. Which of the following technologies would be BEST to balance the BYOD culture while also protecting the company's data? A. Containerization B. Geofencing C. Full-disk encryption D. Remote wipe D Correct answer- A Chief Security Office's (CSO's) key priorities are to improve preparation, response, and recovery practices to minimize system downtime and enhance organizational resilience to ransomware attacks. Which of the following would BEST meet the CSO's objectives? A. Use email-filtering software and centralized account management, patch high-risk systems, and restrict administration privileges on fileshares. B. Purchase cyber insurance from a reputable provider to reduce expenses during an incident. C. Invest in end-user awareness training to change the long-term culture and behavior of staff and executives, reducing the organization's susceptibility to phishing attacks. D. Implement application whitelisting and centralized event-log management, and perform regular testing and validation of full backups. AC Correct answer- A network engineer has been asked to investigate why several wireless barcode scanners and wireless computers in a warehouse have intermittent connectivity to the shipping server. The barcode scanners and computers are all on forklift trucks and move around the warehouse during their regular use. Which of the following should the engineer do to determine the issue? (Choose two.) A. SaaS B. PaaS C. IaaS D. DaaS AB Correct answer- A network administrator needs to build out a new datacenter, with a focus on resiliency and uptime. Which of the following would BEST meet this objective?(Choose two.) A. Dual power supply B. Off-site backups C. Automatic OS upgrades D. NIC teaming E. Scheduled penetration testing F. Network-attached storage C Correct answer- Which of the following network attacks is the researcher MOST likely experiencing? A. MAC cloning B. Evil twin C. Man-in-the-middle D. ARP poisoning BD Correct answer- An organization is developing an authentication service for use at the entry and exit ports of country borders. The service will use data feeds obtained from passport systems, passenger manifests, and high-definition video feeds from CCTV systems that are located at the ports. The service will incorporate machine-learning techniques to eliminate biometric enrollment processes while still allowing authorities to identify passengers with increasing accuracy over time. The more frequently passengers travel, the more accurately the service will identify them. Which of the following biometrics will MOST likely be used, without the need for enrollment? (Choose two.) A. Voice B. Gait C. Vein D. Facial E. Retina F. Fingerprint D Correct answer- An organization needs to implement more stringent controls over administrator/root credentials and service accounts. Requirements for the project include: ✑ Check-in/checkout of credentials ✑ The ability to use but not know the password ✑ Automated password changes ✑ Logging of access to credentials Which of the following solutions would meet the requirements? A. OAuth 2.0 B. Secure Enclave C. A privileged access management system D. An OpenID Connect authentication system A Correct answer- Several employees return to work the day after attending an industry trade show. That same day, the security manager notices several malware alerts coming from each of the employee's workstations. The security manager investigates but finds no signs of an attack on the perimeter firewall or the NIDS. Which of the following is MOST likely causing the malware alerts? A. A worm that has propagated itself across the intranet, which was initiated by presentation media B. A fileless virus that is contained on a vCard that is attempting to execute an attack C. A Trojan that has passed through and executed malicious code on the hosts D. A USB flash drive that is trying to run malicious code but is being blocked by the host firewall A Correct answer- After reading a security bulletin, a network security manager is concerned that a malicious actor may have breached the network using the same software flaw.The exploit code is publicly available and has been reported as being used against other industries in the same vertical. Which of the following should the network security manager consult FIRST to determine a priority list for forensic review? A. The vulnerability scan output B. The IDS logs C. The full packet capture data D. The SIEM alerts D Correct answer- A financial organization has adopted a new secure, encrypted document-sharing application to help with its customer loan process. Some important PII needs to be shared across this new platform, but it is getting blocked by the DLP systems. Which of the following actions will BEST allow the PII to be shared with the secure application without compromising the organization's security posture? A. Configure the DLP policies to allow all PII B. Configure the firewall to allow all ports that are used by this application C. Configure the antivirus software to allow the application D. Configure the DLP policies to whitelist this application with the specific PII E. Configure the application to encrypt the PII C Correct answer- An auditor is performing an assessment of a security appliance with an embedded OS that was vulnerable during the last two assessments. Which of the following BEST explains the appliance's vulnerable state? A. The system was configured with weak default security settings. B. The device uses weak encryption ciphers. C. The vendor has not supplied a patch for the appliance. D. The appliance requires administrative credentials for the assessment. C Correct answer- A company's bank has reported that multiple corporate credit cards have been stolen over the past several weeks. The bank has provided the names of the affected cardholders to the company's forensics team to assist in the cyber-incident investigation.An incident responder learns the following information: ✑ The timeline of stolen card numbers corresponds closely with affected users making Internet-based purchases from diverse websites via enterprise desktopPCs. ✑ All purchase connections were encrypted, and the company uses an SSL inspection proxy for the inspection of encrypted traffic of the hardwired network. Purchases made with corporate cards over the corporate guest WiFi network, where no SSL inspection occurs, were unaffected. Which of the following is the MOST likely root cause? A. HTTPS sessions are being downgraded to insecure cipher suites B. The SSL inspection proxy is feeding events to a compromised SIEM C. The payment providers are insecurely processing credit card charges D. The adversary has not yet established a presence on the guest WiFi network BE Correct answer- A pharmaceutical sales representative logs on to a laptop and connects to the public WiFi to check emails and update reports. Which of the following attacks MOST likely occurred on the original DNS server? A. DNS cache poisoning B. Domain hijacking C. Distributed denial-of-service D. DNS tunneling C Correct answer- A cybersecurity manager has scheduled biannual meetings with the IT team and department leaders to discuss how they would respond to hypothetical cyberattacks. During these meetings, the manager presents a scenario and injects additional information throughout the session to replicate what might occur in a dynamic cybersecurity event involving the company, its facilities, its data, and its staff. Which of the following describes what the manager is doing? A. Developing an incident response plan B. Building a disaster recovery plan C. Conducting a tabletop exercise D. Running a simulation exercise C Correct answer- A RAT that was used to compromise an organization's banking credentials was found on a user's computer. The RAT evaded antivirus detection. It was installed by a user who has local administrator rights to the system as part of a remote management tool set. Which of the following recommendations would BEST prevent this from reoccurring? A. Create a new acceptable use policy. B. Segment the network into trusted and untrusted zones. C. Enforce application whitelisting. D. Implement DLP at the network boundary. B Correct answer- A security analyst is reviewing a new website that will soon be made publicly available. The analyst sees the following in the URL: http://dev- site.comptia.org/home/show.php?sessionID=77276554&loc=us. The analyst then sends an internal user a link to the new website for testing purposes, and when the user clicks the link, the analyst is able to browse the website with the following URL: http://dev- site.comptia.org/home/show.php?sessionID=98988475&loc=us Which of the following application attacks is being tested? A. Pass-the-hash B. Session replay C. Object deference D. Cross-site request forgery C Correct answer- A network administrator has been asked to install an IDS to improve the security posture of an organization. Which of the following control types is an IDS? A. Corrective B. Physical C. Detective D. Administrative C Correct answer- Which of the following should be put in place when negotiating with a new vendor about the timeliness of the response to a significant outage or incident? A. MOU B. MTTR C. SLA D. NDA C Correct answer- A startup company is using multiple SaaS and IaaS platforms to stand up a corporate infrastructure and build out a customer-facing web application. Which of the following solutions would be BEST to provide security, manageability, and visibility into the platforms? A. SIEM B. DLP C. CASB D. SWG C Correct answer- A root cause analysis reveals that a web application outage was caused by one of the company's developers uploading a newer version of the third-party libraries that were shared among several applications. Which of the following implementations would be BEST to prevent the issue from reoccurring? A. CASB B. SWG C. Containerization D. Automated failover A Correct answer- A security administrator suspects there may be unnecessary services running on a server. Which of the following tools will the administrator MOST likely use to confirm the suspicions? A. Nmap B. Wireshark C. Autopsy D. DNSEnum D Correct answer- A company has drafted an insider-threat policy that prohibits the use of external storage devices. Which of the following would BEST protect the company from data exfiltration via removable media? A. Monitoring large data transfer transactions in the firewall logs B. Developing mandatory training to educate employees about the removable media policy C. Implementing a group policy to block user access to system files D. Blocking removable-media devices and write capabilities using a host-based security tool D Correct answer- A network administrator has been alerted that web pages are experiencing long load times. After determining it is not a routing or DNS issue, the administrator logs in to the router, runs a command, and receives the following output: (SEE IMAGE) Which of the following is the router experiencing? A. DDoS attack B. Memory leak C. Buffer overflow D. Resource exhaustion C Correct answer- A company provides mobile devices to its users to permit access to email and enterprise applications. The company recently started allowing users to select from several different vendors and device models. When configuring the MDM, which of the following is a key security implication of this heterogeneous device approach? A. The most common set of MDM configurations will become the effective set of enterprise mobile security controls. A. Due to foreign travel, the user's laptop was isolated from the network. B. The user's laptop was quarantined because it missed the latest path update. C. The VPN client was blacklisted. D. The user's account was put on a legal hold. A Correct answer- In which of the following common use cases would steganography be employed? A. Obfuscation B. Integrity C. Non-repudiation D. Blockchain C Correct answer- To secure an application after a large data breach, an e-commerce site will be resetting all users' credentials. Which of the following will BEST ensure the site's users are not compromised after the reset? A. A password reuse policy B. Account lockout after three failed attempts C. Encrypted credentials in transit D. A geofencing policy based on login history A Correct answer- In which of the following risk management strategies would cybersecurity insurance be used? A. Transference B. Avoidance C. Acceptance D. Mitigation D Correct answer- An organization has implemented a policy requiring the use of conductive metal lockboxes for personal electronic devices outside of a secure research lab. Which of the following did the organization determine to be the GREATEST risk to intellectual property when creating this policy? A. The theft of portable electronic devices B. Geotagging in the metadata of images C. Bluesnarfing of mobile devices D. Data exfiltration over a mobile hotspot C Correct answer- A security analyst is using a recently released security advisory to review historical logs, looking for the specific activity that was outlined in the advisory. Which of the following is the analyst doing? A. A packet capture B. A user behavior analysis C. Threat hunting D. Credentialed vulnerability scanning D Correct answer- Which of the following would MOST likely support the integrity of a voting machine? A. Asymmetric encryption B. Blockchain C. Transport Layer Security D. Perfect forward secrecy B Correct answer- A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) needs to create a policy set that meets international standards for data privacy and sharing. Which of the following should the CISO read and understand before writing the policies? A. PCI DSS B. GDPR C. NIST D. ISO 31000 B Correct answer- The IT department at a university is concerned about professors placing servers on the university network in an attempt to bypass security controls. Which of the following BEST represents this type of threat? A. A script kiddie B. Shadow IT C. Hacktivism D. White-hat B Correct answer- A commercial cyber-threat intelligence organization observes IoCs across a variety of unrelated customers. Prior to releasing specific threat intelligence to other paid subscribers, the organization is MOST likely obligated by contracts to: A. perform attribution to specific APTs and nation-state actors. B. anonymize any PII that is observed within the IoC data. C. add metadata to track the utilization of threat intelligence reports. D. assist companies with impact assessments based on the observed data. A Correct answer- While checking logs, a security engineer notices a number of end users suddenly downloading files with the .tar.gz extension. Closer examination of the files reveals they are PE32 files. The end users state they did not initiate any of the downloads. Further investigation reveals the end users all clicked on an external email containing an infected MHT file with an href link a week prior. Which of the following is MOST likely occurring? A. A RAT was installed and is transferring additional exploit tools. B. The workstations are beaconing to a command-and-control server. C. A logic bomb was executed and is responsible for the data transfers. D. A fireless virus is spreading in the local network environment. C Correct answer- An organization is developing a plan in the event of a complete loss of critical systems and data. Which of the following plans is the organization MOST likely developing? A. Incident response B. Communications C. Disaster recovery D. Data retention C Correct answer- Which of the following is the purpose of a risk register? A. To define the level or risk using probability and likelihood B. To register the risk with the required regulatory agencies C. To identify the risk, the risk owner, and the risk measures D. To formally log the type of risk mitigation strategy the organization is using AD Correct answer- A university with remote campuses, which all use different service providers, loses Internet connectivity across all locations. After a few minutes, Internet and VoIP services are restored, only to go offline again at random intervals, typically within four minutes of services being restored. Outages continue throughout the day, impacting all inbound and outbound connections and services. Services that are limited to the local LAN or WiFi network are not impacted, but all WAN and VoIP services are affected.Later that day, the edge-router manufacturer releases a CVE outlining the ability of an attacker to exploit the SIP protocol handling on devices, leading to resource exhaustion and system reloads. Which of the following BEST describe this type of attack? (Choose two.) but had trouble accessing the department share until the next day.✑ The user is now getting notifications from the bank about unauthorized transactions. Which of the following attack vectors was MOST likely used in this scenario? A. Rogue access point B. Evil twin C. DNS poisoning D. ARP poisoning A Correct answer- A host was infected with malware. During the incident response, Joe, a user, reported that he did not receive any emails with links, but he had been browsing theInternet all day. Which of the following would MOST likely show where the malware originated? A. The DNS logs B. The web server logs C. The SIP traffic logs D. The SNMP logs A Correct answer- A recently discovered zero-day exploit utilizes an unknown vulnerability in the SMB network protocol to rapidly infect computers. Once infected, computers are encrypted and held for ransom. Which of the following would BEST prevent this attack from reoccurring? A. Configure the perimeter firewall to deny inbound external connections to SMB ports. B. Ensure endpoint detection and response systems are alerting on suspicious SMB connections. C. Deny unauthenticated users access to shared network folders. D. Verify computers are set to install monthly operating system, updates automatically. C Correct answer- Joe, an employee, receives an email stating he won the lottery. The email includes a link that requests a name, mobile phone number, address, and date of birth be provided to confirm Joe's identity before sending him the prize. Which of the following BEST describes this type of email? A. Spear phishing B. Whaling C. Phishing D. Vishing A Correct answer- Which of the following refers to applications and systems that are used within an organization without consent or approval? A. Shadow IT B. OSINT C. Dark web D. Insider threats A Correct answer- A manufacturer creates designs for very high security products that are required to be protected and controlled by the government regulations. These designs are not accessible by corporate networks or the Internet. Which of the following is the BEST solution to protect these designs? A. An air gap B. A Faraday cage C. A shielded cable D. A demilitarized zone D Correct answer- A company processes highly sensitive data and senior management wants to protect the sensitive data by utilizing classification labels. Which of the following access control schemes would be BEST for the company to implement? A. Discretionary B. Rule-based C. Role-based D. Mandatory C Correct answer- Which of the following policies would help an organization identify and mitigate potential single points of failure in the company's IT/security operations? A. Least privilege B. Awareness training C. Separation of duties D. Mandatory vacation A Correct answer- Which of the following would be the BEST method for creating a detailed diagram of wireless access points and hotspots? A. Footprinting B. White-box testing C. A drone/UAV D. Pivoting AB Correct answer- A user enters a password to log in to a workstation and is then prompted to enter an authentication code. Which of the following MFA factors or attributes are being utilized in the authentication process? (Choose two.) A. Something you know B. Something you have C. Somewhere you are D. Someone you know E. Something you are F. Something you can do A Correct answer- When selecting a technical solution for identity management, an architect chooses to go from an in-house solution to a third-party SaaS provider. Which of the following risk management strategies is this an example of? A. Transference B. Avoidance C. Acceptance D. Mitigation D Correct answer- A website developer is working on a new e-commerce website and has asked an information security expert for the most appropriate way to store credit card numbers to create an easy reordering process. Which of the following methods would BEST accomplish this goal? A. Salting the magnetic strip information B. Encrypting the credit card information in transit C. Hashing the credit card numbers upon entry D. Tokenizing the credit cards in the database C Correct answer- A company recently experienced a data breach and the source was determined to be an executive who was charging a phone in a public area. Which of the following would MOST likely have prevented this breach? A. A firewall B. A device pin C. A USB data blocker D. Biometrics C Correct answer- An analyst visits an Internet forum looking for information about a tool. The analyst finds a thread that appears to contain relevant information. One of the posts says the following: D. Technical A Correct answer- Which of the following describes the BEST approach for deploying application patches? A. Apply the patches to systems in a testing environment, then to systems in a staging environment, and finally to production systems. B. Test the patches in a staging environment, develop against them in the development environment, and then apply them to the production systems. C. Test the patches in a test environment, apply them to the production systems, and then apply them to a staging environment. D. Apply the patches to the production systems, apply them in a staging environment, and then test all of them in a testing environment. E Correct answer- A security analyst is investigating an incident that was first reported as an issue connecting to network shares and the Internet. While reviewing logs and tool output, the analyst sees the following: (SEE IMAGE) Which of the following attacks has occurred? A. IP conflict B. Pass-the-hash C. MAC flooding D. Directory traversal E. ARP poisoning D Correct answer- After entering a username and password, an administrator must draw a gesture on a touch screen. Which of the following demonstrates what the administrator is providing? A. Multifactor authentication B. Something you can do C. Biometrics D. Two-factor authentication D Correct answer- An organization suffered an outage, and a critical system took 90 minutes to come back online. Though there was no data loss during the outage, the expectation was that the critical system would be available again within 60 minutes. Which of the following is the 60-minute expectation an example of? A. MTBF B. RPO C. MTTR D. RTO C Correct answer- Joe, a user at a company, clicked an email links that led to a website that infected his workstation. Joe was connected to the network, and the virus spread to the network shares. The protective measures failed to stop this virus, and it has continued to evade detection. Which of the following should a security administrator implement to protect the environment from this malware? A. Install a definition-based antivirus. B. Implement an IDS/IPS C. Implement a heuristic behavior-detection solution. D. Implement CASB to protect the network shares. C Correct answer- An organization is concerned that its hosted web servers are not running the most updated version of the software. Which of the following would work BEST to help identify potential vulnerabilities? A. hping3 -S comptia.org -p 80 B. nc -l -v comptia.org -p 80 C. nmap comptia.org -p 80 -sV D. nslookup -port=80 comptia.org D Correct answer- A retail executive recently accepted a job with a major competitor. The following week, a security analyst reviews the security logs and identifies successful logon attempts to access the departed executive's accounts. Which of the following security practices would have addressed the issue? A. A non-disclosure agreement B. Least privilege C. An acceptable use policy D. Offboarding A Correct answer- A security analyst is performing a forensic investigation involving compromised account credentials. Using the Event Viewer, the analyst was able to detect the following message: "Special privileges assigned to new logon." Several of these messages did not have a valid logon associated with the user before these privileges were assigned. Which of the following attacks is MOST likely being detected? A. Pass-the-hash attack B. Buffer overflow C. Cross-site scripting D. Session replay B Correct answer- A systems administrator needs to implement an access control scheme that will allow an object's access policy to be determined by its owner. Which of the following access control schemes BEST fits the requirements? A. Role-based access control B. Discretionary access control C. Mandatory access control D. Attribute-based access control B Correct answer- A cybersecurity analyst reviews the log files from a web server and sees a series of files that indicate a directory-traversal attack has occurred. Which of the following is the analyst MOST likely seeing? A. http://sample.url.com/script Please-Visit-Our-Phishing-Site script B. http://sample.url.com/someotherpageonsite/../../../etc/shadow C. http://sample.url.com/select-from-database-where-password-null D. http://redirect.sameple.url.sampleurl.com/malicious-dns-redirect D Correct answer- A company has limited storage space available and an online presence that cannot be down for more than four hours. Which of the following backup methodologies should the company implement to allow for the FASTEST database restore time in the event of a failure, while being mindful of the limited available storage space? A. Implement full tape backups every Sunday at 8:00 p.m. and perform nightly tape rotations. B. Implement differential backups every Sunday at 8:00 p.m. and nightly incremental backups at 8:00 p.m. C. Implement nightly full backups every Sunday at 8:00 p.m. D. Implement full backups every Sunday at 8:00 p.m. and nightly differential backups at 8:00 p.m. B. Generate a CSR. (Certificate Signing Request) C. Create a CRL. (Certificate Revocation List) D. Generate a .pfx file. C Correct answer- Under GDPR, which of the following is MOST responsible for the protection of privacy and website user rights? A. The data protection officer B. The data processor C. The data owner D. The data controller A Correct answer- A small business just recovered from a ransomware attack against its file servers by purchasing the decryption keys from the attackers. The issue was triggered by a phishing email and the IT administrator wants to ensure it does not happen again. Which of the following should the IT administrator do FIRST after recovery? A. Scan the NAS for residual or dormant malware and take new daily backups that are tested on a frequent basis. B. Restrict administrative privileges and patch all systems and applications. C. Rebuild all workstations and install new antivirus software. D. Implement application whitelisting and perform user application hardening. D Correct answer- A global pandemic is forcing a private organization to close some business units and reduce staffing at others. Which of the following would be BEST to help the organization's executives determine their next course of action? A. An incident response plan B. A communications plan C. A disaster recovery plan D. A business continuity plan B Correct answer- Which of the following describes the ability of code to target a hypervisor from inside a guest OS? A. Fog computing B. VM escape C. Software-defined networking D. Image forgery E. Container breakout A Correct answer- After a ransomware attack, a forensics company needs to review a cryptocurrency transaction between the victim and the attacker. Which of the following will the company MOST likely review to trace this transaction? A. The public ledger (record keeping system) B. The NetFlow data C. A checksum D. The event log D Correct answer- During an incident response, a security analyst observes the following log entry on the web server: (SEE IMAGE) Which of the following BEST describes the type of attack the analyst is experiencing? A. SQL injection B. Cross-site scripting C. Pass-the-hash D. Directory traversal C Correct answer- Which of the following ISO standards is certified for privacy? A. ISO 9001 B. ISO 27002 C. ISO 27701 D. ISO 31000 C Correct answer- A document that appears to be malicious has been discovered in an email that was sent to a company's Chief Financial Officer (CFO). Which of the following would be BEST to allow a security analyst to gather information and confirm it is a malicious document without executing any code it may contain? A. Open the document on an air-gapped network. B. View the document's metadata for origin clues. C. Search for matching file hashes on malware websites. D. Detonate the document in an analysis sandbox. B Correct answer- A security analyst is running a vulnerability scan to check for missing patches during a suspected security incident. During which of the following phases of the response process is this activity MOST likely occurring? A. Containment B. Identification C. Recovery D. Preparation A Correct answer- Which of the following is a team of people dedicated to testing the effectiveness of organizational security programs by emulating the techniques of potential attackers? A. Red team B. White team C. Blue team D. Purple team B Correct answer- A security analyst discovers that a company's username and password database was posted on an Internet forum. The usernames and passwords are stored in plain text. Which of the following would mitigate the damage done by this type of data exfiltration in the future? A. Create DLP controls that prevent documents from leaving the network. B. Implement salting and hashing. C. Configure the web content filter to block access to the forum. D. Increase password complexity requirements. AC Correct answer- Which of the following are requirements that must be configured for PCI DSS compliance? (Choose two.) A. Testing security systems and processes regularly B. Installing and maintaining a web proxy to protect cardholder data C. Assigning a unique ID to each person with computer access D. Encrypting transmission of cardholder data across private networks E. Benchmarking security awareness training for contractors F. Using vendor-supplied default passwords for system passwords C Correct answer- A security analyst needs to be proactive in understanding the types of attacks that could potentially target the company's executives. Which of the following intelligence sources should the security analyst review? A. Vulnerability feeds B. Trusted automated exchange of indicator information C. Structured threat information expression (STIX) D. Industry information-sharing and collaboration groups Which of the following mitigations would be BEST for the security manager to implement while maintaining alerting capabilities? A. Segmentation B. Firewall whitelisting C. Containment D. Isolation B Correct answer- Which of the following allows for functional test data to be used in new systems for testing and training purposes to protect the real data? A. Data encryption B. Data masking C. Data deduplication D. Data minimization A Correct answer- A consultant is configuring a vulnerability scanner for a large, global organization in multiple countries. The consultant will be using a service account to scan systems with administrative privileges on a weekly basis, but there is a concern that hackers could gain access to the account and pivot throughout the global network. Which of the following would be BEST to help mitigate this concern? A. Create different accounts for each region, each configured with push MFA notifications. B. Create one global administrator account and enforce Kerberos authentication. C. Create different accounts for each region, limit their logon times, and alert on risky logins. D. Create a guest account for each region, remember the last ten passwords, and block password reuse. B Correct answer- A software developer needs to perform code-execution testing, black-box testing, and non-functional testing on a new product before its general release. Which of the following BEST describes the tasks the developer is conducting? A. Verification B. Validation C. Normalization D. Staging D Correct answer- A security analyst is configuring a large number of new company- issued laptops. The analyst received the following requirements: ✑ The devices will be used internationally by staff who travel extensively. ✑ Occasional personal use is acceptable due to the travel requirements. ✑ Users must be able to install and configure sanctioned programs and productivity suites. ✑ The devices must be encrypted. ✑ The devices must be capable of operating in low-bandwidth environments. Which of the following would provide the GREATEST benefit to the security posture of the devices? A. Configuring an always-on VPN B. Implementing application whitelisting C. Requiring web traffic to pass through the on-premises content filter D. Setting the antivirus DAT update schedule to weekly B Correct answer- An organization has decided to host its web application and database in the cloud. Which of the following BEST describes the security concerns for this decision? A. Access to the organization's servers could be exposed to other cloud-provider clients. B. The cloud vendor is a new attack vector within the supply chain. C. Outsourcing the code development adds risk to the cloud provider. D. Vendor support will cease when the hosting platforms reach EOL. Hide Solution Discussion 2 C Correct answer- An organization that is located in a flood zone is MOST likely to document the concerns associated with the restoration of IT operations in a: A. business continuity plan. B. communications plan. C. disaster recovery plan. D. continuity of operations plan. D Correct answer- A user received an SMS on a mobile phone that asked for bank details. Which of the following social-engineering techniques was used in this case? A. SPIM B. Vishing C. Spear phishing D. Smishing A Correct answer- Company engineers regularly participate in a public Internet forum with other engineers throughout the industry. Which of the following tactics would an attacker MOST likely use in this scenario? A. Watering-hole attack B. Credential harvesting C. Hybrid warfare D. Pharming CE Correct answer- Which of the following will provide the BEST physical security countermeasures to stop intruders? (Choose two.) A. Alarms B. Signage C. Lighting D. Mantraps E. Fencing F. Sensors D Correct answer- A security analyst is looking for a solution to help communicate to the leadership team the severity levels of the organization's vulnerabilities. Which of the following would BEST meet this need? A. CVE B. SIEM C. SOAR D. CVSS D Correct answer- A security incident may have occurred on the desktop PC of an organization's Chief Executive Officer (CEO). A duplicate copy of the CEO's hard drive must be stored securely to ensure appropriate forensic processes and the chain of custody are followed. Which of the following should be performed to accomplish this task? A. Install a new hard drive in the CEO's PC, and then remove the old hard drive and place it in a tamper-evident bag. B. Connect a write blocker to the hard drive. Then, leveraging a forensic workstation, utilize the dd command in a live Linux environment to create a duplicate copy. C. Remove the CEO's hard drive from the PC, connect to the forensic workstation, and copy all the contents onto a remote file share while the CEO watches. D. Refrain from completing a forensic analysis of the CEO's hard drive until after the incident is confirmed; duplicating the hard drive at this stage could destroy evidence. C. A hacktivist D. An advanced persistent threat B Correct answer- A security analyst has received an alert about PII being sent via email. The analyst's Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) has made it clear that PII must be handled with extreme care. From which of the following did the alert MOST likely originate? A. S/MIME B. DLP C. IMAP D. HIDS B Correct answer- An enterprise has hired an outside security firm to conduct penetration testing on its network and applications. The firm has been given all the developers documentation about the internal architecture. Which of the following BEST represents the type of testing that will occur? A. Bug bounty B. White-box C. Black-box D. Gray-box CD Correct answer- A security engineer has enabled two-factor authentication on all workstations. Which of the following approaches are the MOST secure? (Choose two.) A. Password and security question B. Password and CAPTCHA C. Password and smart card D. Password and fingerprint E. Password and one-time token F. Password and voice D Correct answer- A security analyst needs to determine how an attacker was able to use User3 to gain a foothold within a company's network. The company's lockout policy requires that an account be locked out for a minimum of 15 minutes after three unsuccessful attempts. While reviewing the log files, the analyst discovers the following: 3/16/20 3:31:10 AM Audit Failure: CompanyNetwork\User1 Unknown username or bad password 3/16/20 3:31:11 AM Audit Failure: CompanyNetwork\User1 Unknown username or bad password 3/16/20 3:31:12 AM Audit Failure: CompanyNetwork\User1 Unknown username or bad password 3/16/20 3:31:13 AM Audit Failure: CompanyNetwork\User1 Account locked out. 3/16/20 3:31:14 AM Audit Failure: CompanyNetwork\User2 Unknown username or bad password 3/16/20 3:31:15 AM Audit Failure: CompanyNetwork\User2 Unknown username or bad password 3/16/20 3:31:16 AM Audit Failure: CompanyNetwork\User2 Unknown username or bad password 3/16/20 3:31:18 AM Audit Failure: CompanyNetwork\User2 Account locked out. 3/16/20 3:31:19 AM Audit Failure: CompanyNetwork\User3 Unknown username or bad password 3/16/20 3:31:20 AM Audit Failure: CompanyNetwork\User3 Unknown username or bad password 3/16/20 3:31:22 AM Audit Failure: CompanyNetwork\User3 Successful logon. Which of the following attacks MOST likely occurred? A. Dictionary B. Credential-stuffing C. Password-spraying D. Brute-force C Correct answer- Which of the following technical controls is BEST suited for the detection and prevention of buffer overflows on hosts? A. DLP B. HIDS C. EDR D. NIPS B Correct answer- A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is concerned about the organization's ability to continue business operations in the event of a prolonged DDoS attack on its local datacenter that consumes database resources. Which of the following will the CISO MOST likely recommend to mitigate this risk? A. Upgrade the bandwidth available into the datacenter. B. Implement a hot-site failover location. C. Switch to a complete SaaS offering to customers. D. Implement a challenge response test on all end-user queries. D Correct answer- A local coffee shop runs a small WiFi hotspot for its customers that utilizes WPA2-PSK. The coffee shop would like to stay current with security trends and wants to implement WPA3 to make its WiFi even more secure. Which of the following technologies will the coffee shop MOST likely use in place of PSK? A. WEP B. MSCHAP C. WPS D. SAE BD Correct answer- A company is designing the layout of a new datacenter so it will have an optimal environmental temperature. Which of the following must be included? (Choose two.) A. An air gap B. A cold aisle C. Removable doors D. A hot aisle E. An IoT thermostat F. A humidity monitor C Correct answer- Which of the following will MOST likely cause machine learning and AI-enabled systems to operate with unintended consequences? A. Stored procedures B. Buffer overflows C. Data bias D. Code reuse B Correct answer- The process of passively gathering information prior to launching a cyberattack is called: A. tailgating. B. reconnaissance. C. pharming. D. prepending. BE Correct answer- During a routine scan of a wireless segment at a retail company, a security administrator discovers several devices are connected to the network that do not match the company's naming convention and are not in the asset inventory. WiFi access is protected with 256-bit encryption via WPA2. Physical access to the company's facility requires two-factor authentication using a badge and a passcode. Which of the following should the administrator implement to find and remediate the issue? (Choose two.) A. Check the SIEM for failed logins to the LDAP directory.