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C836 - FUNDAMENTALS OF INFORMATION
SECURITY (200 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS) 2024 LATEST UPDATED
GRADED A+
Which cybersecurity term is defined as the potential for an attack on a resource? A Impact B Vulnerability C Risk D Threat - PRECISE ANSWER D Which security type deliberately exposes a system's vulnerabilities or resources to an attacker? A Intrusion detection B Firewalls C Honeypots D Intrusion prevention - PRECISE ANSWER C Which tool can be used to map devices on a network, along with their operating system types and versions? A Packet sniffer B Packet filter C Port scanner D Stateful firewall - PRECISE ANSWER C Which web attack is a server-side attack? A Clickjacking B Cross-site scripting C SQL injection D Cross-site request forgery - PRECISE ANSWER C
An organization employs a VPN to safeguard its information. Which security principle is protected by a VPN? A Data in motion B Data at rest C Data in use D Data in storage - PRECISE ANSWER A A malicious hacker was successful in a denial of service (DoS) attack against an institution's mail server. Fortunately, no data was lost or altered while the server was offline. Which type of attack is this? A Modification B Fabrication C Interception D Interruption - PRECISE ANSWER D A company has had several successful denial of service (DoS) attacks on its email server. Which security principle is being attacked? A Possession B Integrity C Confidentiality D Availability - PRECISE ANSWER D A new start-up company has started working on a social networking website. The company has moved all its source code to a cloud provider and wants to protect this source code from unauthorized access. Which cyber defense concept should the start-up company use to maintain the confidentiality of its source code? A Alarm systems B Account permissions C Antivirus software D File encryption - PRECISE ANSWER D
A Availability B Confidentiality C Utility D Integrity - PRECISE ANSWER B At a small company, an employee makes an unauthorized data alteration. Which component of the CIA triad has been compromised? A Confidentiality B Authenticity C Integrity D Availability - PRECISE ANSWER C An organization plans to encrypt data in transit on a network. Which aspect of data is the organization attempting to protect? A Integrity B Possession C Availability D Authenticity - PRECISE ANSWER A Which aspect of the CIA triad is violated by an unauthorized database rollback or undo? A Availability B Identification C Integrity D Confidentiality - PRECISE ANSWER C A company's website has suffered several denial of service (DoS) attacks and wishes to thwart future attacks. Which security principle is the company addressing? A Availability B Authenticity C Confidentiality D Possession - PRECISE ANSWER A
An organization has a requirement that all database servers and file servers be configured to maintain operations in the presence of a failure. Which principle of the CIA triad is this requirement implementing? A Utility B Integrity C Availability D Confidentiality - PRECISE ANSWER C A company's IT policy manual states that "All company computers, workstations, application servers, and mobile devices must have current versions of antivirus software." Which principle or concept of cybersecurity does this policy statement impact? A Accounting policy B Operating system security C Access control policy D Physical security - PRECISE ANSWER B An organization's procedures document states that "All electronic communications should be encrypted during transmission across networks using encryption standards specified in the data encryption policy." Which security principle is this policy addressing? A Interruption B Confidentiality C Control D Availability - PRECISE ANSWER B A company's website policy states that "To gain access to the corporate website, each employee must provide a valid user name and password, and then answer one of six security questions accurately." Which type of security does the policy address?
An accounting firm stores financial data for many customers. The company policy requires that employees only access data for customers they are assigned to. The company implements a written policy indicating an employee can be fired for violating this requirement. Which type of control has the company implemented? A Deterrent B Active C Preventive D Detective - PRECISE ANSWER A How can an operating system be hardened in accordance to the principle of least privilege? A Implement account auditing. B Remove unneeded services. C Restrict account permissions. D Remove unnecessary software. - PRECISE ANSWER C A company implements an Internet-facing web server for its sales force to review product information. The sales force can also update its profiles and profile photos, but not the product information. There is no other information on this server. Which content access permissions should be granted to the sales force based on the principle of least privilege? A Read and limited write access B Read and write access C Limited write access only D Limited read access only - PRECISE ANSWER A A corporation has discovered that some confidential personnel information has been used inappropriately. How can the principle of least privilege be applied to limit access to confidential personnel records? A Only allow access to those with elevated security permissions.
B Only allow access to department heads and executives. C Only allow access to those who need access to perform their job. D Only allow access to those who work in the human resources department. - PRECISE ANSWER C A user runs an application that has been infected with malware that is less than 24 hours old. The malware then infects the operating system. Which safeguard should be implemented to prevent this type of attack? A Install the latest security updates. B Uninstall unnecessary software. C Modify the default user accounts. D Limit user account privileges. - PRECISE ANSWER D A company was the victim of a security breach resulting in stolen user credentials. An attacker used a stolen username and password to log in to an employee email account. Which security practice could have reduced the post-breach impact of this event? A Multi-factor authentication B Operating system hardening C Network segmentation D Mutual authentication - PRECISE ANSWER A A module in a security awareness course shows a user making use of two- factor authentication using a hardware token. Which security failure is being addressed by this training module? A Tailgating B Pretexting C Malware infections D Weak passwords - PRECISE ANSWER D Which tool should an application developer use to help identify input validation vulnerabilities?
A Network B Physical C Operating system D Application - PRECISE ANSWER B An organization wants to minimize the impact of user credential theft by ensuring that only HR staff can access employee personal information. Which security mechanism should it implement? A Apply the principle of least privilege. B Apply the latest software patches. C Remove all unnecessary services. D Turn on logging and auditing. - PRECISE ANSWER A An organization wants to prevent malware from infecting its workstations, mobile devices, and web applications. Which security tool should it implement? A Antivirus B Fuzzer C Firewall D Scanner - PRECISE ANSWER A A small IT firm is required to authenticate remote customers who access the firm's network. Which protection technique should the IT firm employ to satisfy this requirement? A RAID B Data encryption C Certificates D File encryption - PRECISE ANSWER D A company has files stored on a server that are critical to the organization's viability. The administrator has assigned the appropriate permissions to the files.
How should the administrator provide additional confidentiality protection for the files at rest? A File compression B Network encryption C Network compression D File encryption - PRECISE ANSWER D Which security solution can an organization deploy to prevent unauthorized external access to its internal network? A VPN B Sniffer C Firewall D IDS - PRECISE ANSWER C A restaurant needs to protect its customers' credit card information. Which security standard should the restaurant follow? A FISMA B PCI DSS C SOX D FERPA - PRECISE ANSWER B In addition to a username and corresponding password, a desktop application asks users to submit a special code. This code is produced by an application running on the users' mobile phone. Which authentication technique is the phone application providing? A Something you have B Something you are C Something you know D Something you do - PRECISE ANSWER A Employees are required to swipe their access cards and then to use an iris scanner to access protected areas in the company's data center. Which two authentication techniques are used to protect the data center?
Which component of the CIA triad has been compromised? A Confidentiality B Integrity B Availability D Authenticity - PRECISE ANSWER B Which component of the CIA triad will be impacted if an attacker cuts network cables? A Availability B Confidentiality C Authenticity D Integrity - PRECISE ANSWER A A bank wants to ensure user interactions with the online banking website are confidential. Which security solution should be implemented? A SSH/FTP B AES C SSL/TLS D VPN - PRECISE ANSWER C What is an example of symmetric key encryption? A MD B RSA C AES D ECC - PRECISE ANSWER C Which asymmetric cryptographic algorithm can provide confidentiality for data in motion? A AES B MD C RSA D 3DES - PRECISE ANSWER C
A company has just completed an audit of disaster protection strategies. The company has decided it must keep and be able to retrieve backup data for a period of 30 years. The company has implemented tape backups using 8mm digital audio tapes. Which factor could impact the company's ability to access information from the backup tapes? A Tape access speed B Technical obsolescence C Reading tape header D Network speed - PRECISE ANSWER B A military installation is evaluating backup solutions for its critical data. This installation operates in a harsh environment that is subjected to heat, humidity, and magnetic fields. Which physical media should be selected to ensure the integrity of backups is preserved given these harsh operating conditions? A Optical media B Flash drives C Tape media D Hard drives - PRECISE ANSWER B A university research group wants to collect data on animals that are native to southern Arizona, which is a hot, dry region. They plan to camp in tents for the summer at the edge of a national park and to use optical media to backup photos and research notes. Which physical or environmental factor may damage their optical media? A Humidity B Temperature C Magnetic fields D Electric shocks - PRECISE ANSWER B In the system room of a small company, an emergency power shut-down switch was installed right next to a light switch. As a result, employees sometimes shut down the power accidentally when they leave the data center.
B Integrity C Possession D Authenticity - PRECISE ANSWER C A company is concerned about potential phishing attacks through email. As a result, a new company policy dictates that all email must be digitally signed before it is sent to any customers or partners. Which security principle that is part of Parkerian hexad but not part of the CIA triad is precipitating this policy change? A Confidentiality B Authenticity C Control D Utility - PRECISE ANSWER B Which two principles of the CIA triad can be violated by a fabrication attack? A Integrity and authenticity B Integrity and availability C Confidentiality and integrity D Confidentiality and availability - PRECISE ANSWER B Which two principles of the CIA triad can be violated by an interruption attack? A Confidentiality and availability B Confidentiality and integrity C Integrity and availability D Integrity and authenticity - PRECISE ANSWER C Which attack category targets the confidentiality of data? A Interruption B Modification C Interception D Fabrication - PRECISE ANSWER C
A bank website accepts online loan applications. It requires applicants to review and sign a disclosure document explaining the organization's information sharing practices. Which federal law protects consumer's financial information? A SOX B GLBA C FERPA D HIPAA - PRECISE ANSWER B A retail store has hired a third party to audit its computer and network systems that process credit card payments. Which industry standard is the retail store addressing? A FERPA B HIPAA C SOX D PCI DSS - PRECISE ANSWER D In order to continue processing credit card payments, a retail store arranges for an external auditor to perform regular external and internal vulnerability scans. Which regulation are they addressing? A GLBA B PCI DSS C FCRA D HIPAA - PRECISE ANSWER B A hospital allows its patients to pay by credit card. Which set of regulations apply to the hospital's operations? A HIPAA and FCRA B FERPA and PCI DSS C HIPAA and PCI DSS D FERPA and HITECH - PRECISE ANSWER C
D Identify threats E Mitigate risks - PRECISE ANSWER B The Interception attack type most commonly affects which principle(s) of the CIA triad? A Integrity and Availability B Confidentiality and Integrity C Availability D Integrity E Confidentiality - PRECISE ANSWER E The Fabrication attack type most commonly affects which principle(s) of the CIA triad? A Availability B Integrity C Confidentiality D Integrity and Availability E Confidentiality and Integrity - PRECISE ANSWER D Controls that protect the systems, networks, and environments that process, transmit, and store our data are called _______. A Physical controls B Logical controls C Administrative controls - PRECISE ANSWER B During what phase of the incident response process do we determine what happened, why it happened, and what we can do to keep it from happening again? A Containment B Detection and Analysis C Preparation D Post-incident Activity E Recovery - PRECISE ANSWER D The biometric characteristic that measures how well a factor resists change over time and with advancing age is called __________.
A Collectability B Acceptability C Universality D Uniqueness E Permanence - PRECISE ANSWER E What type of authentication can prevent a man-in-the-middle attack? A Something you know B Something you are C Something you do D Multifactor E Mutual - PRECISE ANSWER E A badge or token is considered what type of authentication? A Something you are B Something you have C Something you know D Where you are E Something you do - PRECISE ANSWER B The set of methods we use to establish a claim of identity as being true is called ______. A Authentication B Authorization C Identification D Identify verification - PRECISE ANSWER A A fingerprint is considered what type of authentication? A Something you know B Something you have C Something you are D Something you do E Where you are - PRECISE ANSWER C A password or PIN is considered what type of authentication?
