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In what phase does the analyst deal with the following: Estimate/project future values or likelihood of an event. Extend correlations found in EDA to mathematical models Predict/determine output values based on input values Cross-validation of predictive models to ensure accuracy. - Correct Answer :...✔✔Predictive Modeling/Data Modeling/Correlation based models/Regression models/Time Series In what phase does the analyst deal with the following: Creating training and testing datasets to build models from Identify/detect patterns Determine if groups (clusters) exist in data Classify data into groups Create models that "learn" and improve (e.g., machine/deep learning, AI, etc) - Correct Answer :...✔✔Data Mining/Machine Learning/AI/Supervised, Unsupervised Models In what phase does the analyst deal with the following: Tell a story with data Provide a summary of analytic analysis Provide insights to stakeholders Create insightful graphs that showcase trends and forecasts - Correct Answer :...✔✔Reporting and visualization/Dashboards
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What is a potential problem in the data acquisition/query/collection step? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Quality and type of data may make access more difficult What are two potential problems in the Data Cleaning/Wrangling step? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Some cleaning techniques could dramatically change data/outcomes Outliers not dealt with can cause problems with statistical models due to excessive variability. What is a potential problem in the data exploration/descriptive statistics step? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Skipping this step could enable faulty perceptions of the data which hurt advanced analytics. What are potential problems in the Predictive Modeling step? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Too many input variables (predictors) can cause problems Correlation does not imply causation. Time series models often need sufficient time data to offer precise trending. Predictive model accuracy should be assessed using cross-validation. What is a potential problem in the data mining/supervised models step? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Running on entire data is problematic; need to subset data into training and testing datasets to build models.
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What is a project sponsor? - Correct Answer :...✔✔The project sponsor is responsible for identifying a project topic/scope that is well aligned with the strengths of the data analytics project and for providing access to necessary data and key support staff for continued project progress monitoring and timely feedback. The project sponsor is essential to a project as without their support, a data analytic project can promptly hinder progress or completion. What does a program manager do? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Make hiring decisions Functional manager Solidify day-to-day activities needed for completing the project on time What are the three points of the "Iron Triangle"? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Quality Cost Time What are critical path activities? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Critical path activities are the project tasks that must start and finish on time to ensure that the project ends on schedule. Timely communication is vital to a project, and what applications are available for such a thing? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Slack Teams
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Jira What is a very important privacy law put into place by the European Union that will likely be on the test? - Correct Answer :...✔✔GDPR - General Data Protection Regulation Read this IRAC story snippet. What step in the IRAC process is being performed? "Target knew intimate data about a person based on shopping habits" - Correct Answer :...✔✔Issue - the legal issue to be discussed Read this IRAC story snippet. What step in the IRAC process is being performed? "Privacy laws inhibit the use of personal information for corporate use" - Correct Answer :...✔✔Rule - state the relevant case laws and statutes Read this IRAC story snippet. What step in the IRAC process is being performed? "Since it was based solely on shopping patterns and not private information, there was no legal breach or violation" - Correct Answer :...✔✔Application - Apply relevant rules/laws to the facts that created the issue Read this IRAC story snippet. What step in the IRAC process is being performed? "There may have not been a legal violation, but it was still highly unethical." - Correct Answer :...✔✔Conclusion - State the most likely conclusions using the logic of the application section and whether there has been a violation
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What are three things to remember when scraping data? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Respect privacy Respect copyright Visible doesn't mean open What are three ways to collect data? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Natural observation Formal interviews Surveys Which of these is NOT a topic of interest for Discovery/Planning/Business Understanding? A. Project Scope B. Identify stakeholders and research questions/KPIs C. Build a data pipeline (ETL) D. Identify timeline, budget, and participants - Correct Answer :...✔✔C What is a potential problem to consider in the planning phase? A. Lack of clear focus on stakeholders, timeline, limitations, and budget B. Quality and type of data may make access more difficult C. Some cleaning techniques could dramatically change data/outcomes D. Outliers not dealt with can cause problems with statistical models due to excessive variability. - Correct Answer :...✔✔A In what phase does the analyst identify the stake holders and research questions? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Business Understanding/Planning/Discovery In what phase does the analyst deal with the following:
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Gather/collect data from a variety of sources Provide structure to data accessible via relational databases (SQL) Build data pipeline (ETL) Use of API to download data from an external source - Correct Answer :...✔✔Data acquisition In what phase does the analyst deal with the following: Fixing improperly formatted values Dealing with duplicates, missing data, and outliers Data reduction - Correct Answer :...✔✔Data cleaning/wrangling/scrubbing/munging In what phase does the analyst deal with the following: Central Tendency/ Measures of center (e.g., mean, median, mode), variability (e.g., standard deviations and quartiles) and distributions (e.g., normal, skewed, etc) Identify basic correlations between variables Pattern discovery - Correct Answer :...✔✔Data exploration/Exploratory Data Analysis(EDA)/Descriptive Statistics What are three benefits to self-generated data? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Millions of variations and trials Can create scenarios that humans wouldn't Needed for creating rules What is Bayes' Theorem? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Diagnosis is based on probabilities
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What does the role of research lead include? - Correct Answer :...✔✔From the business side Leads research of data Identify key problems Knows the most about the business Actions they take: Find assumptions Drive questions - Is there a better way? Know the business What does the role of project manager include? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Get data to the org Clear hurdles Makes insights actionable Communicates results to others Helps team focus on the purpose of the data Representing the team at meetings What are the most important drivers to a data analyst's team? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Questions What is the "Medici effect"? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Crossing diverse opinions positively affect other opinions What is the main reason projects fail? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Inadequate sponsor support
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What three factors are stakeholders mapped by? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Urgency Power Involvement What three aspects of the project are NON NEGOTIABLE? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Quality Cost Time Why is "Maybe" a terrible answer? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Because you didn't say yes, but that's what the client heard. What is a key driver for a project? - Correct Answer :...✔✔One of the three aspects of the iron triangle that is more important than the rest. Example: Time is the most important factor in obtaining someone's wedding cake. Quality and Cost can slip, but it HAS to be perfectly timed. How and where should the safety margin (halfway amount between average time completed and slowest possible time completed) be added? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Spread throughout the critical path If you're needing to crash a project (speed up the project to get it done on schedule), what are three ways to do it? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Money up Quality down Overlapping tasks
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What is a technique used to identify unknown groupings among objects? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Clustering What technique utilizes decomposition to help break down different reasons for varying data? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Time Series What technique combines variables into meaningful groups? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Principal Component Analysis (PCA) For example, suppose a business gives a survey with 20 questions on customer service. The analyst might not want to analyze each individual question but rather consider the overall sentiment of the survey. The analyst might perform a PCA and see that the 20 questions group into 3 groupings (e.g., ease of effort, issue resolution, and respect). The analyst then could collapse the 20 data outcomes to just 3 and analyze these instead. What tool is used for data analysis and statistical modeling? - Correct Answer :...✔✔R What tool consists of many to use packages? - Correct Answer :...✔✔R Which tool poses problems handling very large datasets? - Correct Answer :...✔✔R ggplot2, tidyverse, caret are essential libraries of which tool? - Correct Answer :...✔✔R Which tool is best used for Data Science (Deep Learning/AI), Web Development, Embedded Systems - Correct Answer :...✔✔Python Which tool can easily perform matrix computation as well as optimization? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Python
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Which tool has programs that integrate with web-app for easy deployment? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Python Which tool can handle very large data easier? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Python What is used in order to connect relational tables? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Keys What software tool allows stakeholders to view and interact with the data? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Tableau What type of data would databases be categorized as? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Structured data What type of data would JSON, XML, Email, and Web pages be considered? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Semi-structured data What type of data would youtube videos and audio be considered? - Correct Answer :...✔✔Unstructured data For example businesses may be able to use a Twitter API to pull in Twitter data in what kind of format? What level of structure is the data? - Correct Answer :...✔✔JSON Semi-structured data
