Database Design and Development: A Practical Guide to Library Management System - Prof. Ch, Assignments of Database Management Systems (DBMS)

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Introduction

The project title library management system is the library management software for monitoring and controlling the transections in a library. The project library management is developed in visual studio using C#. In this report we are going to discussed about tool and techniques used during developing the application which is windows application. We are going to discuss about tables which we are prepared in MS SQL, database diagram, entity relationship (one to one, one to many, many to many), Normalization (1NF, 2NF, 3NF). We are also going to discuss about input and output form which are made in visual studio and Data validation (Client side validation and server side validation).

Database

Row and information or collection of data which is used to store, insert and delete the data efficiently is called database. It is also called skeleton of Application. It is use to organize the data in the form of table, views and reports etc. Using the database, we can easily store, insert and delete the information. Database contained by the system is knows as relational database.

Types of Database

 Hierarchical databases.  Network databases.  Relational databases.  Object-oriented databases.  Graph databases.

Microsoft SQL server

Microsoft Structure Query Language is the relational database management system, Designed and created by Microsoft. The main function of this program is to storing, receiving, managing the data and use to communicate with database. SQL is the complex language program which provides best platforms for data managements for applicants.

I used MS SQL 2014 Express Edition for designing database for library managements system. In MS SQL I created many tables such as Student, fee, author, Book and borrow. In such tables I stored the details of student, Author, Book and history of borrow. Using MS SQL I also created procedures for user interface. This software is easy to use and beneficial to create database management system for library.

MS Excel

Microsoft excel is the spreadsheet program developed by Microsoft for Windows. MS Excel is use to organize data, create chart, performs calculations, store and analyzed data. It allows to create large spreadsheets, references information and also allows for better storages of information. That’s why it is called well timed program. Spreadsheet is a paper ledge or grid made from rows and columns. I used MS Excel for Normalization. Normalization is method which reduces data redundancy. I made three types of normalization in excel they are first normal form (1N), second normal form (2N) and Third normal form (3N).

Technique used in designing database

For designing database I used MS SQL software. There are many technique and I used simple technique in MS SQL for creating different tables and stores many details in such created tables. In order to create tables I used classis queries which are related to the database.

Tables in Database

The basic building block of database is table which store related data. In order to create tables in database I used many data type and also join two or more tables. Tables consists rows and columns. In MS SQL I used “Create Table” Statement to create a table. For example: Create Table [Table Name]. For the library Management System I created seven tables they are Student, Fees, Book, Author, BookType, Borrow and User.

Student

I created a student table in MS SQL and stored all the information of students. Student table contains nine columns, they are id, first name, last name, address, phone number, birthdate, class, gender and points. All the information of students are recorded in the column of student table according to the requirements of column. I connected student table with fee table using foreign key.

Fees

I created a table named fee. In the fee table four columns are made and name of each columns are id, student id, amount and remarks. This table stored information about the payment of all students.

Author

I created a table BookType and this table stored the information of book. BookType table contains the internal information about book that means behavior of book. BookType is connected with book table by using foreign key.

Borrow

I created borrow table and this table store the information about the book which are borrowed by the students. Also stored the points of books and taken date as well as brought date. Borrow table contains five column they are id, studentid , bookid, takendate and broughtdate.I used foreign key to connect the borrow table with student table and book table.

User

I created table name user and stored personal details of student. This table contain many columns they are Id, FirstName, LastName ,Gender, username, Email, password and user admin. Here password is encrypted and only known for the user. This table is created for user interface.

Database Diagram

The pictorial representation of created tables is called database diagram. It is the skeleton structure of tables that represents the logical view of entire database. Database diagram describe how the data is prepared and also describe the relation between the tables. It contains the table’s name, column’s name and how the connection of tables by using primary key which is golden in color.

table. Borrow table is connected with book table. BookId is foreign key and by using this key book table is connected with borrow table. The book table is connected with two table Author table and Booktype table. AuthorId and BooktypeId is the foreign key which is used to store the details of books and book’s author. And using this foreign key author table and Booktype table is connected with book table.

Entity Relationship Diagram

ER Diagram is also called Entity Relationship diagram which shows visual representation of data. It describe how the data is related to each other. In the ER diagram I distinguished the data into entities, attribute and also setup relation between entities. In order to setup relationship I used rectangular box, diamond shaped box and oval. Rectangular box represents an entity, Diamond box represents relation between entities and an oval represents the components of entity.

One to one relationship

In one to one relationship, one record in a table is connected with one and only one record in another table. For example one book has one type and can represented in one to one relation.

One to many relationship

In one to many relationship, one record in a table is connected with one or more records in another table. For example, in library management database one author can write many books. And it can be represented in one to many relation diagram.

Many to many relationship

A many-to-many relationship, multiple records in a table are associated with multiple records in another table. For example, in library management database many authors writes many books. And it can be represented in Many to many relation diagram.

System Requirements

Minimum System Requirements

Operating System: Windows 7 Processor: 1.8GHz Core 2 Duo RAM: 2GB Hard disk space: 20 GB

Recommended System Requirements

Operating System: Windows 10 Processor: 2.8GHz Inter Core i RAM: 4GB Hard disk space: 40 GB Supported Language: English

Input Output from the Library Management System

Login

Input: - In the login form user should entered their valid username and password in username textbook and password textbox.

Output: - After Registered it will give Information like “Registered Successfully”.

Student

Input: - In student form user should entered student’s details in Student Form. Output: - After entered student’s detail clicked save button then it gives information like “Save Successfully”.

Author

Book

Input: - In Book form user should entered details of book like book name, page count, point, book’s author and book type. Output: - After entered details of book, click save button then it gives information like “save successfully”.

BookType

Input: - In BookType form user should entered the type of book. Output:

- After entered type of book, click save button then it gives information like “Save Successfully”.