Database Normalization: Understanding Normal Forms and Data Integrity, Exams of Nursing

A comprehensive overview of database normalization, explaining the different normal forms (1nf, 2nf, 3nf, 4nf, bcnf) and their importance in maintaining data integrity. It delves into the concepts of functional dependencies, transitive dependencies, and data modification anomalies, illustrating how normalization helps to address these issues. The document also includes definitions of key terms related to database design and normalization, such as atomic values, candidate keys, and primary keys.

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2023/2024

Available from 12/14/2024

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Chapter 5 - MISY 5300
1NF (First Normal Form) - correct answer table is in this form when it does not contain repeating groups,
each column contains atomic values and no duplicate records
2NF - correct answer is a progression beyond 1NF that organizes the columns into smaller relation, no
partial dependencies
3NF - correct answer include rules of 2NF but also exclude transitive dependencies. - No transitive
dependencies exist
4NF - correct answer all requirements meet of 3NF
Further data integrity rules have been applied to remove all potential data modification anomalies
algoirthm - correct answer defined set of steps to solve a problem
atomic value - correct answer is a piece of data that cannot be meaningfully divided.
Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF) - correct answer A special type of third normal form (3NF) in which
every determinant is a candidate key
candidate key - correct answer An attribute, or combination of attributes, that uniquely identifies a row
in a relation.
Codd's 12 rules - correct answer defines what is required from a DBMS in order for it to be considered
relational
Codd's relational model of data - correct answer the original normalization process
composite key - correct answer An identifier consisting of a combination of
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Chapter 5 - MISY 5300

1NF (First Normal Form) - correct answer table is in this form when it does not contain repeating groups, each column contains atomic values and no duplicate records 2NF - correct answer is a progression beyond 1NF that organizes the columns into smaller relation, no partial dependencies 3NF - correct answer include rules of 2NF but also exclude transitive dependencies. - No transitive dependencies exist 4NF - correct answer all requirements meet of 3NF Further data integrity rules have been applied to remove all potential data modification anomalies algoirthm - correct answer defined set of steps to solve a problem atomic value - correct answer is a piece of data that cannot be meaningfully divided. Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF) - correct answer A special type of third normal form (3NF) in which every determinant is a candidate key candidate key - correct answer An attribute, or combination of attributes, that uniquely identifies a row in a relation. Codd's 12 rules - correct answer defines what is required from a DBMS in order for it to be considered relational Codd's relational model of data - correct answer the original normalization process composite key - correct answer An identifier consisting of a combination of

two or more fields that is used when more than one column is necessary to make a row unique in a table; also, an index with more than one key field. data modification anomalies - correct answer storing info from multiple topics in one list creates problems when entering, updating and deleting information. Three types, insertion, update and delete anomalies Deletion Anomaly - correct answer - unintended loss of data due to deletion of other data

  • Ex: If a professor retires, data with his name deletes creating data deleted about current students field - correct answer attribute, column foreign key field - correct answer is a column or group of columns in a relational database table that provides a link between data in two tables. functional dependence - correct answer idea of how attributes depend on or relate to other attributes in a relation. functionally dependent - correct answer Functional dependency is a relationship that exists when one attribute uniquely determines another attribute.
  • ex: idea of how attributes depend on or relate to other attributes in a relation. IIF (Access built-in- function) - correct answer to extract a number of characters from the right side of the field Insertion Anomaly - correct answer - if you cannot add data to the database due to absence of other data
  • Ex: If student does not have student ID can't be assigned to professor InStr (access built-in function) - correct answer to identify the location of the space character in the current field

repeating group - correct answer more than one value in an attribute (multiple entries) Right (Access built-in function) - correct answer to extract a number of characters from the right side of the field transitive dependency - correct answer - occur if a nonkey attribute determines another nonkey attribute · Ex: Department field is dependent on DepartmentID field tuple - correct answer A collection of related fields; can be thought of as a row in a table. Also called a record or row unnormalized - correct answer a description of data that doesn't meet the standards of 1NF

  • A random list of information with many potential data redundancy problems unnormalized relation - correct answer is a relation that contains repeating values, can also contain relations nested within other relations, as well as all kinds of transitive dependencies. update anomaly - correct answer marked by data inconsistencies that generally result from data redundancy but can occur if a record is only partially updated or is a particular field contains inappropriate null data. o Ex: if department name changes from Technology to Industrial Technology, things would nee to be changed to stay accurate