Diagnosis of the Week
Dx:Diabetes: when the body, the pancreas, is unable to produce insulin to properly regulate blood sugar
levels.
Type 1: an autoimmune condition where the body tries to destroy the insulin-producing cells in the
pancreas. This results to insulin deficiency. It is most common form in children.
Type 2: occurs when the body becomes resistant to the effects of insulin or fails to produce enough insulin
it needs.
Etiology:
Type 1: can be caused by genetics and environmental factors (like viral infections) that causes the
immune system to fight against the pancreas
Type 2: Mainly due to genetic (especially if there’s a family history) and lifestyle factors that lead to the
body being unable to use insulin properly.
Treatment:
Insulin: For type 1 patients they have to receive insulin (by injection or insulin pump). Insulin can
sometime but not always be used for type 2 diabetics.
Prognosis: Children are able to have a great outcome with proper and consistent management.
Developmental Implications:
Infants: Infants rely on consistent nurturing to develop trust, however frequent blood sugar checks (finger
pricks) and insulin shots can affect the infant and caregiver routine.
Toddler/Preschool: Children may feel that they have a lack of control especially if they are learning to be
independent and making their own choices. They may struggle with needing to choose specific foods that
they can and can’t eat.
School-Age: At this age children may feel inferior compared to their classmates because they have to go
to the nurse’s office or can’t participate in birthday parties.
Adolescent: Teens may want to “hide” their diabetes due to “fitting-in” with their peers. They
also may take risks that may affect their health (like eating foods that spikes their blood sugar or
skipping doses) just to feel “normal”.
Family Implications:
Caregiver Burden: Once the parent learns about the diagnosis, they now have the job it manages it. This
can also affect sleep cycles and frustration.
