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Name: ______________________________________ LM: ________________________
Student Exploration: Diffusion
Vocabulary: absolute zero, controlled experiment, diffusion, dynamic equilibrium, Kelvin scale, kinetic energy
Prior Knowledge Question (Do this BEFORE using the Gizmo.)
Have you ever smelled microwave popcorn? The oddly enticing scent can fill a whole house. How do you think the smell of popcorn spreads through the air?
it spreads because the popcorn scent has diffusion in it so the scent expands throughout the air
Gizmo Warm-up Smells are carried by tiny particles that move through the air. The Diffusion Gizmo shows gas particles in a chamber that is divided into two regions by a partial wall. Click Play ( ) and observe.
- Describe the motion of the gas particles.
They move in a straight line until they hit something and bounce off.
- Over time, what is happening? The particles X and Y are going up and down they keep fluctuating
This process, in which particles move from an area of high concentration (region A ) to an area of low concentration (region B ), is called diffusion.
- Select the BAR CHART tab, and observe the chart for a few minutes. After the first 30 seconds or so, how much do the numbers of particles in each region change? The gas particles are trying to become dynamic equilibrium but there numbers are changing from 24 to 27 When the numbers in each region become nearly equal, the particles are said to be in dynamic equilibrium.
- Click Pause ( ), and select the GRAPH tab. What does the graph tell you about the number of particles in region A? That there is 25 particles in region a
2 263sec 3 322sec 4 228 sec 5 224 sec Temp = 600 K experiment Trial Time to reach equilibrium 1 132sec 2 99sec 3 92sec 4 140sec 5 120sec
Activity A (continued from previous page)
- Calculate: Find the average time to reach equilibrium for each experiment: A. Average time to reach equilibrium at 100 K: 258.4 sec B. Average time to reach equilibrium at 600 K: 116.6 sec
- Draw conclusions: Compare the average times to reach equilibrium for each temperature. A. How did temperature affect the rate of diffusion? The higher the temperature the greater rate of diffusion B. Why do you think this was the case? I think it went faster because the higher the temperature, the faster the particles move when the temp was lower the particles would take a longer time to get below 55%
- Extend your thinking: Why do you think the experimental results were different for each trial? Because the particles do not move in the same direction every time so then the times would not be the same every time
Set-up B Wall _____85%__________ x in A _______100________ y in B ________0_______ Temp. _________100k______ Particle mass _______15amu________
4. Gather data: Use the Gizmo to fill in each table. As before, the “time to reach equilibrium” is
the time it takes for the number of x particles in region A to reach 55% or lower. Set-up A Trial Time to reach equilibrium 1 97 2 64 3 68 4 52 5 65
Set-up B Trial Time to reach equilibrium 1 388 2 590 3 355 4 472 5 415 (Activity B continued on next page)
- On your own: Investigate the remaining variables. Record all experimental results in your notes. Summarize your findings in the space below. My findings show that If the variable is manipulated it will affect the result of the diffusion
