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The solutions to problem 1 and problem 2 from the ece 6364 spring 2009 homework 11. Problem 1 deals with finding the transfer function of a blurring function using fresnel integrals, while problem 2 involves computing the linear convolution of two 1-d images using discrete fourier transforms (dfts).
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Problem 1.
Given an image blurred by camera motion
2
()
2
0 ut ut T
at x t = − −
y 0 ( t )= 0
Find the transfer function H ( u , v )for the blurring function.
Hint:
x C x d 0
2 ( ) cos(γ ) γ is known as the Fresnel Cosine integral and = (^) ∫
x S x d 0
2 ( ) sin(γ ) γ as the Fresnel Sine integral.
There is no known closed form solution.
C ( x )and S ( x )must be evaluated via numerical integration. C ( x )and S ( x )versus x are available in table form.
When you use C ( x )or S ( x )in a program (e.g. image restoration in the presence of motion blur) and you want the program to work for
different values of x , you simply load the table into a matrix and index the entry that applies from within the program.
In deriving a problem solution, one simply replaces (^) ∫
x d 0
2 cos(γ ) γ with C ( x )and continues towards the answer, knowing that C ( x )is
a well-defined quantity, known to all.
Problem 2.
You want to compute the linear convolution of two 1-D images a [ b ] c ** de [ f ]using DFTs. You load the two 1-D images into
result of the linear convolution a [ b ] c ** de [ f ], marking the 0th pixel with a box.
Problem 3.
Let
⎥
H be a blurring mask, and (^) ⎥ ⎦
c d
[ a ] b X be a 2x2 image. Where
q r s t
m n o p
i j k l
e f g h
[ ] H ** X , we are only
interested in the central 2x2 portion (^) ⎥
⎦
n o
[ j ] k of the linear convolution that is the same size as the image X.
(go to next page)
Consider the row-ordered vector
d
c
b
[ a ]
x
r from X , and the linear system
y B x
r r = where B is 4x4, y
r is a 4x1 row-ordered vector
o
n
k
[ j ]
that is the row-ordered central 2x2 portion (^) ⎥ ⎦
n o
[ j ] k of the linear
convolution.
(a) Fill-in the elements of B using the elements of H
(b) Form the transpose matrix
t B and consider the operation z B x
r (^) t r = that is also equivalent to a convolution operation. What is the
equivalent convolving mask?