Download Digital systems and applications - data processing and arithmetic circuits and more Study notes Physics in PDF only on Docsity!
Author of this note Mr. K. Prasad BSc from University of Calicut, MSc from university of Delhi, and M.B.A from IGNOU Delhi, These notes were prepared during my teaching session for under graduate students (11th and 12th class) of my school Physics department. This note is helpful for under graduate students and junior level graduates I declare that these notes are my original works based on my knowledge in physics and the books mentioned below are the reference books I used for preparing these notes. TABLE OF CONTENTS, (1) data processing circuits, (2) multiplexers, (3) Uses of multiplexers, (4) Advantages of multiplexers,
**(5) DE Multiplexer (6) function of the DE-multiplexer, (7) Use of DE-multiplexer, (8) Gate is used in DE-multiplexer, (9) Difference between DE multiplexer and decoder, (10)Decoders and Encoders, (11)Arithmetic circuits, (12)Binary addition, (13)Binary subtraction, Reference Books:
- Digital Principles and Applications, A.P.Malvino, D.P.Leach and Saha, 7 th**^ **Ed.,2011, Tata McGraw
- Fundamentals of Digital Circuits, Anand Kumar, 2 nd**^ **Edn, 2009, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.
- Digital Circuits and systems, Venugopal, 2011, Tata McGraw Hill.
- Digital Electronics G K Kharate, 2010, Oxford University Press
- Logic circuit design, Shimon P. Vingron, 2012, Springer.
- Digital Electronics, Subrata Ghoshal, 2012, Cengage Learning.
- Digital Electronics, S.K. Mandal, 2010, 1st**^ **edition, McGraw Hill
- Microprocessor Architecture Programming & applications with 8085, 2002, R.S.Goankar, Prentice Hall. Data processing circuits,** Data-processing circuits are logic circuits that process binary data. Such circuits may be multiplexers, de-multiplexers, encoder, decoder, EX-OR gates. First we consider multiplexers. Multiplex means many into one. The basic function of a multiplexer: combining multiple inputs into a single data stream. A 2-to-1 mux. A 4:1 MUX circuit using 3 input AND and other gates,
Use of DE-multiplexer DE-multiplexer is used to connect a single source to multiple destinations. The main application area of DE-multiplexer is communication system, where multiplexers are used. Most of the communication system are bidirectional i.e., they function in both ways (transmitting and receiving signals). Mux and demux both are used in communication systems to carry out the process of data transmission. A De-multiplexer receives the output signals from the multiplexer and at the receiver end; it converts them back to the original form. Gate is used in DE-multiplexer IC 74LS154 can be used as a decoder-DE-multiplexer IC as it performs both operations. 1.2 Design a 1:2 demux using basic universal logic gates. NAND & NOR gates are called as universal logic gates. The 1:2 demux logic can be implemented using only NAND gates. Difference between DE multiplexer and decoder, A Decoder decodes an encrypted input signal to multiple output signals from one format to another format. A De-Multiplexer routes an input signal to multiple output signals. A Decoder has 'n' input lines and maximum of 2n output lines. A De-Multiplexer has single input, 'n' selection lines and maximum of 2n outputs, Decoders and Encoders,
The combinational circuits that modify the binary data into N output lines are known as Encoders. The combinational circuits that convert the binary data into 2N output lines are called Decoders. The decoder is used as address decoders in CPU memory location identification. It is also be used in electronic circuits to convert instruction into CPU control signals. They are mainly used in logical circuits, data transfer. Examples for decoders are binary to octal conversion using 3 to 8 decoder, BCD to decimal conversion using 4 to 10 decoder, binary to hexadecimal conversion using 4 to 16 decoder, etc. Encoders are used in devices that need to operate in high speed and with high accuracy. The method of controlling the motor rotation by detecting the motor rotation speed and rotation angle using an encoder is called feedback control (closed loop method). Arithmetic circuits, An arithmetic circuit is a set of gates with a separate set of inputs for each number that has to be processed. The gates are connected so as to carry out an arithmetic action and the outputs of the gate circuit are the digits of the result (addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division). An arithmetic circuit takes as inputs either variables or numbers, and is allowed to either add or multiply two expressions it has already computed. Arithmetic circuits provide a formal way to understand the complexity of computing polynomials. Arithmetic logic unit: Shown are four basic Boolean logic gates (AND, NOT, NOR, and XOR), their symbols and respective truth Table 1 means that the input (a, b) is sensed or the output (out) is released, whereas 0 means not. Binary addition, Binary addition is one of the binary tasks. To review, the expression "Parallel Activity" addresses the essential operations of mathematics that are performed
Two's complement is the way every computer I know of chooses to represent integers. To get the two's complement negative notation of an integer, you write out the number in binary. You then invert the digits, and add one to the result.
