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A comprehensive set of questions and answers for the chemistry 1120 final exam at east carolina university (ecu), taught by dr. Dutta. It covers a wide range of topics, including basic definitions, chemical properties, significant figures, density, temperature conversions, atomic structure, ionic and covalent compounds, naming conventions, radioactivity, molecular geometry, electronegativity, and chemical reactions. A valuable resource for students preparing for the final exam.
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Define physical property - correct answer ✅a characteristic that can be observed without changing the chemical structure Define chemical property - correct answer ✅a characteristic of a substance that describes the way something undergoes a chemical change O - correct answer ✅Oxygen C - correct answer ✅Carbon N - correct answer ✅Nitrogen H - correct answer ✅Hydrogen
Br - correct answer ✅Bromine P - correct answer ✅Phosphorus Fe - correct answer ✅Iron kilo - correct answer ✅ 1000 hecto - correct answer ✅ 100 deka - correct answer ✅ 10 deci - correct answer ✅.
(T or F): Leading O's are NEVER significant - correct answer ✅true (T or F): Trailing O's are only significant IF a decimal is present - correct answer ✅true When you multiply and divide, what is the sig fig rule? - correct answer ✅Use the least amount of sig figs When you add and subtract, what is the sig fig rule? - correct answer ✅Use the least amount of decimal places What does density equal? - correct answer ✅d=m (g) / v (mL) Celsius to farenheit - correct answer ✅F=1.8(c)+ Celsius to Kelvin - correct answer ✅K=273+C
Farenheit to Celsius - correct answer ✅C= 5/9 (F-32) metal characteristics - correct answer ✅malleable element, lustruous, good conductor of heat and electricity nonmetal characterisitcs - correct answer ✅poor conductor of heat and electricity, brittle, good insulators Define homogeneous - correct answer ✅a uniform mixture that has the same composition throughout Define heterogeneous - correct answer ✅a nonuniform mixture that has regions of different composition
valence electrons is based on an understanding of what? - correct answer ✅the group number of the periodic table components of ionic compounds - correct answer ✅high MP, conduct electricity, ions, crystalline solids components of molecular compounds - correct answer ✅low MP, does not conduct electricity, molecules ionic is made up of? - correct answer ✅metal and nonmetal covalent is made up of? - correct answer ✅nonmetal and nonmetals Define cation - correct answer ✅a positive charge Define anion - correct answer ✅a negative charge
Octet rule - correct answer ✅elements will gain or lose electrons to achieve 8 valence electrons How do you name an ionic compound? - correct answer ✅1. For cations that are not transition metals: full name of cation + name of anion w/ suffix "ide"
correct answer ✅sulfite How to name a covalent compound - correct answer ✅Name less electronegative element (w/ prefix if more than one) + name of other element w/ suffix IDE prefix for 1 - correct answer ✅mono prefix for 2 - correct answer ✅di prefix for 3 - correct answer ✅tri prefix for 4 - correct answer ✅tetra
prefix for 5 - correct answer ✅penta prefix for 6 - correct answer ✅hexa Gamma radiation
For electron geometry: Give geometry and angle for 3 electron domains - correct answer ✅trigonal planar 120 degrees For electron geometry: Give geometry and angle for 4 electron domains - correct answer ✅tetrahedral 109 degrees What is it called when there are 2 bonds and 1 lone pair in molecular geometry? - correct answer ✅bent What is it called when there are 3 bonds and 1 lone pair in molecular geometry? - correct answer ✅pyramidal
What is it called when there are 2 bonds and 2 lone pairs in molecular geometry? - correct answer ✅bent H can only form ____ bonds - correct answer ✅ 1 C can only form _____ bonds - correct answer ✅ 4 N can only form ______ bonds - correct answer ✅3, 1 lone pair O can only form _____ bonds - correct answer ✅2, 2 lone pair How does electronegativity increase according to the periodic table? - correct answer ✅Increases going up Increases going across increases going over
correct answer ✅polar 2 and above is - correct answer ✅ionic define precipitation reaction - correct answer ✅a precipitate forms when reactions and combined in aqueous solutions Define acid base reactions (neutralization reactions) - correct answer ✅process in which H+ ions from an acid react w/ OH- ions form a base to yield water and salt Define redox reaction - correct answer ✅process in which one or more electrons are transferred between reaction partners. Bc of this, the charges in the atoms in the various reactants change
Define oxidation - correct answer ✅reduction is a reaction where electrons are transferred from reactant to another reactant How do you find the oxidation number? - correct answer ✅periodic table what does OILRIG stand for? - correct answer ✅Oxidation Is Losing electrons, Reduction is Gaining electrons An atom in its elemental state has an oxidation number of? - correct answer ✅ 0 Define formula weight - correct answer ✅the sum of atomic weights of all atoms in one formula unit of any compound Avogadro's Number - correct answer ✅1 mol = 6.022 * 10^23 particles, molecules, atoms, compounds
exothermic define sign which side - correct answer ✅releases heat
non spontaneous(symbol) another name? - correct answer ✅+ delta G endogonic Free energy formula - correct answer ✅Delta G = delta H - Temp(K)*delta S How do you increase a reaction rate? - correct answer ✅1. the concentration of one or more reactants
