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Dynamic Assignment of IP Addresses: DHCP, BOOTP, and RARP, Slides of Internet and Information Access

Alagappa UniversityInternet and Information Access

An overview of dynamic assignment of ip addresses using dhcp, bootp, and rarp. Dynamic assignment is desirable due to on-demand ip address assignment, avoidance of manual configuration, and support for mobile laptops. The solutions rarp, bootp, and dhcp, their differences, and message formats.

Typology: Slides

2012/2013

Uploaded on 04/25/2013

bageshri
bageshri 🇮🇳

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Download Dynamic Assignment of IP Addresses: DHCP, BOOTP, and RARP and more Slides Internet and Information Access in PDF only on Docsity!

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

(DHCP)

Dynamic Assignment of IP addresses

  • Dynamic assignment of IP addresses is

desirable for several reasons:

  • IP addresses are assigned on-demand
  • Avoid manual IP configuration

  • Support mobility of laptops

BOOTP

  • BOOTstrap Protocol (BOOTP)
    • From 1985
    • Host can configure its IP parameters at boot time.
    • 3 services.
      • IP address assignment.
      • Detection of the IP address for a serving machine.
      • The name of a file to be loaded and executed by the client machine (boot file name)
  • Not only assign IP address, but also default router, network mask, etc.
  • Sent as UDP messages (UDP Port 67 (server) and 68 (host))
  • Use limited broadcast address (255.255.255.255):
  • These addresses are never forwarded

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

(DHCP)

  • 5 Relates to Lab 7. Module about dynamic assignment of IP addresses with DHCP.

BOOTP Interaction

• BOOTP can be used for

downloading memory

image for diskless

workstations

• Assignment of IP addresses

to hosts is static

(a)
(b)
(c)

DHCP Interaction (simplified)

BOOTP/DHCP

  • OpCode : 1 (Request), 2(Reply) Note: DHCP message type is sent in an option
  • Hardware Type : 1 (for Ethernet)
  • Hardware address length : 6 (for Ethernet)
  • Hop count : set to 0 by client
  • Transaction ID : Integer (used to match reply to response)
  • Seconds: number of seconds since the client started to boot
  • Client IP address, Your IP address, server IP address, Gateway IP address, client hardware address, server host name, boot file name: client fills in the information that it has, leaves rest blank -

DHCP Message Type

  • Message type is sent as an option. (^) Value Message Type 1 DHCPDISCOVER 2 DHCPOFFER 3 DHCPREQUEST 4 DHCPDECLINE 5 DHCPACK 6 DHCPNAK 7 DHCPRELEASE 8 DHCPINFORM -

DHCP Operation

  • DCHP DISCOVER

  • DCHP OFFER

DHCP Operation

  • DCHP DISCOVER At this time, the DHCP client can start to use the IP address
  • Renewing a Lease (sent when 50% of lease has expired) If DHCP server sends DHCPNACK, then address is released.