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EAS
Learner centered classroom - answerClassroom in which students are encouraged to choose their own learning goals and projects. This approach is based on the belief that students have a natural inclination to learn, learn better when they work on real or authentic tasks, benefit from interacting with diverse groups of people, and learn best when teachers understand and value the difference in how each student learns. facilitator - answerOne who guides a group experience learning program - answerlook at student needs, backgrounds, perspectives, and interests learning objectives should - answeruse kids prior knowledge to teach, make it applicable, how kids learn based on learning styles Learning profile - answerstudents cultures, learning styles, and all other aspects that go into making students who they are prior knowledge - answerA combination of attitudes, experiences, and information that you already know about a particular topic that help you make connections as you read. characteristic of learner centered teacher - answerengage students in preview, review, and evaluation fo work, problem solve and analyze, get students to think about how they learn, allow students control over their own learning process, encourage collaboration, all of this should lead to self motivated students active engament - answerthe amount of time students spend on task plus level of participation during that time Dr. Robert Marzano - answerHe has developed programs and practices used in K- classrooms that translate current research and theory in cognition into instructional methods. Charlotte Danielson - answercreated domains for teaching framework Do now/ bell ringer - answerengage from beginning Chunk and chew - answergive info. for 10 minutes and kids process for 2 non verbal cues - answerclapping, chimes, show hand, something that brings kids back cold calling - answercall on kids without them raising their hands, but do not embarrass
Phone a friend - answerask a classmate for help higher order questioning - answercreate an analogy not just simply ask what is a cell wall Student student engagement - answerTurn and talk, think pair share, summarize partners asnwers get up and go - answermove around the room to find answers that are posted in the room, share with group, then with class jigsaw - answerfair distribution of work assignment, receive assignments, they then move to expert groups, gain knowledge, and take it back to group. Put info. together for final proect small group discussion - answerA discussion among four to six students in a group working independently of a teacher. case studies - answerreal life situations. studies that involve extensive, in-depth interviews with a particular individual or small group of individuals debates - answerwhat do you believe?Considers the reasons for and against; argues over a point role playing - answerA learning technique in which two or more people act out characterizations of other people or other communication styles. cooperation - answerbe transparent about collaboration. Behavior by two or more individuals that leads to mutual benefit bouncing ideas - answeroff each other complimentary - answerexpressing courtesy, respect, admiration, or praise critical thinking - answercomparing what you already know with the information you are given in order to decide whether you agree with it appreciating selves - answerdraw a self portrait dehomogenizing classrooms - answerpicture book, newspaper articles research first - answertake bias out of discussion, be proactive
prejudice jigsaw groups - answerpreconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience contact hypothesis - answerThe idea that stereotypes and prejudice toward a group will diminish as contact with the group increases. Aronson 1970s - answer'Jigsaw Method' or 'Expert Groups'. Mixed race class, divided tasks so they were forced to help each-other. Inter-race learning improves self-esteem, liking of others and perception of other races. However, it led to prejudice being reduced but these reductions weren't applied to settings other than the classroom they learnt it in. Noam Chamsky - answerAmerican theoretical linguist whose work from the 1950s revolutionized the field of linguistics by treating language as a uniquely human, biologically based cognitive capacity. Through his contributions to linguistics and related fields, including cognitive psychologyand the philosophies of mind and language, Chomsky helped to initiate and sustain what came to be known as the "cognitive revolution." Broca's area - answerlanguage production.controls language expression - an area, usually in the left frontal lobe, that directs the muscle movements involved in speech. Wernicke's area - answerlanguage understanding, controls language reception - a brain area involved in language comprehension and expression; usually in the left temporal lobe phonemes - answerin language, the smallest distinctive sound unit stage 1 in language development 2 months - answerspeechless sounds Stage 2 of language development 6-7 months - answerbabbling, phonemes Stage 3 of language development 12 months - answerspeak words, understand more than can. speak. holophrastic stage, over extend- use same word for different meanings Stage 4 of Language Development 18 months - answerpoint, speak 2 word sentences Stage 5 of Language Development 25 months plus - answercomplex sentences English acquisition 1.pre-prouction 6 months - answersome translation, slowly clearly and modeling meaning- no correcting English language acquisition 2. 6 months early comprehension - answer
English language acquisition 3. speech emergent up to 2 years - answermore advanced assignments, does not understand jokes language acquisition 4. intermediate fluency - answercan make corrections, idioms, work with other students language acquisition 5. advanced fluency - answervery close to native fluency take notes in other language, bi lingual wallace - answerunderstanding one language without understanding 2 full immersion - answerall english dual immersion - answerIn dual language education programs, students are taught literacy and academic content in English and a partner language. The goals of dual language are for students to develop high levels of language proficiency and literacy in both program languages, to demonstrate high levels of academic achievement, and to develop an appreciation for and an understanding of diverse cultures. Works well with young students. ESL - answerpull out approach to education English as a Second Language ESL sheltered model - answerSheltered Instruction (SI) is a method of teaching English Language Learners that fits the recommended model of culturally responsive education. The goal of SI is to help ELLs develop content knowledge, language proficiency, and academic skills at the same time. Transitional model - answerEnglish plus native language 2 and 6 years Bilingual educational theory that states that children can most easily acquire fluency in a second language by first acquiring fluency in their native language. maintenance model - answerbuilds upon native language The maintenance bilingual program is specifically created to maintain and improve a student's native language as the student tries to learn a second language. vocabulary - answermost important when learning a new language, label classroom, 5 to 10 minutes, define words that will be used small groups - answer3 to 6 people, read aloud, think aloud - answerModeled by teacher, practiced with partners, applied on their own. Methods: Text talk, open discussion while reading and enhanced vocab after reading. Direct explanation, great for ELL, read the text up to four times, emphasizing up to 25 vocab words.
ongoing assessments - answercan be equated with practice that students receive as part of instruction, rather than scoring or grading what has already been learned as summative assessments do Anecdotal Notes - answerInformal assessment where teacher makes small notes based of observations of student behavior or performance. isolation - answerseparation from others; aloneness RTI (Response to Intervention) - answerA multi tiered approach to the early identification and support of students with learning and behavioral needs. 1st tier- Whole group instruction 2nd tier- Small group instruction 10-15 percent 3rd tier- One-on-one instruction less than 5 percent make special education better IEP team members - answerParent(s) or guardian(s), General education teacher, Special education teacher, Public agency representative (e.g., school administrator), Person qualified to interpret instructional implications of evaluation results (e.g., school psychologist, diagnostician) accommodations for learning disabilities - answersame curriculum, but teaching is supplemented modifications - answermake changes to to a curriculum at risk students - answerA term used to refer to children who are not currently identified as handicapped or disabled but who are considered to have greater than usual chance of school success due to any number of factors such as environment, prior instruction, motivation, etc.. learning disability - answerglitch in the nervous system.A marked delay in a particular area of learning that is not caused by an apparent physical disability, by mental retardation, or by an unusually stressful home environment. Demystification - answer sensory dysfunction - answerNot able to normally process all the information taken in by their senses touch - answertactile Jean Ayres - answerDeveloped sensory integration hyperactive overeaction - answeravid input, does not want anymore input irritable, avoids textures, not coordinated
Hyporeactive under reaction - answerneed excessive amounts of input, jumping wrestling IDEA - answerIndividuals with Disabilities Education Act 54 percent receive in mainstream classes ESEA - answerThe '''Elementary and Secondary Education Act''' ('''ESEA''') was passed as a part of President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]]'s "[[War on Poverty]]" and has been the most far-reaching federal legislation affecting education ever passed by Congress. The act is an extensive statute that funds primary and secondary education, while explicitly forbidding the establishment of a national curriculum. It also emphasizes equal access to education and establishes high standards and accountability. In addition, the bill aims to shorten the achievement gaps between students by providing each child with fair and equal opportunities to achieve an exceptional education. Funds are authorized for professional development, instructional materials, for resources to support educational programs, and for parental involvement promotion. The act was originally authorized through 1970; however, the government has reauthorized the act every five years since its enactment. The current reauthorization of ESEA is the No Child Left Behind Act of
LEA rep - answerThe Local Educational Agency (LEA) representative is an important and required team member of each student's IEP Team. In many districts, the role of the (LEA) representative is fulfilled by building principals FAPE - answerFree Appropriate Public Education- Special Education Services that are provided at public expense must meet standards of that state's educational agency. Must be available to preschool, elementary, and secondary levels and must follow individual education plans IDEA Part A - answerFoundation, definitions, office of special education disabilities IDEA part B - answerset guidelines for ages 3-21, cornerstone 6 principles
- Free and appropriate public education
- evaluation
- IEP
- Least restrictive environment
- Student and parent input
- due process- parents can challenge IDEA part C - answerpart of federal law that outlines services for birth to 3 students with disabilities, early intervening services
Wood-Cock Johnson - answera set of intelligence tests first developed in 1977 b non verbal tests TONI - answer Terman - answerFather of gifted education.Created the Stanford-Binet intelligence test based on the Binet original, also did a longitudinal study of gifted children modifications - answerless, achieve less but more reasonable accomodations - answersame expectation, different way to get there organizations of gifted students - answer socratic method - answerprovides deeper thoughts and understanding.the method of teaching used by the Greek philosopher Socrates; it employs a question-and-answer format to lead pupils to see things for themselves by using their own reason inquiry - answerThe search for information and explanation, often focusing on specific questions. curriculum compacting - answerThe teacher finds the key content that must be learned and reduces the number of examples, activities, or lessons so that a student - usually one who is advanced - can demonstrate the content and move on to another level. sternberg - answertriarchic theory of intelligence Berlin-Blank - answerofficial certification for teachers in education of gifted students Title VI - answerprohibits denial of equal access b/c of limited English proficiency. Specifically prohibits programs that don't teach English as soon as possible. 1964 Title II - answerProhibits discrimination on the basis of disability FERPA - answer1974 Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (Buckley Amendment). Assures confidentiality of student records. Parents are afforded rights to examine, review, request changes if inaccurate, and stipulate person who has access. Community involvement in schools - answerTier 1- families, students, teachers PTO Tier 2- family friends, neighbors to schools Tier 3- large corporate and civic groups learner profile - answerDefinition: an overview of a learner's strengths and weaknesses in terms of what learner styles and intelligences they have Example: Student A is a good visual and auditory learner, but doesn't get much out of kinaesthetic activities
Further Point: learner profiles can be used to base the needs of your students on when designing courses and activities learning programs - answerlessons and activities in the classroom collaboration - answerthe act of working together reflective teaching - answerregular, ongoing examination and critique of one's assumptions and instructional strategies, and revision of them as necessary to enhance students' learning and development
- answer higher order thinking - answerA level of thinking that requires the student to think critically. These levels would be at the application, analysis, synthesis and evaluation levels on the Bloom's taxonomy scale. non verbal cues - answerperceptual information communicated though behaviors rather than words or sound; include dress, posture, facial expression, eye contact and body language
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- answer STEM - answerScience, Technology, Engineering, Math CRT and benefit - answerhelps kids from different cultures to connect and succeed cultural pluralism - answerA condition in which many cultures coexist within a society and maintain their cultural differences. socialization - answerlearned social cues through this process.The process by which people learn customs and values of their culture. psychological development - answerdevelopment of individuals' interactions and understanding of each other and of their knowledge and understanding of themselves as members of society moral development - answergrowth in the ability to tell right from wrong, control impulses, and act ethically
BIP - answerBehavioral Intervention Plan dys - answerpainful, difficult internalizing behavior - answerwithdrawn, social problems, overly shy, socially isolated externalizing behavior - answeran emotional style that is outward-directed and results in behavioral manifestations such as aggression or temper tantrums subject acceleration - answerIf it is decided he should not skip a grad completely, there are still options for Brendan. What if Brendan stayed in third grade the following year with his peers, but attended a fourth grade class for the subjects in which he demonstrated high achievement? For example, perhaps he attends the fourth grade math class but stays in his third grade class for the rest of the day. Iowa Acceleration Scale - answerIowa Acceleration Scale is a tool designed to assess the intellectual and academic needs of the gifted child while taking into account characteristics such as age, maturity level, and physical size. This can help determine the best option for gifted students. Three lesser known senses - answermovement (vestibular), body awareness (proprioception) and skin sensitivity (tactile). Sensory dysfunction - answerSensory integration dysfunction is typically seen as either an overreaction or an underreaction to sensory input Renzulli's Three-Ring Conception of Giftedness - answerthe first is above average abilities.The second trait is having high levels of task commitment. The third trait is having a high level of creativity. achievement tests - answerAchievement tests may be specific to a particular academic area, such as math, or they may be more general in nature. Examples include the Test of Mathematical Abilities for Gifted Students (TOMAGS), Screening Assessment for Gifted Elementary Students (SAGES), or Iowa Test of Basic Skills (ITBS). When given these tests, gifted students typically score one or more grade levels above their current grade. ability tests - answerAbility tests, more commonly known as IQ tests, come in several forms. Examples include the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, and Woodcock Johnson tests. Essentially, these tests all measure the same thing, and all of them have different types of subtests. There are also a couple of nonverbal tests on the market, or assessments that require no verbal ability to complete. These are useful with autistic, deaf, and other nonverbal students and include
the Test of Nonverbal Intelligence (TONI) and the Naglieri Nonverbal Ability Test (NNAT). subjective assessments - answerThese subjective assessments are often just as important as the standardized tests in determining whether a student can be labeled as gifted and talented.
