EH208 Your Name, Exams of Pathophysiology

Pathophysiology of Human Disease. Exam III. The exam is a closed-book format. Time to complete: 2 academic hours. Often more than one answer applies;.

Typology: Exams

2022/2023

Uploaded on 05/11/2023

mariners
mariners 🇺🇸

4.5

(15)

247 documents

1 / 9

Toggle sidebar

This page cannot be seen from the preview

Don't miss anything!

bg1
EH208 Your Name:__________________________________________
Pathophysiology of Human Disease
Exam III
The exam is a closed-book format. Time to complete: 2 academic hours. Often more than one answer applies;
select all choices you consider correct. There is 50 questions, 2 points each.
1. A 39-year-old previously healthy man has the sudden onset of severe right flank pain that comes in
waves all night long. When he is seen in the emergency room, after waiting for two hours, he is
exhausted. On physical examination there are no abnormal findings. Urinalysis reveals no ketones,
glucose, protein, nitrite, or urobilinogen, but blood is present. Urine microscopic examination shows
many RBCs but few WBCs. The specific gravity is 1.015 and the pH is 5.5. Which of the following is
the most likely diagnosis?
A Nodular prostatic hyperplasia
B Membranous nephropathy
C Ureteral calculus
D Renal angiomyolipoma
E Urothelial carcinoma of bladder
2. A 41-year-old man has a history of drinking 1 to 2 liters of whisky per day for the past 20 years. He
has had numerous episodes of nausea and vomiting in the past 5 years. He now experiences a bout
of prolonged vomiting, followed by massive hematemesis. On physical examination his vital signs are:
T 36.9°C, P 110/min, RR 26/min, and BP 80/40 mm Hg lying down. His heart has a regular rate and
rhythm with no murmurs and his lungs are clear to auscultation. There is no abdominal tenderness or
distension and bowel sounds are present. His stool is negative for occult blood.
Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
A Hiatal hernia
B Esophageal laceration
C Esophageal pulsion diverticulum
D Barrett esophagus
E Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
F Esophageal stricture
3. A 15-year-old boy from Ghana has the acute onset of right upper quadrant abdominal pain.
Abdominal ultrasound reveals a dilated gallbladder with thickened wall and filled with calculi. A
laparoscopic cholecystectomy is performed. The gallbladder is opened to reveal ten multifaceted 0.5
to 1 cm diameter dark, greenish-black shiny gallstones. Which of the following underlying conditions
does this boy most likely have?
A Sickle cell anemia
B Crohn disease
C Hypercholesterolemia
D Hyperparathyroidism
E Primary biliary cirrhosis
F Schistosomiasis
4. A 28-year-old woman has had difficulty concentrating at work for the past month. She is constantly
getting up and walking around to visit co-workers. She complains that the work area is too hot. She
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9

Partial preview of the text

Download EH208 Your Name and more Exams Pathophysiology in PDF only on Docsity!

Pathophysiology of Human Disease Exam III The exam is a closed-book format. Time to complete: 2 academic hours. Often more than one answer applies; select all choices you consider correct. There is 50 questions, 2 points each.

  1. A 39-year-old previously healthy man has the sudden onset of severe right flank pain that comes in waves all night long. When he is seen in the emergency room, after waiting for two hours, he is exhausted. On physical examination there are no abnormal findings. Urinalysis reveals no ketones, glucose, protein, nitrite, or urobilinogen, but blood is present. Urine microscopic examination shows many RBCs but few WBCs. The specific gravity is 1.015 and the pH is 5.5. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A Nodular prostatic hyperplasia B Membranous nephropathy C Ureteral calculus D Renal angiomyolipoma E Urothelial carcinoma of bladder

  1. A 41-year-old man has a history of drinking 1 to 2 liters of whisky per day for the past 20 years. He has had numerous episodes of nausea and vomiting in the past 5 years. He now experiences a bout of prolonged vomiting, followed by massive hematemesis. On physical examination his vital signs are: T 36.9°C, P 110/min, RR 26/min, and BP 80/40 mm Hg lying down. His heart has a regular rate and rhythm with no murmurs and his lungs are clear to auscultation. There is no abdominal tenderness or distension and bowel sounds are present. His stool is negative for occult blood. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

A Hiatal hernia B Esophageal laceration C Esophageal pulsion diverticulum D Barrett esophagus E Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma F Esophageal stricture

  1. A 15-year-old boy from Ghana has the acute onset of right upper quadrant abdominal pain. Abdominal ultrasound reveals a dilated gallbladder with thickened wall and filled with calculi. A laparoscopic cholecystectomy is performed. The gallbladder is opened to reveal ten multifaceted 0. to 1 cm diameter dark, greenish-black shiny gallstones. Which of the following underlying conditions does this boy most likely have?

A Sickle cell anemia B Crohn disease C Hypercholesterolemia D Hyperparathyroidism E Primary biliary cirrhosis F Schistosomiasis

  1. A 28-year-old woman has had difficulty concentrating at work for the past month. She is constantly getting up and walking around to visit co-workers. She complains that the work area is too hot. She

Pathophysiology of Human Disease Exam III The exam is a closed-book format. Time to complete: 2 academic hours. Often more than one answer applies; select all choices you consider correct. There is 50 questions, 2 points each. seems nervous and often spills her coffee. She has been eating more but has lost 5 kg in the past 2 months. On physical examination her temperature is 37.5°C, pulse 101/minute, respiratory rate 22/minute, and blood pressure 145/85 mm Hg. Which of the following laboratory findings is most likely to be present in this woman?

A Decreased catecholamines B Decreased iodine uptake C Decreased plasma insulin D Decreased TSH E Increased ACTH F Increased calcitonin

  1. A 57-year-old man is found comatose. On physical examination he has decreased skin turgor, indicating dehydration. Laboratory studies show a blood glucose of 780 mg/dL (normal upper limit 110-140). Urinalysis reveals no ketosis or proteinuria, though there is 4+ glucosuria. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? A Neuroendocrine tumor secreting glucagon B Heat stroke C Cushing syndrome D Ingestion of a large quantity of sugar E Type II diabetes mellitus
  2. Factors that contribute to reflux esophagitis include: A. hiatal hernia B. dietary potato intake C. zollinger-ellison syndrome D. nephrolithiasis E. abuse of coffee, alcohol, tobacco
  3. Acute stress ulcers may develop as a result of:

A. running a marathon B. global warming C. severe trauma or burn D. a strong alcoholic drink E. encountering a driverless robotic car

  1. Mechanisms that protect the gastric lining from auto digestion:

A. mucus B. prostaglandin secretion C. soda beverage D. rich blood perfusion

Pathophysiology of Human Disease Exam III The exam is a closed-book format. Time to complete: 2 academic hours. Often more than one answer applies; select all choices you consider correct. There is 50 questions, 2 points each.

  1. The mnemonic for melanoma diagnosis is: A__________ B__________ C__________ D__________ E__________
  2. The mechanism of urticaria is hypersensitivity type ______, whereas the mechanism of poison ivy reaction is type ________.
  3. Inflammation, pannus and bony ankylosis are typical in:

A. Rheumatoid arthritis B. Rheumatic fever arthritis C. Osteoarthritis D. Hashimoto thyroiditis

  1. Osteoarthritis is an inflammatory joint disease requiring steroid treatment: A. True B. False
  2. Name the four major types of acid-base disturbances.
  1. When squamous mucosa that lines the esophagus gradually is replaced by columnar epithelium, the condition is:

A. Fistula B. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome C. Amebiasis D. Osmotic diarrhea E. Hypergastrinemia F. Steatorrhea G. Cobblestone appearance H. Penetration I. Adenomatous polyps J. Rotavirus

Pathophysiology of Human Disease Exam III The exam is a closed-book format. Time to complete: 2 academic hours. Often more than one answer applies; select all choices you consider correct. There is 50 questions, 2 points each.

  1. Celiac disease commonly presents in infancy as failure to thrive. It is an inappropriate T-cell- mediated immune response, and there is no cure for it. What is the treatment of choice for celiac disease?

A. Removal of protein from the diet B. Removal of fat from the diet C. Removal of gluten from the diet D. Removal of sugar from the diet

  1. A bleeding stomach ulcer will manifest as:

A. Vomiting of coffee ground-appearing emesis B. Translocation of extracellular fluid into the peritoneal cavity causing ascitis C. Bloody diarrhea D. Vomiting of bloody emesis

  1. When stools contain excess fat, the condition is called: A. Fistula B. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome C. Amebiasis D. Osmotic diarrhea E. Hypergastrinemia F. Steatorrhea G. Cobblestone appearance H. Penetration I. Adenomatous polyps J. Rotavirus
  2. A 42 year old woman has had intermittent episodes of right upper quadrant abdominal pain that begin 1-2 hours after eating. The pain resolves after 3-4 hours. Finally she comes to the doctor, complaining of severe upper abdominal pain. Her amylase and lipase are elevated and a right upper quadrant ultrasound shows sludge in the gallbladder. The likely diagnoses and mechanisms are:

A. Kidney colic B. Gallbladder dyskinesia and stones C. Chronic cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder) D. Temporary blockade of the exit of pancreatic enzymes E. Chronic pancreatitis F. Intermittent peritonitis

  1. A 24-year-old male HSPH student tests his stool for H. pylori using the stool antigen test and finds a positive result. All of the following are true about this discovery EXCEPT:? A. He has an increased lifetime chance of developing a peptic ulcer B. Most likely he acquired this infection as a baby C. It is still safe for him to shake hands with his professors D. He should make an appointment with his physician ASAP, otherwise go to ER E. The causative organism expresses urease, catalase and oxidase enzymes

Pathophysiology of Human Disease Exam III The exam is a closed-book format. Time to complete: 2 academic hours. Often more than one answer applies; select all choices you consider correct. There is 50 questions, 2 points each.

  1. Type 1 diabetes

A. involves the immune system attacking and killing pancreas cells that make insulin B. occurs only in adults C. occurs only with obesity D. lowers cells' sensitivity to insulin

  1. Diabetes insipidus is caused by a deficiency of: A. Insulin B. Glucagon C. Antidiuretic hormone D. Thyroid hormones
  2. Cushing’s syndrome is characterized by an excess of: A. Antidiuretic hormone B. Aldosterone C. Glucocorticoids D. Glucagon
  3. Which of the following is NOT a chronic complication of Type II diabetes mellitus: A. Cardiovascular disease B. Retinopathy C. Kidney disease D. Diabetic ketoacidosis
  4. Which of the following occurs in response to hypoglycemia in a healthy patient when fasting? A. Stimulation of glyconeogenesis B. Stimulation of gluconeogenesis C. Stimulation of glycogenolysis D. Release of insulin
  5. Gigantism is distinct from acromegaly in that: A. They are caused by two different hormones B. The extent of hormone overproduction is higher in gigantism C. The extent of hormone overproduction is higher in acromegaly D. The tumor overproducing hormone develops at childhood vs adulthood
  6. Symptoms of Cushing’s include: A. Truncal obesity B. Decreased muscle mass C. Bone resorption and osteoporosis D. Hypoglycemia

Pathophysiology of Human Disease Exam III The exam is a closed-book format. Time to complete: 2 academic hours. Often more than one answer applies; select all choices you consider correct. There is 50 questions, 2 points each.

  1. Xenobiotic elimination includes: A. Phase I: addition of polar groups B. Phase II: conjugation C. Phase III: enhanced diuresis D. Phase I: lipolysis
  2. Urban air particles exposure can affect heart rate: A. True B. False
  3. Diesel exhaust particles can: A. Affect heart rate B. Stimulate TSH secretion in the pituitary C. Enhance release of IL-4 and lead to pro-allergic responses D. Induce pneumonia
  4. Sources of exposure to lead include: A. lead paint B. lead solder in plumbing (older houses) C. lead-glazed ceramics D. berries growing near the highway
  5. Signs of lead intoxication include A. Abdominal pain B. Basophilic stippling C. Encephalopathy in children D. Lead lines in the metaphyses of bones E. None of the above
  6. The measure of absorbed dose weighted by type of radiation is: A. Rad B. Rem C. Roentgen D. Becquerel E. Curie
  7. Acute radiation effects on tissue include: A. Vasculitis B. Necrosis C. Fibrosis D. None of the above
  8. Non-neoplastic effects of radiation include: A. Cataracts B. Transverse myelitis C. Radiodermatitis D. Loss of fertility