Cork Institute of Technology
Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Software
Development – Award
(KSDEV_8_Y4)
Summer 2008
Artificial Intelligence
(Time: 3 Hours)
Instructions
Answer exactly FOUR questions.
SHOW ALL WORK.
Examiners: Dr. Jeanne Stynes
Dr. Mel O’Cinneide
Mr. Martin Donnelly
Q1. (a) Present two different ways of modelling the Eight Queens Problem and propose a
solution for each approach. (15 marks)
(b) Fully implement one of the solutions in (a) in Prolog. (10 marks)
Q2. (a) Transform the following expression into clause form:
( ∀x ∃y p(y,x) ) → ( ¬∃x { ∀y [ p(x,y) → q(x,y) ] } ) (7 marks)
(b) Formulate the following as first order predicate calculus formulas and use the method of
resolution and refutation to prove that “John is happy”. (8 marks)
Any student who passes all his exams and wins a lottery prize is happy.
Any student who studies or is lucky will pass all his exams.
John did no study but he is lucky.
Anyone who is lucky wins a lottery prize.
(c) Explain why non-monotonic reasoning systems are used. Give at least two examples of
how non-monotonic reasoning can be defined in such systems. (10 marks)
Q3. (a) Knowledge representation is an important aspect of problem solving. Justify this
statement by presenting an example showing how an appropriate knowledge
representation scheme can simplify the problem-solving process. (10 marks)
(b) Briefly discuss the Dempster-Schafer OR the Mycin approach to handling uncertainty.
Explain how uncertainty is propagated through the system, i.e., how are new uncertain
beliefs/evidence combined? Illustrate with examples. (15 marks)
