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EKG, Sharp New Grad Program Study Guide Review, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Medicine

United States International UniversityMedicine

EKG, Sharp New Grad Program Study Guide Review

Typology: Study Guides, Projects, Research

2025/2026

Available from 01/28/2026

bestlearner
bestlearner ๐Ÿ‡ฐ๐Ÿ‡ช

1.4K documents

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EKG, Sharp New Grad Program Study Guide
Review
1. endocardium
*inner*
lining
of
the
heart
2. myocardium
*middle* muscular layer of the heart
3. pericardium
*outer*
membrane
surrounding
the
heart
4.
sinoatrial node
(SA node)
5.
atrioventricular
node (AV node)
pf3
pf4
pf5
pf8
pf9
pfa
pfd
pfe
pff
pf12
pf13
pf14
pf15
pf16
pf17
pf18
pf19
pf1a
pf1b
pf1c
pf1d
pf1e
pf1f
pf20
pf21
pf22
pf23
pf24
pf25
pf26
pf27

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Review

  1. endocardium inner lining of the heart
  2. myocardium middle muscular layer of the heart
  3. pericardium outer membrane surrounding the heart
  4. sinoatrial node (SA node) 5. atrioventricular node (AV node)

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Review

  • right upper atrium
  • pacemaker cells (60-100bpm) - lower^ right^ upper^ atrium
    • backup pacemaker (40-60bpm)

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Review

  1. ECG strip length 6 seconds
  2. heart rate can be determined by...? either...
    • counting # of R waves in 6 sec strip and multiplying by 10
    • counting # of small squares in an R interval and then (1500 / # = HR)

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Review

  1. P wave - first deflection
    • depolarization of the atria
  2. normal P wave - smooth and rounded
    • <2.5mm in height
  3. abnormal P wave - tall and peaked

    • 2.5mm in height

  4. PR interval - P wave AND straight line that follows

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Review

  1. abnormal PR in- terval
    • PR interval <0.12 seconds (electrical impulse bypasses AV node)
    • PR interval >0.20 seconds (electrical impulse delayed from AV node) -> can be associated w/ aging
  2. QRS complex - ventricular depolarization

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Review

  • 0.04-0.10 seconds
  1. ST segment - end of ventricular depolarization
  • from end of QRS complex to beginning of T wave
  1. abnormal ST seg- ment
  • considered significant elevation if 1mm (1 small box) deviation between waves (in 2+ leads in same area of heart)
  • convex, concave, horizontal -> all considered "elevated" when deviation occurs

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Review

  • often r/t hypokalemia
  1. tele monitoring 3, 5, or 6 leads

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Review

tele monitoring - white lead

  1. tele monitoring - green lead
  2. tele monitoring - black lead
  3. tele monitoring - red lead
  4. tele monitoring - brown lead

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Review

  1. six steps to rhythm analysis
    1. determine regu- larity (step of rhythm analysis)

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Review

  1. calculate heart rate (step of rhythm analysis)
    1. determine regularity
    2. calculate heart rate
    3. identify and examine P waves
    4. measure PR interval
    5. measure QRS complex
    6. identify and examine T wave 1st step of rhythm analysis
    • measure R-R interval
    • use calipers to compare intervals -> regular or irregular?

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Review

  1. identify and ex- amine P waves (step of rhythm analysis)
  2. measure PR in- terval (step of rhythm analysis)

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  1. measure QRS complex (step of rhythm analysis) 3rd step of rhythm analysis
    • all P waves should be nearly identical
    • one P wave for every QRS complex -> any P waves without a QRS? any QRS complexes without P waves? 4th step of rhythm analysis
    • measure beginning of P wave to beginning of QRS complex
    • should be 0.12-0.20 seconds
    • <0.12 seconds -> electrical impulse bypasses AV node

    • 0.20 seconds -> electrical impulse delayed from AV node

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Review

  1. identify and ex- amine T wave (step of rhythm analysis)
    1. normal sinus rhythm

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Review

6th step of rhythm analysis

  • elevated? (1mm+ deviation)
  • inverted?
    • rhythm: regular
    • rate: 60-100 bpm
    • P waves: one per QRS complex
    • PR interval: 0.12-0.20 sec
    • QRS interval: 0 d. 1 0 sec
  1. sinus tachycardia - rhythm: regular
    • rate: 100+ bpm
    • P waves: one per QRS complex
    • PR interval: 0.12-0.20 sec (normal)
    • QRS interval: 0 d. 1 0 sec (normal)