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EXPERIMENT MANUAL
Jl. PUDAK No. 4 Bandung 40113, Jawa Barat-INDONESIA - Phone. +62-22-727 2755 (Hunting) Fax. +62-22-720 7252 - E-mail: [email protected] - Website: www.pudak.com
L04S-01E
PTE-045-001NFB
N
(^64) 2
(^53) 1
ONON
N
(^53 ) (^1) N 2
PTE-045-002ELCB
I T
N
31 24 5 6
3 PHASE MCBPTE-045-
N
CONTACTORPTE-045- L3A 13
L2L1 T2T1T A2 14
N
TIMER DELAY ONPTE-045-
67 55 56 68
L3A 13
L2L1 T2T1T A2 14
LA2 DT
N
SELECTED SWITCHPTE-045- (^15 ) (^9 ) 711 128
2 1
MAX. 3 A / 220V 0 2 1
N
PB CHANGE SWITCHESPTE-045- 2 2
4 4
3 3
1 1
A B
N
CHANGE-OVER SWITCHPTE-045-
N
SOCKET LAMPPTE-045-
N
1 PHASE MCBPTE-045-
N
SUPPLY CONTACTORPTE-045- 5 A1 53 61 (^7183)
(^31426) A2 54 62 (^7284)
N
L1THERMO RELAYPTE-045- L2L (^9697)
T2T T (^9598)
N
SINGLE SWITCHPTE-045-
N
SERIES SWITCHPTE-045-
N
SOCKETPTE-045-
N
VOLTMETERPTE-045- 018
100 E350M 0
V 300500 97414308 1.5 2 RS^ VOLTMETEROFF TR TN ST RNSN N
R AMPEREMETERT1PTE-045- 019 ST T2T
46810 20 (^02) 10/5A^ E350M
A 97100463 1.5 2 AMMETEROFF T R N
1 2 N I T
1-PHASE ELCBPTE-045-
FUNDAMENTAL & INSTALLATION
TRAINER PT
ii
iii
Contents
Preface ............................................................................................................................. i
Contents ......................................................................................................................... iii
I. Introduction ............................................................................................................ II. Experiments LE04001E Lamp with Single Switch Connection.......................................................... LE04002E Lamp Connection with Single Switch and Junction Box ............................... LE04003E Two Lamps Connection with Series Switch and Junction Box ...................... 6 LE04004E Two-way Switching ................................................................................. 8 LE04005E Correction Power Factor for Fluorescent Lamp Circuit .............................. 10 LE04006E Control System Using Magnetic Switch ................................................... 15 LE04007E Control System Using Magnetic Switch with Over load Protector ............... 19 LE04008E Control System Using Magnetic Switch with Operated from More Than One Control Point ................................................................. 22 LE04009E Jogging/Inching Operation of an Electric Motor ....................................... 25 LE04010E Clockwise and Counterclockwise Control System ..................................... 27 LE04011E Time Delay Switching ............................................................................ 30 LE04012E Control Circuit with Time Delay Relay ..................................................... 33 LE04013E Star-Delta (Y/∆) Circuit .......................................................................... 35 LE04014E Sequential Circuit with Two Contactors ................................................... 39 LE04015E Speed Control for Three Phase Induction Motor ...................................... 42 LE04016E Single Phase Motor with Magnetic Controller ........................................... 45 LE04017E Motor Reverse Control System with Cam-switch ...................................... 49
III. Appendix
A. Apparatus Figures B. Panel Rack Assembling Method
Introduction | 1
I. INTRODUCTION
This manual book explains the steps of experiments with the Fundamental & Installation Trainer systematically and clearly. The experiments in this trainer are the basic of house installation and industrial machines control installations. Each experiment has some components in which they are arranged systematically. Therefore, user can do the experiments easily and learn more about basic electrical installations. Those components are: Experiment Number Show the sequence of experiment containing in these trainer. Experiment Title Show the direction and stressing of the experiment to be carried out.
1. Objectives Describes the targets those were expected from the user after completing the experiment. 2. Introduction This gives short explanation of the preliminary knowledge needed to carry out the experiment to avoid mistake in interpreting the results of the experiment. 3. Apparatus Devided in two groups, those are: Main : Instruments has included in the trainer. Auxiliary : Instruments those needed as complement for the experiment and it is not included in the trainer. Those apparatus must be prepared before the experiment gets started. 4. Procedure Instructions those must be followed systematically during the experiment. 5. Evaluations/Conclusions Gives a view about the result of the experiment and its compatibility with the objectives of the experiment whether it has achieved. At the end of these book, it is included some panel Figures which is to help user to learn more about the electrical installation technically.
2 |Lamp with Single Switch Connection
Lamp with Single Switch
Connection
LE04001E
I. Objective
After completing this experiment, you are expected to be able to install a lamp with a single switch.
II. Introduction
There are many kinds of switches such as switches for power installation, for lighting installation, etc. But switches that we are most familiar with in our daily life at home, at school and other community places are the lighting installation switches. One of which is the single switch. The main function of these single switches is to switch on/off a lamp. In this single switch, there are only two contact points that connect the phase line with the lamp.
L1/N/PE (^3)
2
3
Q1 E
N PE L
Q1 E
Figure 1.1a Line diagram Figure 1.2a Wiring diagram
III. Apparatus
Main : Socket Lamp PTE-045-010 1 Unit 1 Phase MCB PTE-045-011 1 Unit Single Switch PTE-045-015 1 Unit Connecting Leads Auxiliary : Incandescent Lamp 220 V 1 Unit
IV. Procedure
For your safety, make sure that the main supply is not connected to the trainer while you are arranging it.
- Prepare all the equipments needed in this experiment.
- Arrange the panels based on Figure 1.2a for its wiring, or use Figure 1.3a as a guide.
4 |Lamp Connection with Single Switch and Junction Box
Lamp Connection with Single
Switch and Junction Box
LE04002E
I. Objectives
After completing this experiment, you are expected to:
- Understand the connection between a lamp, single switch, and junction box.
- Understand of the connection between a lamp, a single switch, and a junction box.
II. Introduction
The symbol of a junction box is shown at Figure 21a, and Figure 21c is its wiring diagram. Inside the junction box there are three connection points. One point is used as ground point and it is connected to the installation grounding. The other two points are used as phase and neutral line.
N PE
L
(a) (b) (c) Figure 2. Standard colors used to different the cable lines are: Ground line : Green with yellow stripe cable. Neutral line : Blue cable. Phase line : Red, Black, and/or Yellow cable.
III. Apparatus
Main : Socket Lamp PTE-045-010^1 Unit 1 Phase MCB PTE-045-011 1 Unit Single Switch PTE-045-015 1 Unit Socket PTE-045-017 1 Unit Connecting Leads Auxiliary : Incandescent Lamp 1 Unit
IV. Procedure
For your safety, make sure that the main supply is not connected to the trainer while you are arranging it.
- Prepare all the equipments needed in this experiment.
- Arrange all the panels based on Figure 2.3a for its wiring, or use Figure 2.4a as a guide.
Lamp Connection with Single Switch and Junction Box | 5
N
1PHPTEA-045-01SEM 1 CB
N
SINGPTELES-045-0W 15 ITCH
N
SOCPTEKE-045-010TLAMP
Mainsupply
Lam220Vpu Measureitsvoltage withvoltmeter
N
SPTEO-045-0CK 17 ET PE0 L
Figure 2.4a Panels arrangement
- After completing the set up, ask your teacher/instructor to examine your set up.
- After it has been approved, connect the main supply to the circuit.
- Switch ON the MCB.
- Press switch Q1. Observe the lamp!
- Connect voltmeter to the junction box terminals Q2 and measure its voltage.
- Switch OFF the MCB.
- Switch OFF the MCB and disconnect main supply from the circuit.
- Make your report.
V. Evaluation
- Describe the rules on installing a junction box!
- What should be the current capacity of a junction box?
- Why contact tubes are always spring loaded?
- The standard colors for line cables connected to the junction box socket are: Ground line : ……………………. Neutral line : ……………………. Phase line : …………………….
Two Lamps Connection with Series Switch and Junction Box | 7
N
1PHPTEAS-04E M5-01 1 CB
N
SOCPTEK-04E5-0TL 10 AMP
N
SOCPTEKE-04TL5-010AMP
Lamp Lamu
N
SPTEO-04C5-0K 17 ET
N
SERIEPTESS-045-0W 16 ITCH
MPEainsupp0 L1ly
Figure 3.3a Arrangement panels
- After completing the set up, ask your teacher/instructor to examine your set up.
- After it has been approved, connect the main supply to the circuit.
- Switch ON the MCB.
- Press switch Q1. Observe the lamp!
- Connect the voltmeter to the junction box terminals and measure its voltage.
- Switch OFF the MCB.
- Switch OFF the MCB and disconnect main supply from the circuit.
- Make your report.
V. Evaluation
Describe pictorially how a junction box should be constructed, so that the fingers will not come into contact with the voltage bearing points, when the plug is inserted!
8 |Two-way Switching
Two-way Switching LE04004E
I. Objectives
After completing this experiment, you are expected to:
- Be skillful in connecting and wiring a lamp and a two-way switch (staircase switch).
- Have an understanding about the installation of a lamp with two-way switching.
II. Introduction
A changeover switch can operate a lamp or group of lamps from two different places. This switch is commonly used at hotels, hence the name ‘hotel’s switch’. At the installation, two changeover switches are needed to operate a lamp or group of lamps from two different places. See Figure 4.1 for single line diagram and Figure 4.2 for wiring diagram.
L1/N/PE (^4)
3
3
Q
E 3
3
X1 X
Q
N PE L
Q
E Q
Figure 4.1 Line diagram Figure 4.2 Wiring diagram
III. Apparatus
Main : Change Over Switch PTE-045-008 2 Units Lamp Socket PTE-045-010 1 Unit 1 Phase MCB PTE-045-011 1 Unit Connecting Leads Auxiliary : Incandescent Lamp 1 Unit
IV. Procedure
For your safety, make sure that the main supply is not connected to the trainer while you are arranging it.
- Prepare all the equipments needed in this experiment.
- Arrange the panels based on Figure 4.2 for its wiring, or use Figure 4.3 as guide.
10 |Correction Power Factor for Fluorescent Lamp Circuit
Correction Power Factor for
Fluorescent Lamp Circuit
LE04005E
I. Objectives
After completing this experiment, you are expected to:
- Understand the connection between fluorescent lamp
- Excess usage of fluorescent lamp and incandescent lamp with same power
- Repair Power factor of Fluorescent lamp by using load capacitive
II. Introduction
Election of lamp type for the installation of lighting very is needed. Therefore, in installation of lighting installation require to be paid attention lamp type to be used. This matter relate to power loss which because of inductive load. Level of this power loss depended from level of cos ϕ of load. Now let us pay attention Figure hereunder.
Figure 5.
Where;
S = V. I (Volt Ampere)
P = V. ICos α (Watt)
Q = V. ISin α (VAR)
Level of power resistive because resistive load. Example, incandescent lamp. While for the power reactive because inductive load. Example, Fluorescent lamp, Electrical machine and etc. Level of S value got from equation:
S = P^2 + Q^2 ……………………………………………………………………………………(5.1)
Where;
V I
Cos P
α (^) = …………………………………………………………………………..............(5.2)
VI
arc P
α cos ………………………………………………………………………………..(5.3)
From equation ( 5.3) Above earning we formulate again to look for value of C we to install so that cos ϕ come near 1.
Correction Power Factor for Fluorescent Lamp Circuit | 11
Got equation:
Q = V. ISin α or
XC
Q = V^2 (VAR)……………………………………………………..(5.4)
fXC
C
2 π
= 1 uF……………………………………………………………………………………..(5.5)
This Experiment we will perceive influence of repair of power factor at inductive loads.
III. Apparatus
Main : MCB 1 Phase 1 Unit : Single Switch 2 Unit : Socket Lamp 1 Unit : Series Switch 1 Unit : Socket TL 1 Unit : Ballast 1 Unit : Socket TL 1 Unit : Connection Lead : Fluorescent Lamp 20 Watt/220 VAC 2 Pcs Auxiliary : Incandescent lamp 220 VAC 1 Pc : Cos ϕ−Meter 1 Unit : Multi-tester 1 Unit
IV. Procedures
For your safety, make sure that the main supply is not connected to the trainer while you are arranging it.
- Prepare all the equipments needed in this experiment.
- Arrange the panels based on Figure 5.2 for its wiring. E1 attached by incandescent lamp 40 Watt and E2 attached by lamp of fluorescent lamp 2x20Watt.
Figure 5.2 Line Diagram
Correction Power Factor for Fluorescent Lamp Circuit | 13
Figure 5.4 Wiring Diagram
- Switch ON one of series switch, Observe the fluorescent lamp with price of variable capacitor value which in circuit parallel witch ballast.
- Measure and write its value this table.
Table 5. P (Watt)
I
(Ampere)
V
(Volt)
Capacitive Load
Cos ϕ
20 Watt 1u F 20 Watt 1.5uF 20 Watt 2uF 20 Watt 2.5uF 20 Watt 3uF 20 Watt 4uF
- Arrange the panels based on Figure 5.5 for its wiring. E1 attached by Fluorescent lamp 2x20Watt with single switch. L1/N/PE (^3)
2
3
Q
3
E
X 1
Capacitive Load
Figure 5.5 Line diagram
14 |Correction Power Factor for Fluorescent Lamp Circuit
N PE L
Q
1 1 2 2
E
1 2 (^1 ) 2 2
E
1 2
1 2 C
Figure 5.6 Wiring Diagram
- Switch “ON” single switch, observe the fluorescent lamp with price of variable capacitor value which in circuit parallel witch ballast.
- Measure and write its value this tables. Table 5. P (Watt) I (Ampere) V (Volt) Capacitive Load
Cos ϕ
2 x 20 Watt 3u F 2 x 20 Watt 4uF 2 x 20 Watt 4.5uF 2 x 20 Watt 6uF 2 x 20 Watt 7uF 2 x 20 Watt 8uF
- Switch OFF the MCB and disconnect main supply from the circuit.
- Make your report.
V. Evaluation
- From result of perception which you, try explain what advantage and badness of fluorescent lamp compared with incandescent lamp to used.
- What causing of Fluorescent lamp have cos ϕ < 1?
- What function of capacitive load at network above.
- How relation of level current with attached capacitive load? Explaining from result of attempt!.
- From result of entirety experiment write down conclusion you to give.
