Electrochemistry A2 notes, Study notes of Chemistry

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CATHODE; fin cfeckyon towards which Cation Mow. ANODE; Toword, obit. anion moe (poverty Chemical, from to Cledial. Laomy ~ ChecrmocnemacaL Caw; tio Latrobe Gal, Ameo poche £ value mean reuction half (ll. We torn Gravy Cedi Ener (Balers) “to camical Ccgy WU tea <= aul use. —> insta. Gul? + $e” —> Css) ELecTROCHEM ISTERY, (ottedrocbemical Cobh; —sfrectrocnemtcal Cw, A Oss positive 61 more negative 2 value mea. oxidation tn Standart. Csode Pao (C4); lfc flip Ue uti => The peti differance / Voltage MF when a 20 $20" = Dnes) | half cel ts mode up of bast elockrocle- ip conmded to @ Standard hydrogen Mechde, unl Soadaid, Conditions. (ii) Hol Ga. Qntsy —> 2n'? + De” We add. boi lhe epuarions, Ci slo + Cu, —s6 bf Ctl > Ge ry Cu Sli —> Aol mate upof the sane clement, it_elutatde and aire ge. 20 > 20th ll 9 On bee 2 Ton. Gal? 2n ——> On!*4 Cu Hall $ —> Shaan the chomial racn tain pfue it J hob} Col x Me wyasible —> when on element can both Oridise aul Rede. —,f%an —> Standard Coll Porentinl, = Reduction _~ Dridation half (oll ah GL (more sve vou) (ss ve va) x+e—x = 0H - (-098) = #4.40y 2 positive £% AML rocane it jn a foul More Oxidivedl less Oxidisedd Specie. ov. left Reaction. tui? Coccrodle: Mekal Solution : a Calg om nin? Tp; SLL7 Ga*tog) + 28 == Culs aes Clacoon flow: Onidaion olf (ol. __, Recuckion hol Cll. (lass ave £4) ( mow +e ¢*) mao ave £* half Cll in the posidive, electrode aml \VSSE VERSA. Sj; 20? + De em nis fe3 4 16 —— fe Col 49 Cres, Cay Dit? 4 2° —— Ani) $= -0-9NV # On basin of £"ywhue we choose bo be cathode ond anode. Can ion solution Fet?/Fel with Pb olbubrelin ond. bah the ion Both elec tin aqua one inthe eledyolyte. wo. ledaolatey with Cone Sal. Bidyy Volbanetor -—~ SHE WITH Cle, Temp —> Both, Boll Sar. Wite OA 42° = Hay, C8 o0dv Medgon How oly if Pale. a * We Wie Pn sdaiv $0, (Re — ue He —> ant 26 Clot Ha —> 204" 2" o> Red.-Ox = 4.36- (0-08) = 44.26 = STANDARD HYDROGEN EvectRDoE; [HE] Con ack Oa bol on ANODE oa well. ox CATHODE 2H cagy + De” = Haegy 2% O.0V Ha goa ot leokPa and 248K —. | y » Bubbles, Lf Ea ee of 1—oflecebyte 1 moll? > Tonic ceu, fey fe Ou agp] mnt Grainy | Orgy rhea of gus we use 2 bell jar out plaiqum wise fr Ys Conduction 6"/ for > iS conned ib uith 0. mote Ave cell (*) Copper fe é nM SE ONY i QW 425" <& Ha 0.00y ™ ny Pe bad G a ont ete” vithubesin dada. t= 0.24-(0.00) “are 7084 ave hen fuble > SHE WaT ZINC; ant 4% => He 0.00y 242 > h=6"s00V Qn 420 = Anis) - 0.90 Zn —> An" Re" Fac = Fe ogy tok ne.» oxidation, 23 dypen of ellckrodin, Feasibilly, a paibine Cll value many foil reachi a) MMeto® elechrode with on elbctrobyte hit, th. mba rc Constant 1) gu clued th Pe aetode an bir for having I ~Ot Fenstabye— Gn of-nF Sul.) = 1000_—> for KU We eladaalybe

ht Pentiod HerAdd, Ua-» ol sobubion. number of ¢ iwwoved. in Reaction Lor OF. Crt deme CL $1 BY QN20+ Or *4e == yon” ~ 0.40V Phopuct At Cathe; Have 2a; ORE, Mass Pa [Str , Bf ace tose i Sb AF = 44s00Cml 104 v For Mins 5 for Noume;, lass pesibine m=: Qxpr Va. = Soa . F ni hae, . if Ratio, mass : charge, Vdlume : Cherys > Retna, oF METAL; dol mass At: nf 24: nF m: @ vol :@ = Impur, meal (% Cu) ob orode. + Pow mata /objs to be. clechoplabad, at Cablede, %; (Ga) _ 68.81 24400 olectolybes salt latin of meted x38 > Onidation State of on Jon => mmol of Cult+ 267 == Gutsy) .3Yy mo oP rua > The vebioge eDedioliyrn He impr anadu, (Oxidation) rn of metal» mot of Anode; N= MOGs | a Cuts __ Cu!® +267 * Cathode; (8)Pm_onicle of on ip discalved in on inert solvent owl Gut +e —> Cue obedtrebysed for 200hy and 0-808. Te woss of Ton dapesibed wo, 1.Mg.. —s inpuvtin Can be _any, two types Font. tbe stake? 4) Having £* tower than 0.30 (Got) @ Oraxt 0) nents Oridtsa into ion endl oes, inte ebevbral yb = 0900%(2xb0x)9) el y - = SHOL conned. 2) hing €* higher toa 0.34 (sett ot hme an sBadyy). © Chae smdeh ¢ © oh qes00 + A rol of motol >Oyanttatve LlectRos- suo i > 0.06 13 we dissems te mass of Substance dapailad oy the a= SH0 oo wlan of gy, thawed. on bas of ‘#500 4) time tod of 2 0.06 2) Gorent. Qa1 x be = Seperimental Determination f “Avoqnoros Constant" (L) 7 cere. time. (seconds) le thoigeo on wb fe = 50 (Ampere) davg on Ie 9 a" om Franny Constit + 96500 Cool [cheys ty Inet fe] (chai by te” > 46x16 "c) = 6.02x10 Le no of olla ofe: — charg, «mol of 6 esto: 1 (QIxe : # «fn Pouca. sof Cusly ty clhtebya ning Gpper dedndey. Gunert 1.5046 300 hy and S0%y of te dupnited. 4° 7 xine, Find Vadus of L. (Go) Le noo posse — 6 choy: woo no of paler ofe: 9.660": 4 O Gets (hme: x « LEx[3xb0xb0) xe 1.015% 10 = (62006 ‘On (uz £.09 = e.oxr oo Le 401s x0? (36 01604 Ornwl of (u: mob ofe L= 6.3123 x10 4:2 0.0802: % ee 0.1604 (6) 80, dissotves in water, foming H;S0,, " H,SO, can be oxidised under acidic conditions. Anta \ Te eer acre reeton ania abe ae icon pon?) ve ’ co rd Eva show Fost he S0,2-+4H*+26°$H,S0,+H,0 E°=+0.17V Four more half-equations for reactions occurring under acidic conditions, and their E* values, ‘are shown, H,80, + 3H" + 3e° 8 + 3H,0 £2073 BIO" + 2H" + 3e°—=Bi+H,0 +0.28V S+2H" + 20° HS +0.14V Sb + 3H" + 30° SoH, B= 051V Select the oxidising agent that coud oxidise H,S0, to S0,2~ions under acidic conltons Wite an equation, and give the Ey valu, forthe reaction that occurs oxidising agent ..BI0F. 201.0% 4 At + be» 2Bi 1H20 8H7$0y+3R20 —> 3504s" bo” equation... 280" 9. SHA8D4, +. HrP.—>. 281. 43507 + BHF = 023-044 FOAM en en] (3) Table 3.1 electrode reaction EN V+ 26° = ~1.20 Vite ve 0.26 VO? + 2H" +e" V8" + H,0 * 4034 VO," + 2H" +e" == VO* +H,0 Fe" + 20° Fe “044 Fe + Se" Fe =a Garp en He Carrnpra sor s2r) 1089 ved pore V0 (2) (i) Complete the diagram to show a standard hydrogen electrode. Label your diagram. Identity ll substances. You do net need to state standard conditions, Red. HC: Fel4s20 Fe Fe? foo" ate YO, antic moowe [Le ws Ve" vale % 8 4 wolfldm™ 28k = 1) (li) An electrochemical cells set up using an Fe°*/Fe%* electrode and a standard hydrogen electrode. Identify the positive electrode in the electrochemical cell and the direction of electron flow in the external circu poste seroae ...Fel2/ Fel i: 2 cierens tow tomthe..A* LBD... olaroio tote. PYF cro WS > Ond Fel a6 apt Fed 40 em Fet? OF7V m Wao 9 DAY 26 ae Ay 0-00V-9f ip. 7° (©) Te vanasiumconianing species in the elect reactions given in Table 3.1 are V, Vi, v8, VO and VO," Identity one vanadium-containing species that does not react with Fe ions under standard conditions. 0 vi VOM, WS £8. jp. ots regal. Han, 0.72 ofr... pesibive...Chon.0.U4. "1 (li) Identify all the vanadium-containing species that will react with Fe? ions under standard conditions. N.ond NO2** (1) (iii) Write an equation for one of the possible reactions identified in (ii). Fe + NOn?* + 2A + —> VOnt + FetS + H20 (€) Another electrochemical cells set up using an Fe** /Fe** electrode and an alkaline ClO-/CI- electrode, The concentration of Fe is 1000 times greater than the concentration of Fe?* in the Fe®*/Fe* electrode. All other conditions are standard. (Use the Nernst equation to calculate the E value of the Fe’*/ Fe” electrode. ee. OM via 7 OTN (ii) Write an equation for the reaction that occurs in the cell, under these conditions. 2Fo'S +00" 4.208 —> 2Fet4 ClO + W20. i) (4) Another electrochemical cal is set up using an Fe2*/Fe electrode and an alkaline C1O-/CI- electrode under standard conditions Calculate the value of AG® for the cell Alas -nF ¢8 ———_> = 2x4S00x 0.9% \ i» 2-230 ets, id ‘conceded 7-23-16 t on both) a6?» A396 amor 9]