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K. ABHISHEKAPURAM, PIRATTIYUR WEST, TIRUCHIRAPALLI – 620009 Affiliated to Central Board of Secondary Education, New Delhi Affiliation Number: 1931033 An investigatory project entitled ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION Submitted to the CENTRAL BOARD OF SECONDARY EDUCATION in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the AISSCE PRACTICAL EXAMINATION in PHYSICS (Subject Code: 042) Submitted by ROHITH BELIN.A (Reg No. ) Under the guidance of Mr. DANIEL AMIRTHARAJ M.Sc., M.Phil., B.Ed. 2023 - 2024
K. ABHISHEKAPURAM, PIRATTIYUR WEST, TIRUCHIRAPALLI – 620009 Affiliated to Central Board of Secondary Education, New Delhi Affiliation Number: 1931033 This is to certify that ROHITH BELIN.A. (Roll / Reg No. ) a student of Class XII has successfully completed the Project work entitled on Electromagnetic Induction for the academic year 2023 – 2024 in partial fulfillment of Practical Examination of AISSCE of Central Board of Secondary Education. PHYSICS TEACHER EXTERNAL EXAMINER PRINCIPAL ACKNOWLEDGEMENT CERTIFICATE
CONTENT
Certificate
Acknowledgement
Introduction
Theory
Aim
Materials Required
Observation
Conclusion
Application of Faraday’s law
Bibliography
Introduction:
Electromagnetic Induction: Electromagnetic or magnetic induction is the production of an electromotive force (i.e., voltage) across an electrical conductor due to its dynamic interaction with a magnetic field. Michael Faraday is generally credited with the discovery of induction in 1831, and James Clerk Maxwell mathematically described it as Faraday's law of induction. Lenz's law describes the direction of the induced field. Faraday's law was later generalized to become the Maxwell-Faraday equation, one of the four Maxwell's equations in James Clerk Maxwell's theory of electromagnetism. Electromagnetic induction has found many applications in technology, including electrical components such as inductors and transformers, and devices such as electric motors and generators.
Michael Faraday Electromagnetic induction Working of Electromagnetic Induction
Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction : Faraday's law of induction is a basic law of electromagnetism predicting how a magnetic field will interact with an electric circuit to produce an electromotive force (EMF)—a phenomenon called electromagnetic induction. It is the fundamental operating principle of transformers, inductors, and many types of electrical motors, generators, and solenoids. The Maxwell– Faraday equation is a generalization of Faraday's law and is listed as one of Maxwell's equations.
THEORY
The magnetic flux (B) through a surface is the component of the magnetic field passing through the surface. The SI unit of magnetic flux is weber (Wb). Faraday’s law of induction states that “the emf induced in a circuit is directly proportional to the time rate of changes of the magnetic flux through the circuit”
Mathematically
dt
* Remember ∅B is the magnetic flux through the circuit and is found
by
∅B = ʃ B. dA
* If the circuit consists of N loops, all the same area, and if ∅B is
the flux through one loop, an emf is induced in every loop and Faraday’s law becomes.
ℰ = - 𝑁 𝑑∅B
dt
* Assume a loop enclosing area A lies in a uniform magnetic field B.
* The magnetic flux through the loop is
∅B = BA cos θ
* The induced emf is
ℰ = - 𝑑/𝑑𝑡 (BA cos θ)
Ways of Inducing an emf
The magnitude of B can change with time. The area enclosed by the loop can change with time. The angle θ between B and the normal to the loop can change with time. Any combination of the above can occur.
CONCLUSION
Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction, (When there is a change in the magnet flux associated with a closed loop an emf is induced which constitutes an induced current) is true.
Application of Faraday’s Law
Faraday’s law gives rise to countless technological applications. The law has far-reaching consequences that have revolutionized the living of mankind after its discovery. Faraday’s discovery of electromagnetic induction has numerous industrial, technological, medical, and other applications. Some of them are briefed as follows:
Transformer
Transformers change voltages from one value to another. For example, devices such as cell phones, laptops, video games, power tools and small appliances have a transformer (built into their plugin unit) that changes 120 V into the proper voltage for the device. Transformers are also used at several points in power distribution systems, as shown in. Power is sent long distances at high voltages, as less current is required for a given amount of power (this means less line loss).
Induction cooking container’s size,shape and positioning is very important to achieve maximum output. Only Ferromagnetic materials like enameled steel, cast iron and stainless steel designed for induction can be used for induction cooking.
Electrical motors:
An electric motor is a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. The basic principles of operation for a motor are the same as those for a generator, except that a motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy (motion). (Read our atom on electric generators first.) Most electric motors use the interaction of magnetic fields and current-carrying conductors to generate force. Electric motors are found in applications as diverse as industrial fans, blowers and pumps, machine tools, household appliances, power tools, and disk drives.
Electric Generators
Electric generators convert mechanical energy to electrical energy; they induce an EMF by rotating a coil in a magnetic field. Electric generators are devices that convert mechanical energy to electrical energy. They induce an electromotive force (EMF) by rotating a coil in a magnetic field. It is a device that
- En.wikipedia.org
- Concepts of physics NCERT book
- New simplified S.L Aroara Physics Reference book
