Emotion - Physiological Psychology - Lecture Slides, Slides of Physiology

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Emotion

Emotion

What is an Emotion?

• Emotions

• subjective experiences that arise spontaneously

and unconsciously in response to the environment

around us.

• Emotions have two components:

• physical reaction (rapid heartbeat, etc.).
• conscious experience or feeling (sadness, anger,

etc.).

Which comes first, feeling or

physiological response?

James-Lange Theory of Emotion

• Emotion arises from

physiological arousal

Kassin, S. (2001). Docsity.com^5

Schachter’s Two-Factor Theory of Emotion

• Physiological arousal
  • Sweaty palms
  • Increased heart rate
  • Rapid breathing
• Cognitive Label
  • Attribute source of arousal to a cause.

Theories of Emotion and the Capilano Bridge Experiment

• Men confused fear of the bridge with sexual arousal.
• James-Lange assumes that emotions produce distinct physical responses, so results here do not support this theory.
• Cannon-Bard and Schachter would predict these results.

© Ted Streshinsky/CORBISDocsity.com 8

Brain Mechanisms of Emotion:

• The Limbic System
  • Amygdala
• Frontal cortex – lobotomies

Schizophrenia

• Positive Symptoms

• Delusions
• Hallucinations
• Disorganized speech
• Disorganized behavior

• Negative Symptoms

• Social withdrawal
• Mood disturbance

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John Nash

© Najlah Feanny/CORBIS

Genetics and Schizophrenia

• Concordance rate in identical twins is 50%.
• Adoption studies support a strong genetic role.
• As many as 70 genes may be involved.

Mesolimbic System

• Medial forebrain bundle (MFB): midbrain (ventral tegmental area – VTA)

limbic system (nucleus accumbens)

• Many neurons in this system use dopamine.
• This system may function as a “reward circuit.”

• Schizophrenia
  • Negative symptoms
  • Brain damage
    • Many of the negative symptoms are also seen in people with brain damage
  • Hypofrontality
    • Decreased activity in prefrontal cortex

Normal Twin Twin w/ Schizophrenia 17

Negative symptoms: Brain damage

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Loss of gray matter with age

Cause of delay of onset??

Negative symptoms: Brain damage

Environmental Contributions to Schizophrenia

• Rh incompatibility
• Father’s age
• Maternal exposure to viruses during pregnancy
  • Geographical patterns
  • Seasonality effect

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Negative symptoms: Brain damage