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EMT BASIC EXAM 1 2026 PRACTICE QUESTION SET TWO, Exams of Reasoning

Princeton UniversityReasoning

EMT BASIC EXAM 1 2026 PRACTICE QUESTION SET TWO

Typology: Exams

2025/2026

Available from 12/13/2025

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EMT BASIC EXAM 1 2026 PRACTICE QUESTION
SET TWO
◉ Standards declared by NHTSA. Answer: - regulation and policy
- resource management (supplies)
- Human Resources and training
- transportation
- facilities
- communications
- public information and education (helmets, seatbelt, carseats)
- medical direction
- trauma systems
- evaluation
◉ how to contact EMT. Answer: 911
◉ enhanced 911. Answer: - automatic number identification
- automatic location information
◉ benefits of 911. Answer: - convenient
- universal
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EMT BASIC EXAM 1 2026 PRACTICE QUESTION

SET TWO

◉ Standards declared by NHTSA. Answer: - regulation and policy

  • resource management (supplies)
  • Human Resources and training
  • transportation
  • facilities
  • communications
  • public information and education (helmets, seatbelt, carseats)
  • medical direction
  • trauma systems
  • evaluation ◉ how to contact EMT. Answer: 911 ◉ enhanced 911. Answer: - automatic number identification
  • automatic location information ◉ benefits of 911. Answer: - convenient
  • universal
  • public safety answering is staffed by professionals ◉ what challenges 911 calls and how?. Answer: - cell phones
  • not identified with a fixed site
  • location goes to closest cell tower ◉ EMS systems. Answer: - fire department
  • municipal
  • private
  • hospital based
  • law enforcement ◉ levels of providers. Answer: - Emergency Medical Responder
  • Emergency medical technician (EMT)
  • Advanced EMT
  • paramedic ◉ where does health care begin and end?. Answer: begins in the field and ends in facilities like rehab or the hospital
  • CONTINUUM OF CARE
  • mostly indirect medical oversight ◉ direct medical oversight. Answer: physician director is physical giving directions ◉ indirect medical oversight. Answer: written or standing orders ◉ online medical direction. Answer: phone call to hospital physician while on scene ◉ offline/standing orders. Answer: protocol ◉ medical direction. Answer: - participate in education and EMS quality assurance
  • developing and establishing the guidelines that EMS follow ◉ quality improvement. Answer: - look at what needs to be improved
  • preventative maintenance (going over a certain skill)
  • continuing education ◉ issues in patient safety. Answer: - transfer of care from 1 provider to another can cause a loss of information
  • carrying and moving patients
  • ambulance transport destinations ◉ what errors can cause patient harm?. Answer: - improper skill performance
  • not following the rules
  • lack of knowledge ◉ research in EMS. Answer: 1. formulate a question
  1. find scholarly articles relating to the research question
  2. determine validity and reliability of the article
  3. if evidence supports a change in practice --> change protocols and implement change ◉ public health. Answer: deals with protecting the health of an entire population ◉ public health promotes health through.... Answer: - vaccinations
  • car safety
  • infectious disease control
  • reduce heart disease
  • healthier foods

◉ stressors of being an EMT. Answer: - long hours

  • boredom between calls
  • working too hard ◉ stress reactions. Answer: - Acute Stress Reaction
  • Delayed Stress Reaction
  • Cumulative Stress Reaction
  • PTSD ◉ stress reactions can be.... Answer: - physical
  • mental
  • social
  • behavioral
  • psychological ◉ stress symptoms. Answer: - lack of understanding
  • fear of separation
  • inability to plan
  • frustrated desire to share ◉ Highway Safety Act. Answer: - 1966
  • improved federal, state, and local coordination and created training standards for emergency medical technicians ◉ Emergency Medical Services System Act of 1973. Answer: provided access to millions of dollars of funding for EMS ◉ American Heart Association (1970). Answer: taught CPR (CPR was creating in the 60s) ◉ Blueprint. Answer: - 1993
  • discussed issues in EMS training/education
  • formed a national curriculum ◉ EMS Agenda for the Future. Answer: - 1996
  • comprehensive evaluation of the history of EMS
  • Casts a vision for the future for EMS in the United States ◉ EMS Education Agenda for the Future. Answer: - 2000
  • issues of education and license consistencies ◉ National EMS Core Content. Answer: - 2005
  • universal knowledge and skills for EMS
  • isolation
  • flashbacks
  • conflicts ◉ critical incident stress management. Answer: - mental replays
  • fear of EMS work
  • inability to perform EMS job ◉ critical incident stress debriefing. Answer: - within 24 to 72 hours
  • get EMS personnel to share feelings and review events ◉ critical incident defusing. Answer: EMS personnel share and vent their feelings ◉ When does burnout occur?. Answer: it occurs over time ◉ how to wash hands?. Answer: - wet hands and apply soap
  • lather back hand, between fingers and under nails
  • scrub for 20 secs
  • rinse
  • dry

◉ stress. Answer: body's response to any demand ◉ demand/stressor. Answer: stimulus that produces a stress reaction ◉ coping mechanism types. Answer: - short term

  • intermediate mechanisms
  • mature mechanisms ◉ short term coping mechanisms. Answer: - denial
  • acting out
  • trivializing ◉ intermediate mechanisms. Answer: - displacement
  • workaholism
  • intellectualization
  • reaction formation ◉ mature mechanisms. Answer: - suppression
  • distracting
  • active problem solving
  • helminths ◉ bacteria. Answer: - single cell
  • usually use antibiotics ◉ common bacterial infections. Answer: - TB
  • sinus infection
  • ear infection
  • pneumonia
  • strep throat ◉ viruses. Answer: - require hot to survive
  • DONT use antibiotics
  • treat symptoms ◉ viruses. Answer: - require host to survive
  • DONT use antibiotics
  • treat symptoms ◉ fungi. Answer: - plant like
  • problem in immunocompromised patients

◉ protozoa. Answer: - single cell

  • found in soil ◉ common protozoa infections. Answer: - gastroenteritis
  • some vaginal infections ◉ helminths. Answer: parasitic worms ◉ diseases are caused by.... Answer: pathogens ◉ communicable disease. Answer: - can be passed from person to person
  • direct transmission
  • indirect transmission ◉ direct transmission. Answer: - blood to blood
  • contact with mucous membranes or wounds
  • contact with respiratory secretions ◉ indirect transmission. Answer: spread through contact with an object

◉ best protection against liability. Answer: - perform a systematic patient assessment

  • provide appropriate medical care
  • maintain accurate and complete documentation ◉ scope of practice. Answer: - the actions and care that EMTs are legally allowed to perform by the state in which they work in
  • establishes boundaries ◉ scope of practice doesn't contain. Answer: - protocols
  • standard of care definition ◉ standard of care. Answer: - care that is expected to be provided by an EMT
  1. was the right assessment and care provided
  2. was assessment and care provided correctly ◉ duty to act. Answer: - while in uniform
  • if not in uniform --> don't have to act ◉ acting while off duty. Answer: - can provide care will off duty
  • cannot leave patient until someone appropriate comes

◉ duty to act responsibilities. Answer: - patient advocacy

  • duty to self
  • duty to partner
  • responsibility for equipment ◉ Good Samaritan law. Answer: - applies when helping someone for good faith and while NOT BEING PAID
  • protects against liability
  • DOESN'T protect against gross negligence
  • still have to work within scope of practice and standard of care ◉ sovereign immunity. Answer: Government employees are protected from lawsuits ◉ contributory negligence on patients part. Answer: - withholding information
  • ..... ◉ ethics. Answer: - rules or standards of conduct
  • what is right

◉ informed consent. Answer: - patient is informed of what is the treatment options are ◉ expressed consent. Answer: patient's verbal or nonverbal confirmation that he agrees to treatment ◉ implied consent. Answer: - emergency doctrine (unconscious/immediately life threatening)

  • assumes that a patient who is unresponsive or incompetent to give consent would if he were able to ◉ minor treatment. Answer: - consent must be given from caregiver or guardian
  • if guardian cannot be reached then implied consent
  • parental consent isn't needed for emancipated minors ◉ involuntary consent. Answer: - mentally incompetent adults or people in law enforcement custody
  • consent is obtained from a 3rd party (guardian or law enforcement) ◉ what consent does health care proxy use. Answer: involuntary consent

◉ advance directives. Answer: - based on patient's right to self determination

  • documents the wishes of the chronically/terminally ill patient ◉ Types of Advanced Directives. Answer: a) Living Will - expresses client's wishes regarding medical treatment in the event the client becomes incapacitated and is facing end of life issues (feeding tube/life support equipment) b) Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care- designates a health care proxy who is an individual authorized to make health care decisions for a client who is unable c) DNR - only regarding respiratory or cardiac arrest ◉ Issues with Advanced Directives. Answer: - determining validity of document
  • interpreting the orders
  • conflicts between the DNR and wishes of the family ◉ how to proceed when there are issues with an advanced directive?. Answer: - if in doubt, consider initiating immediate treatment
  • contact medical direction