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EMT OB-GYN/Pediatrics Exam Questions with Answers
1.Placenta previa is defined as:: The placenta develops over and covers the cervix 2.Tissue that develops on the wall of the uterus and is connected to the fetus: Placenta 3.A fluid-filled, bag like membrane inside the uterus that grows around the developing fetus: Amniotic sac 4.Connects mother and infant: Umbilical cord 5.The neck of the uterus: Cervix 6.The vagina and lower part of the uterus: Birth canal
- is heralded by the onset of convulsions, or seizures, resulting from severe hypertension in the pregnant woman.: Eclampsia 8.A 33-year-old woman who is 36 weeks pregnant is experiencing vaginal bleeding. During transport, you note that she becomes diaphoretic, tachy- cardic, and hypotensive. You should:: Place her in the left lateral recumbent position 9.A history of pelvic inflammatory disease or tubal ligations increases a
woman's risk for:: An ectopic pregnancy 10.AN infant is considered to be premature if it:: Weighs less than 5lb or is born before 36 weeks' gestation 11.During your visual inspection of a 25-year-old woman in labor, you see the baby's head crowning at the vaginal opening. What should you do?: Apply gentle pressure to the baby's head as it delivers 12.Once the infant's head has been delivered: A. suction the infant's nose, and then the mouth. B. apply oxygen over the mother's vagina. C. suction the infant's mouth, then the nose. D. apply a nasal cannula at 3 L/min to the infant.: Suction the infant's mouth, then the nose 13.Supine hypotensive syndrome occurs when:: The pregnant uterus com- presses the inferior vena cava 14.The presence of meconium in the amniotic fluid indicates: Select one: A. an expected finding in full-term infants. B. that the fetus is at least 4 weeks premature. C. that full newborn resuscitation will be needed.
15.Which of the following is NOT a component of the Apgar score? Pulse Activity Grimace Body size: Body size 16.You and your partner are both male and are attending to a 28-year-old female patient complaining of diffuse abdominal pain. The patent is 34 weeks pregnant with her first child. The patient refuses to allow you to examine her, and her husband informs you that their culture does not allow males to examine or care for pregnant women.You should:: Respect the patient's wishes, ensure that the appropriate documentation is completed, and transport the patient 17.Your 22-year-old patient is in active labor. Upon visual inspection, you note that the infant's leg is protruding from the vagina. Appropriate management of this situation includes: Placing the mother supine with her head down and pelvis elevated
18.By the end of pregnancy, the pregnant patient's heart rate increases up to 20%, or about beats more per minute.: 20
- is a developmental defect in which a portion of the spinal cord protrudes outside the vertebrae.: Spina bifida 20.The leading cause of maternal death in the first trimester is internal hem- orrhage into the abdomen following the rupture of a(n):: Ectopic pregnancy 21.A 2-year-old female has experienced a seizure. hen you arrive at the scene, the child is conscious, crying, and clinging to her mother. Her skin is hot and moist. The mother tells you that the seizure lasted approximately 5 minutes. She further tells you that her daughter has no history of seizures, but has had a recent ear infection. You should:: Cool the child with tepid water and transport to the hospital 22.A 2-month-old infant was found unresponsive in his crib by his mother. When you arrive, you determine that the infant is apneic and pulseless. His skin is pale and cold and his arms are stiff.You should:: Inform the child's mother that her son is deceased 23.An infant or child with respiratory distress will attempt to keep his or her alveoli expanded at the end of inhalation by:: Grunting
25.Drawing in of the muscles between the ribs or of the sternum during inspiration is called:: Retracting
- During the attempted resuscitation of an infant with suspected SIDS:: Allow the family to observe if they wish 27.Early signs of respiratory distress in the child include:: Restlessness 28.Febrile seizures in a child:: May indicate a serious underlying illness 29.In contrast to adults, deterioration to cardiac arrest in infants and children is usually associated with:: Severe hypoxia and bradycardia 30.The first month of life after birth is referred to as the:: Neonatal period 31.The signs and symptoms of poisoning in children:: Vary widely, depending on the child's age and weight 32.When a child experiences a blunt chest injury:: The flexible ribs can be compressed without breaking 33.When assessing an infant's ventilation status, you should:: Palpate the abdomen for rise and fall 34.When assessing the heart rate of a 6-month-old infant, you should palpate the brachial or pulse.: Femoral 35.Which of the following statements regarding spinal injuries in pediatric
patients is correct?: If the cervical spine is injured, it is most likely to be an injury to the ligaments because of rapid movement of the head 36.Which of the following statements regarding sudden infant death syn- drome (SIDS) is correct?: Death as a result of SIDS can occur at any time of the day or night 37.You are dispatched to a residence for a child with respiratory distress. The patient, and 18-monht-old female, is tachypneic, has sternal retractions, and is clinging to her mother. Her skin is pink and dry, and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. The MOST appropriate treatment for this child includes:: Adminis- tering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother 38.A pediatric patient with a fever, pain on palpation of the right lower quad- rant, and rebound tenderness is likely suffering from .: Appendicitis 39.The proper depth of chest compressions on a 9-month-old infant is:: - One-third the diameter of the chest, or about 1 1/2 inches 40.The proper hand placement for chest compressions is accomplished by placing the hell of one hand on the sternum:: Between the nipples 41.What is the correct ratio of compressions to ventilations when
mobile phone is in your car. After confirming that the child is in cardiac arrest, you should:: Call 9-1-1 and then return to begin CPR on the child 43.You are attending to a 3-year-old male patient who is presenting with severe shortness of breath. His parents report that he has had a cough and cold with a low grade fever for the past two days. They became worried today, as his level of distress has increased dramatically. On assessment, the patient is sitting upright and making high-pitched noises with each breath. Based on this information, the patient is most likely suffering from:: Viral infection of the upper respiratory tract 44.One sign of foreign body aspiration in a child may be an abnormality in the .: Voice/breath sounds 45.A 13-year-old child is on a home ventilator. The parents called because the mechanical ventilator is malfunctioning and the child has increasing respi- ratory distress. You should:: Disconnect the ventilator and apply a tracheostomy collar 46.A 15-year-old boy was killed when he was struck by a car while riding his bicycle. He has numerous disfiguring injuries and has been placed in the back of the ambulance to shield him from curious bystanders. When the
child's parents arrive at the scene, they demand to see him. You should:: Advise them that their son had severely disfiguring injuries, and ask them if there is anyone they would like you to contact first 47.A 15-year-old female was struck by a small car while riding her bicycle. She was wearing a helmet and was thrown to the ground, striking her head. In addition to managing problems associated with airway, breathing, and circulation, it is MOST important for you to:: Stabilize her entire spine 48.A 4-year-old boy had an apparent seizure. He is conscious and calm and is sitting on his mother's lap. His father is sitting nearby in a chair. The child's mother suddenly begins crying uncontrollably, which causes the child to start crying. You should:: Ask the father to hold the child so you can assess him while your partner tries to calm the mother 49.A 6-motnh-old male presents with 2 days of vomiting and diarrhea. He is conscious, but his level of activity is decreased. The infant's mother tells you that he has not had a soiled diaper in over 12 hours. The infant's heart rate is 140 beats/min and his anterior fontanelle appears to be slightly sunken. You should suspect:: Moderate dehydration 50.A nuchal cord is defined as an umbilical cord that:: Is wrapped around
51.According to the START triage system, what should you do if a patient is found to have a respiratory rate of 24 breaths/min?: Assess for bilateral radial pulses 52.After determining that an infant or child has strong central pulses, you should:: Not rule out compensated shock 53.Airway management can be challenging in patients with Down syndrome because their:: Teeth are misaligned and they have a large tongue 54.All of the following are normal findings in an infant or child, EXCEPT: Quiet breathing Fear or anxiety Belly breathing Head bobbing: Head bobbing 55.By the 20th week of pregnancy, the uterus is typically at or above the level of the mother's:: Belly button 56.Children are often "belly breathers" because .: Their intercostal muscles are not developed
57.Children with N meningitides would MOST likely present with:: Cherry red spots or a purplish rash
- CPR is in progress on a pregnant woman. Shortly after manually displacing her uterus to the left, return of spontaneous circulation occurs. Which of the following would MOST likely explain this?: Pressure was relieved from her aorta and vena cava, which improved chest compression effectiveness 59.Down syndrome is a genetic defect that occurs as the result of:: A triplica- tion of chromosome 21 60.Down syndrome patients are at an increased risk for medical complica- tions. Which of the following is NOT one of these potential complications? Respiratory Cardiovascular Gastrointestinal Endocrine: Respiratory complications 61.A compression injury to the anterior portion of the brain and stretching of the posterior portion is called a(n) brian injury: Coup-contrecoup 62.Explain how to clamp and cut the umbilical cord.: Wait for the cord to
63.What is the purpose of the amniotic sac and typically how much fluid does it hold?: Contains about 500 to 1,000 mL of amniotic fluid, which helps insulate and protect the floating fetus 64.What are the three components of the pediatric assessment triangle?: Ap- pearance (muscle tone and mental status) Work of breathing Circulation to the skin 65.What is the main difference between pre-eclampsia and eclampsia?: - Eclamptic patients are seizing. Pre-eclampsia patients are headed towards eclamp- sia due to hypertension. Have headaches and vision changes and need to get their blood pressure under control. 66.How many stages of labor are there?: 3 67.What do bulging and sunken fontanelles tell you?: Bulging fontanelles can indicate increased intracranial pressure or be suggestive of meningitis. Sunken fontanelles can indicate dehydration. 68.A 70-year-old male complains of shortness of breath. During your as- sessment, you note that he has bilateral hearing aids. When you ask him
questions related to his chief complaint, he does not answer you.You can hear a whistling sound coming from his hearing aids. You should:: Try repositioning the hearing aid or remove it and turn down the volume 69.A surgical procedure that creates an opening between the intestine and surface of the body that allows for elimination of waste products is called a(n).: Colostomy 70.A tube from the brain to the abdomen that drains excessive cerebrospinal fluid is called a:: Shunt
- According to the "E" in the DOPE mnemonic, which of the following actions should you perform to troubleshoot inadequate ventilation in a patient with a tracheostomy tube?: Check the mechanical ventilator for malfunction 72.Cerebral palsy is a condition that results from damage or injury to the:: - Brain 73.Patients with autism:: Have extreme difficulty with complex tasks that require many steps. 74.A(n) is a special piece of medical equipment that takes over the function of either one or both heart ventricles.: Left ventricular assist device (LVAD)
77.The most common presenting sign of pelvic inflammatory disease is:: - Lower abdominal pain 78.You have just delivered a premature baby. Your assessment reveals that he is breathing adequately; however, his heart rate is 90 beats/min. You should: - Keep him warm and ventilate him with a BVM
