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EMT UNIT 2 EXAM JB LEARNING.
A by-product of involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation is: - ANSWERheat A patient has a blood pressure of 130/70 mm Hg. The "130" in this measurement represents: - ANSWERventricular contraction A patient has a large accumulation of blood in the sac surrounding the heart. Which type of shock would this condition cause? - ANSWERObstructive Bile is produced by the liver and concentrated and stored in the: - ANSWERgallbladder If a patient's chest barely moves during inhalation, even if the patient's respiratory rate is normal, you should suspect that: - ANSWERminute volume is decreased Large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are generated when: - ANSWERthe cells function with adequate oxygen Pathophysiology is the study of the functional changes that occur when the body reacts to a particular: - ANSWERdisease
The ___________ is made up of the maxilla and zygoma, as well as the frontal bone of the cranium. - ANSWERorbit The ____________ is a muscular dome that forms the inferior boundary of the thorax, separating the thorax from the abdomen. - ANSWERdiaphragm The brain connects to the spinal cord through a large opening at the base of the skull called the: - ANSWERforamen magnum The central nervous system is composed of the: - ANSWERbrain and spinal cord The waste products of aerobic metabolism include: - ANSWERcarbon dioxide and water Urine is transported from the kidneys to the urinary bladder via the: - ANSWERureters What happens when blood volume is lost from the body? - ANSWERThe arteries contract to increase the blood pressure What is the function of the fallopian tubes? - ANSWERTo transport a mature egg to the uterus Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin? - ANSWERmetabolic coordniation
Foods, medications, and insects are common causes of ________ - ANSWERanaphylactic shock Hypovolemic shock caused by severe burns is the result of a loss of: - ANSWERplasma In an acute injury setting, neurogenic shock is commonly accompanied by: - ANSWERhypothermia Inadequate circulation of blood throughout the body is called ________. - ANSWERshock Pulmonary edema and impaired ventilation occur during: - ANSWERcardiogenic shock Shock due to severe infection is called ________. - ANSWERseptic shock To protect vital organs, the body compensates by directing blood flow away from organs that are more tolerant of low flow, such as: - ANSWERthe skin What are the three components of the "perfusion triangle"? - ANSWERheart (pump), blood vessels, blood When assessing a patient with signs and symptoms of shock, it is important to remember that: - ANSWERblood pressure may be the last measurable factor to change in shock.
When should nonlifesaving interventions be performed for your multisystem trauma patient? - ANSWERen route to hospital When treating an 80-year-old patient who is in shock, it is important to remember that: - ANSWERchanges in gastric motility may delay gastric emptying, which increases the risk for vomiting. Which of the following injuries would MOST likely cause obstructive shock? - ANSWERcardiac tamponade Which of the following is the ONLY action that can prevent eventual death from a tension pneumothorax? - ANSWERDecompression of the injured side of the chest You suspect your patient is in shock. You note the patient's skin is pale. This is likely due to ___________. - ANSWERperipheral vasoconstriction Your patient has a decreased cardiac output and poor myocardial contractility. This will likely lead to ___________. - ANSWERcardiogenic shock Your patient is in shock, but the body's defense mechanisms are currently able to maintain adequate circulation. This is called ___________. - ANSWERcompensated shock A 19-year-old female is found unconscious by her roommate. Your primary assessment reveals that her breathing is inadequate. As you insert an oropharyngeal airway, she begins to gag violently. You should: - ANSWERremove the airway and be prepared to suction her oropharynx
The physical act of moving air into and out of the lungs is called: - ANSWERventilation What occurs when a patient is breathing very rapidly and shallowly? - ANSWERAir moves primarily in the anatomic dead space and does not participate in pulmonary gas exchange When testing a mechanical suctioning unit, you should turn on the device, clamp the tubing, and ensure that it generates a vacuum pressure of more than: - ANSWER300 mmHg Which of the following is the MOST reliable indicator of adequately performed bag-valve mask ventilations in an apneic adult with a pulse? - ANSWERAdequate rise of the chest when squeezing the bag Which of the following patients is breathing adequately? - ANSWERA conscious male with respirations of 19 breaths/min and pink skin Which of the following patients should you place in the recovery position? - ANSWERA 31-year-old semiconscious male with low blood sugar and adequate breathing Which of the following statements regarding breathing adequacy is correct? - ANSWERPatients breathing shallowly may require assisted ventilation despite a normal respiratory rate. Which of the following statements regarding normal gas exchange in the lungs is correct? - ANSWEROxygen and carbon dioxide diffuse across the alveolar walls and capillaries
Which of the following statements regarding oxygen is correct? - ANSWEROxygen supports the combustion process and may cause a fire Which of the following structures is NOT found in the upper airway? - ANSWERBronchus You are performing mouth-to-mask ventilations with oxygen connected and set at a flow rate of 15 L/min. What percentage of oxygen is your patient receiving? - ANSWER55% You are ventilating a patient with a stoma; however, air is escaping from the mouth and nose. To prevent this, you should: - ANSWERseal the mouth and nose After spiking a bag of IV fluid for the paramedic, the EMT notices that the drip chamber is too full. The EMT should: - ANSWERinvert the IV bag and squeeze the drip chamber. When the EMT assists a paramedic with an advanced intervention, he or she should recall that the focus of the intervention is on: - ANSWERsolving a clinical problem The effectiveness of pit crew CPR is dependent on: - ANSWERdefining clear roles and responsibilities before the call is received A team of EMTs is caring for a critically injured patient. The team leader advises the EMT that transport will not begin until the patient's closed forearm fracture is splinted. Utilizing the crew resource management model,
When working as an independent health care group member, the EMT should expect that he or she: - ANSWERdoes not have to wait for an assignment before performing a task. A 31-year-old female is experiencing an acute asthma attack. She is conscious and alert, but in obvious respiratory distress. After assisting her with her prescribed MDI, you should: - ANSWERreassess the patient and document her response to the medication A 62-year-old male is seen with crushing chest pain, which he describes as being the same kind of pain that he had with a previous heart attack. He has prescribed nitroglycerin but states that he has not taken any. After administering supplemental oxygen if needed and contacting medical control, you should: - ANSWERassist him with his nitroglycerin unless his systolic blood pressure is less than 100 mm Hg Activated charcoal is an example of a(n): - ANSWERsuspension Advil, Nuprin, and Motrin are trade names for the generic medication: - ANSWERibuprofen After taking diphenhydramine (Benadryl) for an allergic reaction, a person begins experiencing drowsiness and a dry mouth. These findings are an example of a(n): - ANSWERside effect In ___________ administration, you are administering medication to yourself or your partner. - ANSWERpeer-assisted
Medications encased in a gelatin shell that are taken by mouth are called: - ANSWERcapsules The amount of medication that is given is known as the _________. - ANSWERdose The process of binding or sticking to a surface is called: - ANSWERadsorption The term "pharmacology" is MOST accurately defined as: - ANSWERthe study of drugs and their actions on the body. What is the route of administration for the EpiPen auto-injector? - ANSWERintramuscular When assessing an elderly male who complains of nausea and generalized weakness, you find that he takes atorvastatin (Lipitor) and amlodipine (Norvasc). These medications suggest a history of: - ANSWERcardiovascular disease Which of the following clinical signs would necessitate the administration of naloxone (Narcan)? - ANSWERslow respirations Which of the following is an example of a rules-based medication error? - ANSWERThe EMT administers a drug that is not approved by the medical director Which of the following is required for an EMT to administer a drug to a patient? - ANSWERMedical director approval
