Endocrine system - a summary, Slides of Clinical chemistry

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| Endocrine Glands | « The hypothalamus is responsible for certain metabolic processes and other activities of the autonomic nervous system. e It synthesizes and secretes certain neurohormones, often called releasing hormones or hypothalamic hormones, and these in turn stimulate or inhibit the secretion of pituitary hormones. ° The hypothalamus controls body temperature, hunger, fatigue, sleep, etc. Functions of Pituitary Gland Growth Blood pressure Some aspects of pregnancy and childbirth including stimulation of uterine contractions during childbirth Breast milk production Sex organ functions in both males and females Thyroid gland function The conversion of food into energy (metabolism) Water and osmolarity regulation in the body Water balance via the control of reabsorption of water by the kidneys Temperature regulation © Pain relief Carlen Wersomn e The thyroid gland controls how quickly the body uses energy, makes proteins, and controls how sensitive the body is to other hormones. ° These hormones regulate the growth and rate of function of many other systems in the body. « Thyroid hormones act throughout the body, influencing metabolism, growth and development, and body temperature. ° During infancy and childhood, adequate thyroid hormone is crucial for brain development Front View of Neck Enlargement of Parathyroid Gland Thyroid Gland Parathyroid Glands (behind Thyroid) * Trachea (windpipe) « Parathyroid hormone regulates the body’s calcium levels. e The parathyroid essentially helps the nervous and muscular systems function properly. ° Calcium is the primary element that causes muscles to contract, and calcium levels are very important to the normal conduction of electrical currents along nerves. * The most common disease of parathyroid glands is hyperparathyroidism, which is characterized by excess PTH hormone. Saas _ Function of Thymus « Helping the body protect itself against autoimmunity, which occurs when the immune system turns against itself. ete thymus plays a vital role in the lymphatic system (your __body’s defence network) and endocrine system. : « Protects the body from certain threats, including viruses and infections. oN Adrenal Gland (7 °*-S> Adrenal gland cortex medulla | | right left | adrenal adrenal gland. “9 /@ gland ff | 1 j fo fA, f z i Kidney