english exercises practice, Exercises of English

Download english exercises practice and more Exercises English in PDF only on Docsity! 1 | P a g e I. LISTENING (50 points) Part 1. For questions 1-5, listen to a milestone in the field of nuclear-fusion energy and decide whether these statements are True (T), False (F), or Not Given (NG). Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. 1. After years of little progress, obtaining a burning plasma state in the lab is a major stride towards turning fusion energy into a sustainable energy source. 2. The self-heating process was the secret behind the success of the experiment, which spit out such a large amount of power. 3. Ignition refers to the point at which the fuel is self-heating more rapidly than it is cooling. 4. Nuclear fission is a more efficient source of energy than burning fossil fuels. 5. This is the first time the optimal conditions for the fusion reactions to occur are thoroughly understood. 1 2 3 4 5 Part 2. For questions 6-10, listen to a report on a popular series and answer the questions. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS or NUMBERS taken from the recording for each answer in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. 6. On what reviewing platform does Squid Game earn a perfect critics' score of 100 per cent? …………………………………………………………………… 7. How can the series, to a lesser extent, be characterized as being? 2 | P a g e …………………………………………………………………… 8. What have Korean cultural exports achieved in the US? …………………………………………………………………… 9. What facilitated the storytelling of the series, which was both unique and captivating? …………………………………………………………………… 10. Besides being a source of extreme gruesomeness, what function does the series serve? …………………………………………………………………… 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Part 3: You will hear part of an interview in which two scientists called Jessica Conway and Paul Flower are talking about exploration and discovery. For questions 11 to 15, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which fits best according to what you hear. 11. Regarding new species found around underwater craters, Jessica says that A. they are being discovered less often these days. B. they are more abundant in certain locations. C. it is difficult to estimate possible numbers. D. there are problems classifying them. 12. When asked about geographical discoveries in general, Paul and Jessica agree that scientists need to A. make regular reassessments of their work. B. compare their respective results. C. recognize their limitations. D. promote their findings. 13. What does Paul say about walking when no one has ever walked before? A. It recharges his tired mind. B. It makes him feel he is unique. C. It gives him a sense of belonging. D. It helps him forget physical discomfort. 14. When asked about others visiting remote areas, Paul A. supports the public’s right to experience them. B. expresses his concern of growing urbanization. C. suggests it would benefit local communities. D. criticizes the attitude of some tourists. 15. In Paul’s view, future generations will A. only need to go online to experience the thrill of adventure. B. have to reduce travel for environment reasons. C. be less interested in the concept of exploration. D. still be attracted to isolated places. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 5 | P a g e III. READING COMPREHENSION (60 points) Part 1. Read the passage and fill in each gap with a suitable word. Public opinion polls show that crime is viewed as one of the most serious problems of many societies. Yet, 46. studies have revealed that the amount of violent crime is 47. . Our peculiar awareness and fear is largely brought about by the great attention it is 48. in the mass media and also because of violent crime being a popular theme for television series and films. Among all crimes, murder makes the 49. and there is a little doubt that homicides still continue to be a 50. question in a number of countries. The various causes of severe crime are being constantly 51. and innumerable reasons for it are being pointed out. Among these are unemployment, drug abuse, inadequate police enforcement, ineffective courts, racial discrimination, television and the general decline in social values. An acknowledged fact is that it is mainly poverty that 52. crime. Individual incapable of 53. for themselves and their families the rudimentary means of living unavoidably take 54. stealing, burgling or committing other offences. We may try to explain crime on different 55. - cultural, economic, psychological or political, but criminologists are still far from detecting the exact source of violent offences as the direct link between these particular factors isn’t possible to specify. 41. A. postulating B. philosophizing C. examining D. penetrating 42. A. customized B. overestimated C. presupposed D. outspoken 43. A. granted B. awarded C. devoted D. entrusted 44. A. headlines B. titles C. captions D. spotlights 45. A. burdening B. obstructing C. nagging D. contending 46. A. debated B. conversed C. uttered D. articulated 47. A. rears B. nurtures C. breeds D. urges 48. A. insuring B. affording C. securing D. accommodating 49. A. on B. to C. for D. with 50. A. motives B. drives C. grounds D. Reasons Part 2: Complete the following passage by filling each blank with ONE suitable word. Write your answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided. The game of solving difficult puzzles has always filled people with the feeling of a profound excitement. No (56) , then, that the fascination of treasure hunting has invariably been associated with the possibility of (57) the most improbable dreams. According to what the psychologists claim, there is a little boy in every treasure hunter. Yet, the chase of hidden valuables has recently become a serious venture with amateur and professional seekers equipped with highly sophisticated (58) like metal detectors, radars, sonars or underwater cameras. 6 | P a g e What (59) the adrenaline level in these treasure - obsessed fanatics are legends, myths, old maps and other variety of clues promising immeasurable fortunes (60) beneath the earth’s surface or drowned in the ancient galleys. For many reassure hunters the struggle of hint searching is even more stimulating than digging out a treasure (61) composed of golden or silver objects, jeweler and other priceless artifacts. The job is, however, extremely strenuous as even the most puzzling clues must be thoroughly analyzed. Failures and misinterpretations (62) quite frequently, too. Yet, (63) the most unlikely clue or the smallest find is enough to reinforce the hunter's self - confidence and passion. Indeed, the delight in treasure finding doesn't always depend on acquiring tremendous amounts of valuables. Whatever is detected, (64) it a rusty sundial or a marble statue, brings joy and (65) after a long and exhausting search. Part 3. Read the passage and choose the best answer A, B, C or D. Medieval Europe abounded in castles. Germany alone had ten thousand and more, most of them now vanished; all that summer journey in the Rhineland and the south-west now can show are a handful of ruins and a few nineteenth century restorations. Nevertheless, anyone journeying from Spain to the Dvina, from Calabria to Wales, will find castles rearing up again and again to dominate the open landscape. There they will stand, indesolate and uninhabited districts where the only visible forms of life are herdsman and their flocks, with hawks circling the battlements, far from the traffic and comfortably distant even from the nearest small town; these were the strongholds of the European aristocracy. The weight of aristocratic dominance was felt in Europe until well after the French Revolution; political and social structure, the church, the general tenor of thought and feeling were all influenced by it. Over the centuries, consciously or unconsciously, the other classes of this older European society- the clergy, the bourgeoisie, and ‘ the common people’- adopted many of the outward characteristics of the aristocracy, who became their model, their standard, their ideal. Aristocratic values and ambition were adopted alongside aristocratic manners and fashions of dress. Yet Aristocracy was the object of much contentious criticism and complaint; from the thirteenth century onwards their military value and their political importance were both called into question. Nevertheless, their opponents continued to be their principal imitators. In the eleventh and twelfth centuries, the reforming Papacy and its clerical supporters, although opposed the excessively democratic control of the church ( as is shown by the Investiture contest) nevertheless, themselves first adopted and then strengthened the forms of this control. Noblemen who became bishops or who founded new Orders helped to implant aristocratic principles and forms of government deep within the structure and spiritual life of the Church. Again, in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, the urban bourgeoisie, made prosperous and even rich by trade and industry, were rising to political power as the servants and legal protégés of the monarchy. 7 | P a g e These ‘ Patricians’ were critical of the Aristocracy and hostile towards it. Yet they also imitated the Aristocracy and tried to gain admittance to the closed circle and to achieve equality of status. Even the unarmed peasantry, who usually had to suffer more from the unrelieved weight of aristocratic dominance, long remained tenaciously loyal to their lords, held to their allegiance by that combination of love and fear, amor et timor, which was so characteristic of the medieval relationship between lord and servant, between God and man. The castle and strongholds of the aristocracy remind us of the reality of their power and superiority. Through the long warring centuries when men went defenseless and insecure, the’ house’, the lord’s fortified dwelling, promised protection, security and peace to all whom it sheltered. From the ninth to the eleventh centuries, it not later, Europe was in many ways all to open. Attack came from the sea, in the Mediterranean from Saracens and Vikings, the latter usually in their swift, dragon- power, easily maneuvered longboats, manned by some sixteen pairs of oarsmen and with a full complement of perhaps sixty men. There were periods when the British Isles and the French coasts were being raided every year by Vikings and in the heart of the continent marauding Magyar and armies met invading bands of Saracens. The name of Pontresina, near ST. Moritz in Switzerland, is a memento of the stormy tenth century. It means pons Saracenorum, the ‘ fortified Saracen bridge’, the place where plundering expeditions halted on their way up from the Mediterranean. It was recognized in theory that the Church and the monarchy were the principal powers and that they were bound by the nature of their office to ensure peace and security and to do justice; but at this period they were too weak, too torn by internal conflicts to fulfill their obligations. Thus, more and more power passed into the hands of warriors invested by the monarchy and the Church with lands and rights of jurisdiction, who in return undertook to support their overlords and to protect the unarmed peasantry. Their first concern, however, was self- protection. It is almost impossible for us to realize how primitive the great majority of these early medieval ‘ castles’ really were. Until about 1150 the fortified houses of the Anglo-Norman nobility were simple dwellings surrounded by a mound of earth and a wooden stockade. These were the motte and bailey castles; the motte was the mound and its stockade, the bailey an open court lying below and also stockaded. Both were protected, where possible, by yet another ditch filled with water, the moat. In the middle of the motte there was a wooden tower, the keep or donjon, which only became a genuine stronghold at the later date and in places where stone was readily available. The stone castles of the French and German nobility usually had only a single communal room in which all activities took place. In such straitened surroundings, where warmth, light and comfort were lacking, there was no way of creating an air of privacy. It is easy enough to understand why the life of the landed nobility was often so unrestrained, so filled with harshness, cruelty and brutality, even in later, more ‘ chivalrous ‘ periods. The barons’ daily life was bare and uneventful, punctuated by war, hunting ( a rehearsal for war), and feasting. Boys were trained to fight from the age of seven or eight, and their education in arms continued until they were twenty-one, although in some cases they started to fight as early as fifteen. The peasants of the surrounding countryside, bound to their lords by a great variety of ties, produced the sparse fare which was all that the underdeveloped