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Environmental Science: A Global Concern, 16th Edition, Exams of Environmental Science

Rhodes UniversityEnvironmental Science

Download Environmental Science: A Global Concern, 16th Edition. This comprehensive textbook explores key environmental issues, sustainability, and global solutions. Perfect for AP and college-level environmental science courses.

Typology: Exams

2025/2026

Available from 03/13/2026

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bg1
g
HGFDSg
g HGFDg
TESTgBANKgFORg
EnvironmentalgSciencegagGlobalgConcerng16/EgWilliamgCunninghamg
g CHg01.gUnderstandinggOurgEnvironment.g
g 1) Togsaygthatgenvironmentalgsciencegisgmission-
orientedgmeansgitgisgA)gaghighlygorganizedgendeavor.g
B) essentiallyganginformationggatheringgendeavor.g
C) orientedgtowardgsolvinggproblems.g
D) designedgtogunderstandgrelationships.g
g
g 2) IfgeveryonegingthegworldglivedgaglifestylegsimilargtogthegaveragegU.S.gcitizengwegwouldgneedgg
moregplanetsgtogsupportgeveryone.g
A) twog
B) fourg
C) sixg
D) eightg
g
g 3) Aboutgg
ofgthegworld'sgpeoplegcurrentlyglackgaccessgtogcleangwater,gadequategdiet,gbasicgsanitation,gandg
othergessentialgneeds.g
A) 100gmilliongB)g300gmilliong
C) 700gmilliong
D) 1.4gbilliong
g
g 4) Sustainablegdevelopmentgmeansg
A) improvinggpeople'sglivesgingthegpresentgingagwaygthatgcangcontinuegfargintogthegfuture.g
B) providinggever-increasinggamountsgofgadequateghousing.g
C) continuedggrowthgindefinitelygasglonggasgitgcangbegpaidgoff.gD)gutilizinggangever-
increasinggquantitygofgnaturalgresources.g
g
g 5) Thegearliestgdocumentedgrecognitiongthatgmisusegofgthegnaturalgenvironmentgcanghavegnastygco
nsequencesgwasg
A) GeorgegPerkinsgMarsh'sg1864gpublicationgofgMangandgNature.g
B) RachelgCarson'sgSilentgSpring,galertinggthegpublicgtogthegdangersgofgpollutionging1962.g
C) Roosevelt'sgwarningsgaboutgoverusegagcenturygago.g
D) Plato'sgwritingsg2500gyearsgago.g
6) Whichgofgthegfollowinggpresentlygprovidesg80gpercentgofgthegenergygusedgingindustrializedg
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Download Environmental Science: A Global Concern, 16th Edition and more Exams Environmental Science in PDF only on Docsity!

HGFDSg

g

HGFDg

TESTgBANKgFORg

EnvironmentalgSciencegagGlobalgConcerng16/EgWilliamgCunninghamg

g

CHg01.gUnderstandinggOurgEnvironment.g

g

1) Togsaygthatgenvironmentalgsciencegisgmission-

orientedgmeansgitgisgA)gaghighlygorganizedgendeavor.g

B) essentiallyganginformationggatheringgendeavor.g

C) orientedgtowardgsolvinggproblems.g

D) designedgtogunderstandgrelationships.g

g g

2) IfgeveryonegingthegworldglivedgaglifestylegsimilargtogthegaveragegU.S.gcitizengwegwouldgneedgg

moregplanetsgtogsupportgeveryone.g

A) twog

B) fourg

C) sixg

D) eightg

g g

3) Aboutgg

ofgthegworld'sgpeoplegcurrentlyglackgaccessgtogcleangwater,gadequategdiet,gbasicgsanitation,gandg

othergessentialgneeds.g

A) 100 gmilliongB)g 300 gmilliong

C) 700 gmilliong

D) 1.4gbilliong

g g

4) Sustainablegdevelopmentgmeansg

A) improvinggpeople'sglivesgingthegpresentgingagwaygthatgcangcontinuegfargintogthegfuture.g

B) providinggever-increasinggamountsgofgadequateghousing.g

C) continuedggrowthgindefinitelygasglonggasgitgcangbegpaidgoff.gD)gutilizinggangever-

increasinggquantitygofgnaturalgresources.g

g g

5) Thegearliestgdocumentedgrecognitiongthatgmisusegofgthegnaturalgenvironmentgcanghavegnastygco

nsequencesgwasg

A) GeorgegPerkinsgMarsh'sg 1864 gpublicationgofg MangandgNature .g

B) RachelgCarson'sg SilentgSpring ,galertinggthegpublicgtogthegdangersgofgpollutionging1962.g

C) Roosevelt'sgwarningsgaboutgoverusegagcenturygago.g

D) Plato'sgwritingsg 2500 gyearsgago.g

6) Whichgofgthegfollowinggpresentlygprovidesg 80 gpercentgofgthegenergygusedgingindustrializedg

HGFDSg

g g g

HGFDg

countries?g A) fossilgfuelsg B) windg C) hydroelectricgpowerg D) solarg g g

  1. ThegpositiongthatgnaturegdeservesgtogbegprotectedgingitsgowngrightgisgcalledgA)gbiocentricgpreser vation.g B) utilitariangconservation.g C) environmentalism.g D) globalgenvironmentalism.g g g
  2. constitutesg4.6gpercentgofgthegworld'sgpeoplegyetgproducesgaboutg 50 gpercentgofgallgtoxicgwaste.g A) Chinag B) Germanyg C) Russiag D) ThegUnitedgStatesg g g
  3. Thegtextgsuggestsgtheregisgnotgagstronggconnectiongbetweengpovertygandgenvironmentalg degradation.g ⊚gtrueg ⊚gfalseg g g
  4. Mostgpeoplegagreegthatgglobalgclimategchangegisgnotgagrealgenvironmentalgthreat.g ⊚gtrueg ⊚gfalseg
  5. Byg2050,gthegearthgisgprojectedgtoghavegagpopulationgbetweengA)g 8 gandg 10 gbillion.g B) 7 gandg 8 gbillion.g C) 8 gandg 9 gbillion.g D) 10 gandg 12 gbillion.g g g
  6. Lossgofgindigenousgculturesgisgaccompaniedgbyglossgofguniquegunderstandinggofgnature.g ⊚gtrueg ⊚gfalseg g g

HGFDSg

g g g

HGFDg

B) complex,ginterrelatedgproblemsg C) technologicalgdevelopmentgproblemsg D) globalgwarmingg E) urbangdegradationg g g

  1. Whichgofgthegfollowinggisgnotgtruegofgthegtermg environment ?gA)gEnvironmentgincludesgourgculture.g B) Thegenvironmentgincludesgthegbiosphere.g C) Thegenvironmentgincludesgpoliticalgandgsocialgsystems.g D) Thegenvironmentghasgissuesgforgwhichgtheregaregnogremedies.g E) Thegenvironmentgincludesgthegrelationshipsgbetweengorganisms.g g g
  2. Thegfundamentalgbasisgofgenvironmentalgsciencegasgagdisciplinegisgtheg A) historygofgthegusegofgnaturalgresourcesg B) diversitygofglifegongthegEarthg C) humangimpactgongthegEarthg D) pollutiongongthegEarthg E) futuregusegofgnaturalgresourcesg
  3. Whichgofgthegfollowinggisgnotgtruegofgthegtermg environment ?gA)gEnvironmentgincludesgourgculture.g B) Thegenvironmentgincludesgthegbiosphere.g C) Thegenvironmentgincludesgpoliticalgandgsocialgsystems.g D) Thegenvironmentghasgissuesgforgwhichgtheregaregnogremedies.g E) Thegenvironmentgincludesgthegrelationshipsgbetweengorganisms.g g g
  4. Onegmajorgdifferencegaffectinggthegscopegofgenvironmentalgissuesgofgthegpastgandgpresentgisg theg A) currentgabilitygtogaltergthegnaturalgworldgthroughgtechnologyg B) relativelygnewgemergencegofgenvironmentalistsg C) historicalgignorancegofgtheginterconnectedgnaturegofgenvironmentalgissuesg D) developmentgofgnewgfieldsgsuchgasgenvironmentalgscienceg E) extremelygfastgtransmissiongofginformationgthroughgthegInternetg g g
  5. IngthegfourthgcenturygB.C.,gthegphilosophergPlatogwrotegofgthegerosiongandgdeforestationgthatg g Greece.g A) wouldgonegdaygplagueg B) weregcausedgbygthegexcessivegpopulationging C) weregprevalentgingcountriesgoutsidegofg D) hadgbeengagproblemgthatgwasgnowgresolvedging

HGFDSg

g g g

HGFDg

E) hadgstrippedgthegfinegsoilsgandgforestsgofg g g

  1. Whichgofgthegfollowinggisg NOTg agproblemgbeinggaddressedgbygenvironmentalgscientists?g A) findinggresourcesgforgaghumangpopulationggrowinggatgalmostg 80 gmilliongpeoplegagyear.g B) providinggcleangdrinkinggwater.g C) assessinggandgfindinggsolutionsgtogclimategchange.g D) creatinggprocessesgthatgpromotegsustainabilitygingeverydayglife.g E) creatinggagbettergtransportationgsystemgforgfoodgdistributiongtogthegpopulace.g

HGFDSg

g g g

  1. Utilitariangconservationistsgtendgtogbelievegthatgresourcesgshouldgbegsavedgbecausegtheygareg importantg A) asgaghomegforgwildlifeg B) ingthegconservationgofgaestheticgvaluesg C) togourgunderstandinggofgthegbiosphereg D) forgagstronggeconomicgsystemg E) andgusedgbygallglivinggthingsg g g
  2. Thegapproachgthatgreflectsgthegphilosophygthatgtheregisgwastegingneglectinggthegdevelopmentg andgusegofgcertaingnaturalgresourcesg(suchgasgdeadgtreesgingoldggrowthgforests)gwouldgbestgb egdescribedgasg A) moralgandgaestheticgpreservationg B) globalgenvironmentalgcitizenshipg C) pragmaticgutilitariangconservationg D) agcornucopiangworldviewg g g
  3. Biocentricgpreservationists,gfirstgledgbygJohngMuir,gadvocategsavinggnaturalgareasgforgtheirg A) aestheticgandgspiritualgvaluesgandgwildlifeghabitatg B) huntinggandgfishinggvalueg C) woodgandgmineralgresourcesgforgthegfutureg D) tourismgandgrecreationgpotentialg E) economicgvaluegingcleaninggthegairgandgpreventinggsoilgerosiong
  4. Biocentricgpreservationgisgagphilosophygthatgsupportsgthegbeliefgthatg A) thegbiospheregisgagcentralgresourcegforghumansg B) humansgmustgmanagegresourcesgforgmaximumgproductivityg C) preservationgofgwildlifegisgneededgforghumangsurvivalg D) allglivinggthingsghavegagfundamentalgrightgtogexistgandgpursuegtheirgownginterestsgE)g allglivinggthingsghavegvaluegforghumansg g g
  5. ThegNationalgParkgServicegreflectsgagg approachgwhilegthegForestgServicegreflectsgagg approach.g A) biocentricgpreservationist;gpragmaticgutilitariangconservationistg B) globalgenvironmentalist;gcornucopiang C) pragmaticgresourcegconservationist;gmoralgandgaestheticgpreservationistg D) cornucopian;gglobalgenvironmentalistg E) pragmaticgutilitariangconservation;gbiocentricgpreservationg

HGFDSg

g g g g g g

  1. Pollutiongproblemsg A) aregrelativelygnewgconcernsg B) identifygthegeragofgglobalgenvironmentalismg C) weregrecognizedgatgleastgasgearlygasgthegeleventhgcenturygD)garegthegmaingissuesgforgt echnologicalgoptimistsg g g
  2. EnvironmentalismgstemminggfromgthegpublicationgofgRachelgCarson'sg SilentgSpringg differed gfromgearliergNorthgAmericangconservationgperspectivesgbyg A) focusinggonghumangpopulationggrowthg B) placinggmoregemphasisgongpollutiongproblemsg C) emphasizingginternationalgproblemsg D) encouraginggenergygefficiencyg E) emphasizinggthegvaluegofgnaturalgresourcesg
  3. ModerngenvironmentalismgisgbecominggwellgestablishedgingthegUnitedgStates.gOnegofgthegm aingreasonsgforgthisgisgprobablygtheggingthegmoderngmovement.g A) emphasisgongtechnologicalgremediesg B) interconnectedgnaturegofgourgglobalgvillageg C) combinationgofgactivismgandgresearchg D) emphasisgongimpendinggdoomg E) greatlygexpandedginternationalgcommunicationsg g g
  4. Atgthegendgofgthegtwentiethgcentury,gg has/havegbeengaddedgtogenvironmentalgthinking.g A) globalgconcernsg B) urbangproblemsg C) watergsupplygandgpollutiongproblemsg D) humangpopulationggrowthg E) airgpollutiongproblemsg g g
  5. Somegofgtoday'sgleadinggenvironmentalgthinkers,gsuchgasgDr.gWangarigMaathaigofgKenyag A) havegdenouncedgthegusegofgtechnologyg B) havegshowngthatgagslightgdecreaseginghumangwelfaregmustgaccompanygenvironmental gprotectiong C) havegfocusedgonlygonglocalgenvironmentalgissuesg D) areglinkinggimprovedgenvironmentalgqualitygwithgsocialgprogressg E) treatghumansgasgangentitygseparategfromgthegenvironmentgingwhichgtheygliveg g

HGFDSg

g g g g

  1. IfgeverybodygingthegworldgusedgresourcesgatgthegrategthatgpeoplegingthegUnitedgStatesgdo,gA)g peoplegwouldgbeghealthiergandghappiergworldwide.g B) ourgcurrentgresourcesgwouldgrungoutgquickly.g C) violentgconflictsgwouldgdecreasegbecausegbasicgneedsgwouldgbegmet.g D) economiesgwouldgprosper.g E) moregpeoplegwouldgexperienceghealthgproblemsgbecausegpeoplegingmoregprosperousg countriesgexperiencegmoregstress.g g g
  2. Onegwaygtogdecreasegthegsizegofgourgecologicalgfootprintgisgtog A) decreasegconsumptiongratesg B) increasegconsumptiongratesg C) increasegthegdevelopmentgingthegregiong D) reducegthegsizegofgagbiologicallygproductivegareagingthegregiong E) Nonegofgthese;gitgisgnotgpossiblegtogchangegthegsizegofgangecologicalgfootprintg g g
  3. Thegworld'sgpoorestgpeoplegtypicallygg environmentalgdegradation.g A) causegthegmostg B) aregvictimsgandgcausesgofg C) aregunaffectedgbyg D) don'tgreallygcaregaboutg E) aregignorantgofg g g
  4. Povertygisgusuallygpassedgongfromgoneggenerationgtogthegnextgthroughg A) theglackgofgavailablegopportunitiesg B) geneticgconditionsg C) impropergcaregofgnaturalgresourcesg D) illnessesgspreadgbygvirusesg
  5. Inggeneral,gasgpergcapitagGDPg(grossgdomesticgproduct)grisesgbothgg andgg gincrease.g A) infantgmortality;glifegexpectancyg B) percentagegofgsafegdrinkinggwater;grategofginfectiousgdiseasesg C) infantgmortality;gadultgliteracyg D) percentagegofgsafegdrinkinggwater;gadultgliteracyg E) totalgfertilitygrate;gpercentagegofgsafegdrinkinggwaterg g g
  6. ProponentsgofgsustainablegdevelopmentgarguegthatgA)gallgdevelopmentghasgenvironmentalgco sts.g B) developmentgisglessgimportantgthangthegenvironment.g

HGFDSg

g C) developmentgcangproceedgwithgminimalgcostsgtogthegenvironment.g D) thegenvironmentgisglessgimportantgthangdevelopment.gE)gdevelopmentgdoesgnotgcause genvironmentalgdamage.g g g

  1. Sustainablegdevelopment,gideally,gimprovesglivinggconditionsgA)gforgagfewgdecadesgintogthegf uture.g B) forgthegentiregcurrentgpoliticalgadministration.g C) asglonggasgresourcesglast.g D) forggenerationsgingthegfuture.gE)gforgthegpresentggeneration.g g g
  2. Sustainablegdevelopmentgdiffersgfromgtraditionalgeconomicgdevelopmentgingthatgitgemphasiz esgeconomicgdevelopmentgingtheg A) shortgterm.g B) longgterm.g C) present.g D) past.g E) presentgandgpast.g
  3. Whichgofgthegfollowinggisg NOTg angecosystemgservice?g A) providinggfuelgtogburng B) highgbiodiversityg C) watergpurificationg D) productiongofgfoodg E) decompositiongofgwasteg g g
  4. Thegbranchgofgphilosophygconcernedgwithgthegdistinctiongbetweengrightgandgwronggandgtheg ultimategworthgofgactionsgofgthingsgisg A) values.g B) ethics.g C) morals.g D) attitudes.g E) characters.g g g
  5. EthicsgshouldgguidegdecisionsgmadegregardinggA)genvironmentalgissues.g B) economicgissues.g C) developmentgissues.g D) socialgjusticegissues.g E) Allgofgthegissuesglisted.g

HGFDSg

g D) sanitarygconditions.g E) inadequateghealthcare.g g g

  1. Thegtermg"toxicgcolonialism"ghasgbeengusedgingdescribinggA)glaxgenvironmentalgregulationsg forgtoxicgwastes.g B) thegexportationgofgtoxicgwastesgtogpoorgcommunities.g C) rulingsgthatgtoxinsgmustgnotgbegexportedgtogwealthygnations.g D) theghighglevelgofgtoxicgwastegproductiongbygwealthygnations.gE)gtheghighglevelgofgtoxi cgpesticidegusegbygwealthygnations.g g g
  2. Theghumangdevelopmentgindexg(HDI)g A) usesgmultiplegfactorsgincludingghealth,geducation,gandgpovertygtogcomparegthegdevel opmentgofgcountries.g B) considersgGDPgpergpersongasgagmeasuregofgwealthgofgthegcountrygandgitsgdevelopme nt.g C) isgagmeasurementgofgenvironmentalgdegradationgofgagcountry.g D) onlygconsidersgresourcegusegandgincomegfromgtradegtogdescribegdevelopment.g E) withgagscoregofgzerogmeansgnogproblemsginghealth,geducation,gorgothergqualitygofglife gindicators.g g g
  3. Protectinggfisheriesgandgregulatinggfishinggtogprotectgfishgstocksgwouldgbegagcomponentgofg whichgsustainablegdevelopmentggoal?gA)glifegbelowgwaterg B) affordablegandgcleangenergyg C) industry,ginnovation,gandginfrastructureg D) cleangwatergandgsanitationg E) climategactiong
  4. Whichgofgthegfollowinggisgthegbestgshortgdescriptiongofgthegsustainablegdevelopmentggoals?g A)gagsetgofginternationalggoalsgtogprotectgthegenvironmentgandgalsogpromotegaggoodgandgprod uctiveglifegforgpeopleg B) agsetgofginternationalggoalsgtogprotectgthegenvironmentg C) agplangtogincreasegthegwealthgofgallgpeoplegbygincreasinggindustryg D) agsetgofginternationalggoalsgfocusedgongreversinggclimategchangeg E) agsetgofginternationalggoalsgtogcombatgpoverty,gbutgnotgaddressgthegenvironmentg g g
  5. Saltgmarshesgalonggthegcoastgservegasgagnurserygsitegforgjuvenilegfishgincludinggthosegthatgar egimportantgtogthegfishinggindustry.gItgisgagnaturalghabitatgwheregthesegfishgcangdevelopgbefor eg

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g g g g theygmovegoutgtogthegoceanghabitats.gThegsaltgmarshgingthisgexamplegisg A)gangecosystemgservice.g B) thegtragedygofgthegcommons.g C) sustainablegdevelopment.g D) biodiversity.gE)gthroughput.g g g

  1. Yourgfriendgexplainsgthatgshegbelievesgwatergingriversgshouldgbegprotectedgfromgpollutiongbe causegthatgisgwheregmanygpeopleggetgtheirgdrinkinggwater.gIngthisgcase,gyourgfriendgassignsgg togthegrivers.g A) instrumentalgvalueg B) intrinsicgvalueg C) moralgvalueg D) ethicalgvalueg E) moralgextensionismg g g
  2. Whichgofgthegfollowinggisgincorrectgregardinggqualitygofglifegindicatorsgforgthegmost- gdevelopedgcountries?g A) lowergcarbongdioxidegemissionsgpergcapitag B) lowerginfantgmortalityg C) lowergtotalgfertilityg D) higherglifegexpectancyg E) highergfemalegsecondarygeducationg
  3. Whichgofgthegfollowinggisgagcorrectgpatterngforgenvironmentalgindicators?gA)gAsgwealthgincr eases,ggreenhouseggasgemissionsgincrease.g B) Asgwealthgincreases,gwatergcontaminationgincreases.g C) Asgwealthgincreasesgairgpollutiongdecreases.g D) Asgwealthgincreasesgairgpollutiongisgnotgagfactor.g E) Asgwealthgincreases,gthegenvironmentgisglessgaffected.g g g
  4. SustainablegdevelopmentgisgmostgsimilargtogA)gutilitariangconservation.g B) biocentricgpreservation.g C) industrialization.g D) environmentalism.g E) economicgdevelopment.g g g
  5. JohngMuirgbelievedgthatgnatureghadgintrinsicgvaluegbecausegitgwasgpartgofgGod’sgcreationgnot gbecausegitgcouldgbegusefulgtogman.gThisgisgangexamplegofgA)gbiocentricgpreservation.g

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