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FTCE physical education exam
IDENTIFY METHODS OF EVALUATION IN THE COGNITIVE DOMAIN OF
LEARNING
Standardized Tests - correct answer ✔✔scientifically constructed test with established validity and reliability IDENTIFY METHODS OF EVALUATION IN THE COGNITIVE DOMAIN OF LEARNING Teacher-made Tests - correct answer ✔✔developed personally by the teacher IDENTIFY METHODS OF EVALUATION IN THE COGNITIVE DOMAIN OF LEARNING Essay Tests/Written Assignments - correct answer ✔✔- tests the ability to organize information presented logically in written paragraphs. IDENTIFY METHODS OF EVALUATION IN THE COGNITIVE DOMAIN OF LEARNING Objective Tests - correct answer ✔✔true/false, multiple choice, matching, diagrams, completion, or short written response IDENTIFY METHODS OF EVALUATION IN THE COGNITIVE DOMAIN OF LEARNING
Norm-Referenced Tests - correct answer ✔✔compares individual's score to those of others IDENTIFY METHODS OF EVALUATION IN THE COGNITIVE DOMAIN OF LEARNING Criterion-Referenced Tests - correct answer ✔✔Interpreting a score by comparing it to a predetermined standard. Harrocks Prosocial Behavior Inventory (HPBBI) - correct answer ✔✔measures prosocial play behavior of 5th and 6th graders in recreational play Adams Prosocial Inventory - correct answer ✔✔(social measures)- measures high schools students' prosocial behaviors in physical education classes. Nelson Leadership Questionnaire - correct answer ✔✔(social measures)- determines leaders as perceived by instructors, coaches, classmates, and teammates. Cowell Personal Distance Scale - correct answer ✔✔(social measures)- measures congruity of a student within a group and his/her yearly development. Blanchard Behavior Rating Scale - correct answer ✔✔(social measures)- measures student personality and character. McKethan Student Attitude Inventory-Instructional Processes in Secondary Physical Education (SAI-IPSPE) - correct answer ✔✔(attitude measures) measures attitudes of students toward instructional processes (e.g. teacher's verbal behavior, nature of activities, patterns of class organization, and regulations and policies in conceptual physical education environment).
Tanner Movement - correct answer ✔✔measures students' own level of satisfaction/dissatisfaction with their own movement. Miller and Allen - correct answer ✔✔measures level of stress according to stress indicators Sport Competition Anxiety Tests - correct answer ✔✔measures anxiety toward competition via one's perception of the competition as threatening or nonthreatening. Iowa Brace Test - correct answer ✔✔measures motor educability. AAHPERD Youth Fitness Test - correct answer ✔✔measures motor capacity. AAHPERD Health Related Physical Fitness Test - correct answer ✔✔measures physical capacity. McCloy's General Motor Ability and Capacity Test - correct answer ✔✔measures motor ability and motor efficiency. Rodgers Strength Test - correct answer ✔✔measures muscular strength Texas PE Test - correct answer ✔✔measures motor ability Skills tests for accuracy - correct answer ✔✔involve kicking, throwing, or striking an object toward a goal; activities include volleyball serves, basketball free throws, badminton short serves, and basketball passing (e.g. AAHPERD: Basketball Passing Test for Accuracy).
Skills test for total bodily movement - correct answer ✔✔requires performing a test course that involves movements similar to a given sport (e.g. AAHPERD: Basketball Control Test). Wall Volley Test - correct answer ✔✔measures the number of consecutive successful time/trials to pass, kick, throw, or strike an object at a wall in a given time (e.g. AAHPERD: Basketball Passing Test). Skills Tests for Power or Distance - correct answer ✔✔involve kicks, throws, or strokes to measure the ability to kick, throw, or strike an object (e.g. Badminton Drive for Distance and the Cornish Handball Power Test). Combination Tests - correct answer ✔✔composed of previous groupings to assess speed and accuracy Inclusion - correct answer ✔✔describes the attempt to accommodate all students in the learning process Portfolio construction - correct answer ✔✔is one way of assessing the performance of a student. The student chooses the achievements to add to the portfolio. This creates a tool that assesses current abilities and serves as a benchmark against which the instructor can measure future performance (thus evaluating progress over time, and not just a localized achievement). Student self-assessment - correct answer ✔✔is often an important part of portfolios. The instructor should ask children questions like, "Where am I now? Where am I trying to go? What am I trying to achieve? How can I get from here to there?" This type of questioning involves the child more deeply in the learning process.
individual's fat to muscle ratio. Carbohydrates - correct answer ✔✔the main source of energy (glucose) in the human diet. The two types of carbohydrates are simple and complex Proteins - correct answer ✔✔are necessary for growth, development, and cellular function. The body breaks down consumed protein into component amino acids for future use. Major sources of protein Fats - correct answer ✔✔a concentrated energy source and important component of the human body. The different types of fats are saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated. Vitamins and minerals - correct answer ✔✔organic substances that the body requires in small quantities for proper functioning. People acquire vitamins and minerals in their diets and in supplements Water - correct answer ✔✔55 - 75% of the human body. It is essential for most bodily functions. Water is obtained through foods and liquids. Specificity Principle - correct answer ✔✔is overloading a particular fitness component. In order to improve a component of fitness, you must isolate and specifically work on a single component. Progression Principle - correct answer ✔✔states that once the body adapts to the original load/stress, no further improvement of a component of fitness will occur without adding an additional load. Reversibility-of-Training Principle - correct answer ✔✔in which all gains in fitness
are lost with the discontinuance of a training program COMPUTE THE TARGET HEART RATE ZONE - correct answer ✔✔Cooper's Formula to determine target heart range is: THR = (220 - AGE) x .60 to (220 - AGE) x .80. This is the most common used formula among physical educators. Participants find their THR and attempt to raise their heart rate to the desired level for a certain period of time. There are three ways to calculate the target heart rate. Progression to improve body composition: - correct answer ✔✔• Begin daily.
- Begin a low aerobic intensity and work up to a longer duration (see cardiorespiratory progression).
- Begin low-intensity aerobic exercise for 30 minutes and work up to 60 minutes of exercise. The benefits of warming up are: - correct answer ✔✔• Preparing the body for physical activity.
- Reducing the risk of musculoskeletal injuries.
- Releasing oxygen from myoglobin.
- Warming the body's inner core.
- Increasing the reaction of muscles.
- Bringing the heart rate to an aerobic conditioning level. Cooling down is similar to warming up— a moderate to light tapering-off of vigorous activity at the end of an exercise session. The benefits of cooling down are:
- Redistributing blood throughout the body to prevent pooling.
- Preventing dizziness.
- Facilitating the removal of lactic acid.
- Increased bone mass.
- Cardiac hypertrophy and size and strength of blood vessels.
- Increased number of red cells.
- Improved blood-sugar regulation.
- Improved efficiency of thyroid gland.
- Improved energy regulation.
- Increased life expectancy. Psychological benefits of physical activity include: - correct answer ✔✔• Relief of stress.
- Improved mental health via better physical health.
- Reduced mental tension (relief from depression, improvement of sleeping patterns).
- Increased resistance to fatigue.
- Improved quality of life.
- Increased enjoyment of leisure time.
- Better capability to handle some stressors.
- Opportunity for successful experiences.
- Improved self-concept and self confidence.
- Better ability to recognize and accept limitations
- Improved appearance and sense of well-being.
- Better ability to meet challenges.
- Better sense of accomplishment. Sociological benefits of physical activity include: - correct answer ✔✔• The opportunity to spend time with family and friends and to meet new people and make new friends.
- The opportunity to be part of a team.
- The opportunity to participate in competitive experiences.
- The opportunity to experience the thrill of victory.
Power tests - correct answer ✔✔vertical jump Coordination tests - correct answer ✔✔Stick Test of Coordination. Balance tests - correct answer ✔✔Bass Test of Dynamic Balance (lengthwise and crosswise), Johnson Modification of the Bass Test of Dynamic Balance, modified sideward leap, and balance beam walk Body Composition determination - correct answer ✔✔Hydrostatic Weighing, skin fold measurements, limb/girth circumference, and body mass index. Muscle strength tests - correct answer ✔✔dynamometers (hand, back, and leg), cable tensiometer, The 1-RM Test (repetition maximum: bench press, standing press, arm curl, and leg press), bench-squat, sit-ups (one sit up holding a weight plate behind the neck), and lateral pull-down. Flexibility data - correct answer ✔✔identifies an individual's potential for motor skill performance, an individual's potential for developing musculoskeletal problems (including poor posture), Physical activity and related games can introduce children to the concepts of equity and fairness. In addition, physical activity provides a venue for the interaction of diverse groups of people, allowing participants to observe and appreciate cultural differences and similarities. - correct answer ✔✔Physical activity and related games can introduce children to the concepts of equity and fairness. In addition, physical activity provides a venue for the interaction of diverse groups of people, allowing participants to observe and appreciate cultural differences and similarities.
work, study, or other stresses; provides challenge and sense of accomplishment; provides a way to be healthy and fit; improves self-esteem by mastering skills; provides creative experiences; positive addiction to exercise in contrast to negative substances. SOCCER: The following are direct free-kick offenses - correct answer ✔✔• Hand or arm contact with the ball.
- Using hands to hold an opponent.
- Pushing an opponent.
- Striking/kicking/tripping or attempting to strike/kick/trip an opponent.
- Goalie using the ball to strike an opponent.
- Jumping at or charging an opponent.
- Kneeing an opponent.
- Any contact fouls. SOCCER: The following are indirect free-kick offenses: - correct answer ✔✔• Same player playing the ball twice at the kickoff, on a throw-in, on a goal kick, on a free kick, or on a corner kick.
- The goalie delaying the game by holding the ball or carrying the ball more than four steps.
- Failure to notify the referee of substitutions/re-substitutions and that player then handling the ball in the penalty area.
- Any non- player entering playing field without a referee's permission.
- Unsportsmanlike actions or words in reference to a referee's decision.
- Dangerously lowering the head or raising the foot too high to make a play.
- A player resuming play after being ordered off the field.
- An offensive player must have two defenders between him/her and the goal when a teammate passes the ball or else he is offsides.
- Attempting to kick the ball when the goalkeeper has possession or interference with the goalkeeper to hinder him/her from releasing the ball.
- Illegal charging.
- Leaving the playing field without first obtaining the referee's permission while the ball is in play. Tennis A player loses a point when: - correct answer ✔✔• The ball bounces twice on his/her side of the net.
- The player returns the ball to any place outside of designated areas.
- The player stops or touches the ball in the air before it lands out-of-bounds.
- The player intentionally strikes the ball twice with the racket.
- The ball strikes any part of a player or racket after making an initial attempt to hit the ball.
- A player reaches over the net to hit the ball.
- A player throws his racket at the ball.
- The ball strikes any permanent fixture that is out-of-bounds (other than striking the net). o a ball touching the net and landing inside the boundary lines is in play (except on the serve, where a ball contacting the net results in a "let" - replay of the point)
- A player fails, on two consecutive attempts, to serve the ball into the designated area (i.e. double fault). ARCHERY - correct answer ✔✔• Arrows that bounce off or through the target count as 7 points.
- Arrows landing on lines between two rings receive the higher score of the two rings.
- Arrows hitting the petticoat receive no score.
proceed with precision, minimize "standing-around time", and allow for maximum activity time for each student. Instructors should arrange activities in advance and prepare any necessary line markings Common physical education standards require that - correct answer ✔✔students learn skills necessary to participate in a variety of physical activities, become physically fit, participate regularly in physical activity, understand the benefits and implications of physical fitness, and value physical activity as part of a healthy lifestyle In addition, governmental organizations often determine benchmarks that define physical development and fitness in school-age children. For example, standards may indicate what motor skills students should possess at certain ages and the specific performance criteria that define physical fitness. Instructors can use the benchmarks and tests to evaluate student development and fitness and plan curricula for student improvement. - correct answer ✔✔In addition, governmental organizations often determine benchmarks that define physical development and fitness in school-age children. For example, standards may indicate what motor skills students should possess at certain ages and the specific performance criteria that define physical fitness. Instructors can use the benchmarks and tests to evaluate student development and fitness and plan curricula for student improvement. Long-term planning (e.g. one month, one unit, or one semester) allows instructors to build a comprehensive, sequential curriculum that promotes the development of student skills, fitness, and knowledge over time. For example, an elementary instructor may plan a sequence of units starting with basic running and jumping skills and ending with the introduction of organized sports activities - correct answer ✔✔Long-term planning (e.g. one month, one unit, or one semester) allows instructors to build a comprehensive, sequential curriculum that promotes the
development of student skills, fitness, and knowledge over time. For example, an elementary instructor may plan a sequence of units starting with basic running and jumping skills and ending with the introduction of organized sports activities Physical education through the Psychomotor Domain - correct answer ✔✔movement skills through participation and observation of sports and other physical activities; contributes to utilizing leisure hours in mental and cultural pursuits; contributes skills necessary to preserving the natural environment. Teaching methods to facilitate psychomotor learning include: Task/Reciprocal - correct answer ✔✔- The instructor integrates task learning into the learning setting by utilizing stations Teaching methods to facilitate psychomotor learning include: Command/Direct - correct answer ✔✔Task instruction is teacher-centered. The teacher clearly explains the goals, explains and demonstrates the skills, allocates time for practice, and frequently monitors student progress Teaching methods to facilitate psychomotor learning include: Contingency/Contract - correct answer ✔✔An instructional style in which the teacher rewards students for the completion of tasks. Techniques that facilitate psychomotor learning include: Reflex movements - correct answer ✔✔Activities that create an automatic response to some stimuli such as: flexing, extending, stretching, and postural adjustment. Techniques that facilitate psychomotor learning include: Basic fundamental locomotor movements - correct answer ✔✔Activities that utilize instinctive patterns of movement established by combining reflex movements
Conceptual Theory - correct answer ✔✔The instructor's focus is on acquisition of knowledge. Teaching methods that facilitate cognitive learning include: Guided Inquiry - correct answer ✔✔Stages of instructions strategically guide students through a sequence of experiences. Initially, performing skills will be variable, inconsistent, error-prone, "off-time," and awkward. Students' focus will be on remembering what to do. Instructors should emphasize clear communication of the skill's biomechanics and correct errors in gross movement that effect significant parts of the skill. So students will not be overburdened with too much information, they should perform one or two elements at a time - correct answer ✔✔Initially, performing skills will be variable, inconsistent, error- prone, "off-time," and awkward. Students' focus will be on remembering what to do. Instructors should emphasize clear communication of the skill's biomechanics and correct errors in gross movement that effect significant parts of the skill. So students will not be overburdened with too much information, they should perform one or two elements at a time Techniques to facilitate cognitive learning include: Transfer of learning - correct answer ✔✔Identifying similar movements from a previously learned skill present in a new skill. Techniques to facilitate cognitive learning include: Planning for slightly longer instructions and demonstrations - correct answer ✔✔as students memorize cues and skills. Techniques to facilitate cognitive learning include: Using appropriate language - correct answer ✔✔for the level of the students.
Techniques to facilitate cognitive learning include: Conceptual thinking - correct answer ✔✔giving more capable students more responsibility for their own learning. (ramona writing 3 paragraphs instead of 2) Aids to facilitate cognitive learning include - correct answer ✔✔1. Frequent assessments of student performance.
- Movement activities incorporating principles of biomechanics.
- Utilization of technology: e.g. laser discs, computers and software.
- Utilization of video recordings of student performance. Physical education in the Affective Domain - correct answer ✔✔contributes to self-actualization, self-esteem, and a healthy response to physical activity; contributes to an appreciation of beauty; contributes to directing one's life toward worthy goals; emphasizes humanism; affords individuals the chance to enjoy rich social experiences through play; assists cooperative play; teaches courtesy, fair play, and good sportsmanship; contributes to humanitarianism. Teaching methods and techniques that facilitate affective development include: Fostering a positive learning environment - correct answer ✔✔Instructors should create a comfortable, positive learning environment by encouraging and praising effort and emphasizing respect for others. Teaching methods and techniques that facilitate affective development include: Grouping students appropriately - correct answer ✔✔Instructors should carefully group students to best achieve equality in ability, age, and personalities.
