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Muscular System Multiple Choice Questions: Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology, Exams of Biology

Alagappa UniversityBiology

RFREXAMTO STUDY ANATOMY -------------------------------

Typology: Exams

2019/2020

Uploaded on 10/28/2020

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Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology, 8e (Martini)
Chapter 7 The Muscular System
7.1 Multiple-Choice Questions
1) Which statement regarding skeletal muscle is true?
A) Skeletal muscles are directly, but not indirectly, attached to bones.
B) Skeletal muscles do not contain connective tissue.
C) Skeletal muscles do not maintain body temperature.
D) Skeletal muscles do not contain nervous tissue.
E) Skeletal muscles contain blood vessels.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 7-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
2) Which of the following statements describes how muscles help maintain homeostasis?
A) The contractions of skeletal muscles pull on tendons and move elements of the skeleton.
B) Skeletal muscles are responsible for guarding the openings of the digestive and urinary tracts.
C) Skeletal muscles are responsible for the pumping action of the heart.
D) Skeletal muscles support the weight of some internal organs.
E) Skeletal muscle contractions help maintain body temperature.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 7-1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
3) A layer of collagen fibers that surrounds an entire muscle is called
A) endomysium.
B) perimysium.
C) sarcolemma.
D) sarcomere.
E) epimysium.
Answer: E
Learning Outcome: 7-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
4) A sheath of connective tissue surrounding a bundle of striated muscle fibers is called
A) endomysium.
B) perimysium.
C) sarcolemma.
D) epimysium.
E) sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Answer: B
Learning Outcome: 7-2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
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Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology, 8e (Martini) Chapter 7 The Muscular System 7.1 Multiple-Choice Questions

  1. Which statement regarding skeletal muscle is true? A) Skeletal muscles are directly, but not indirectly, attached to bones. B) Skeletal muscles do not contain connective tissue. C) Skeletal muscles do not maintain body temperature. D) Skeletal muscles do not contain nervous tissue. E) Skeletal muscles contain blood vessels. Answer: E Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
  2. Which of the following statements describes how muscles help maintain homeostasis? A) The contractions of skeletal muscles pull on tendons and move elements of the skeleton. B) Skeletal muscles are responsible for guarding the openings of the digestive and urinary tracts. C) Skeletal muscles are responsible for the pumping action of the heart. D) Skeletal muscles support the weight of some internal organs. E) Skeletal muscle contractions help maintain body temperature. Answer: E Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  3. A layer of collagen fibers that surrounds an entire muscle is called A) endomysium. B) perimysium. C) sarcolemma. D) sarcomere. E) epimysium. Answer: E Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
  4. A sheath of connective tissue surrounding a bundle of striated muscle fibers is called A) endomysium. B) perimysium. C) sarcolemma. D) epimysium. E) sarcoplasmic reticulum. Answer: B Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
  1. Muscle fascicles are separated by A) endomysium. B) perimysium. C) epimysium. D) sarcolemma. E) periosteum. Answer: B Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  2. Regarding a skeletal muscle fiber, wherever a T-tubule encircles a myofibril, the tubule is tightly bound to A) the nucleus. B) the sarcolemma. C) the endomysium. D) the sarcoplasmic reticulum. E) thick filaments. Answer: D Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  3. Each myofibril consists of approximately ________ sarcomeres. A) 10 B) 500 C) 10, D) 100, E) 2-3 million Answer: C Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
  4. A muscle ________ contains a sarcolemma, sarcoplasm, myofilaments, and myofibrils. A) fiber B) intercalated disc C) T-tubule D) myofibril E) motor end plate Answer: A Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
  1. The striated appearance of skeletal muscle results from A) the transverse tubule pattern. B) the sarcoplasmic reticulum. C) cisternae placement. D) actin and myosin arrangement. E) the perimysium arrangement. Answer: D Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
  2. Tropomyosin strands are held in position by which of the following? A) actin molecules B) myosin molecules C) troponin molecules D) ATP molecules E) calcium ions Answer: C Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
  3. Myofibrils are made primarily of A) actin and myosin. B) epimysium. C) ATP and ADP. D) troponin. E) tropomyosin. Answer: A Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  4. Skeletal muscle fibers differ from "typical cells" in that these muscle fibers A) lack a plasma membrane. B) have many nuclei. C) are very small. D) lack mitochondria. E) contain endoplasmic reticulum. Answer: B Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  1. The skeletal muscles store calcium ions in the terminal cisternae of the A) sarcolemma. B) sarcomere. C) sarcosome. D) sarcoplasmic reticulum. E) sarcoplasm. Answer: D Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  2. The active sites on actin molecules are usually covered up by other molecules. What is the critical material required to uncover the active sites on the actin molecules that will then bind to myosin heads? A) ATP B) calcium C) oxygen D) vitamin A E) titin Answer: B Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  3. What is the function of the transverse tubule? A) the storage of calcium ions B) to transmit electrical impulses to the cell's interior C) to store sodium ions D) to allow cross-bridge attachment E) to produce myofibrils Answer: B Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  1. Structure B A) protects the myofibrils. B) attaches to actin molecules. C) produces ATP. D) conducts nerve impulses through the muscle cell. E) stores calcium. Answer: E Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  2. The triad, seen as structure D, is composed of A) the T tubules and the myofibrils. B) actin and myosin. C) troponin and tropomyosin. D) the cisterna of the sarcoplasmic reticulum along with the T tubules. E) the cisterna of the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the myofilaments. Answer: D Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  3. Structure E is the A) ligament. B) sarcolemma. C) sarcoplasmic reticulum. D) epimysium. E) endomysium. Answer: B Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
  4. The structures labeled F are the A) mitochondria. B) sarcomeres. C) nuclei. D) centrioles. E) troponin molecules. Answer: A Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
  1. Structure G is composed of A) actin. B) myosin. C) troponin. D) tropomyosin. E) sarcoplasmic reticulum. Answer: B Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  2. Structure H is the A) thick myofilament. B) thin myofilament. C) Z line. D) H band. E) M lines. Answer: B Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
  3. Structure J represents a A) myosin head. B) sarcomere. C) T tubule. D) myofilament. E) myofibril. Answer: E Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
  4. Structure I is composed of A) actin and perimysium. B) actin and myosin. C) troponin and tropomyosin. D) only myosin heads. E) acetylcholine and cholinesterase. Answer: B Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  1. Place these steps of muscle contraction in the correct order.
  1. Action potential is generated along the sarcolemma
  2. Nerve impulse arrives at synapse
  3. Calcium is released into muscle cell cytoplasm
  4. Acetylcholine is produced
  5. Actin and myosin molecules continuously cross-link, with actin molecules being pulled inward A) 2, 3, 4, 1, 5 B) 4, 2, 1, 5, 3 C) 1, 2, 4, 3, 5 D) 2, 4, 1, 3, 5 E) 1, 2, 4, 5, 3 Answer: D Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Analyzing
  1. Neurotransmitters that cause skeletal muscle contraction are normally stored in A) myofibrils. B) motor neuron axon terminals. C) motor units. D) motor end plates. E) actin. Answer: B Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  2. The stiffness that occurs at death, when actin and myosin molecules stay linked to each other in a contracted state, is due to a lack of A) cAMP. B) DNA. C) RNA. D) ATP. E) tRNA. Answer: D Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  3. Upon the nerve impulse arriving at the axon terminal, A) active sites on actin are exposed. B) active sites on myosin are exposed. C) actin heads will bind to myosin. D) muscle relaxation occurs. E) acetylcholine is released. Answer: E Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  4. Which of the following is one of the steps that ends a contraction?

A) Sarcoplasmic reticulum absorbs sodium ions. B) Acetylcholine binds to receptors on the sarcolemma. C) Calcium ions bind to troponin. D) Acetylcholine is broken down by acetylcholinesterase. E) An action potential spreads across the entire surface of the muscle fiber. Answer: D Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding

  1. In response to action potentials arriving from the transverse tubules, the sarcoplasmic reticulum releases A) acetylcholine. B) sodium ions. C) potassium ions. D) calcium ions. E) acetylcholinesterase. Answer: D Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  2. As a skeletal muscle contraction is initiated, acetylcholine binding alters the motor end plate membrane's permeability to A) acetylcholinesterase. B) sodium ions. C) calcium ions. D) chloride ions. E) potassium ions. Answer: B Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  3. After death, rigor mortis lasts until A) ATP is produced. B) T-tubules recapture calcium ions. C) sodium ions are released by the sarcoplasmic reticulum. D) sarcomeres lengthen. E) myofilaments are broken down. Answer: E Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  1. Which of the following occurs as a result of motor units in a particular muscle being always active, even though their contractions do not produce enough movement to cause contraction? A) treppe B) tetany C) muscle tone D) fatigue E) a twitch Answer: C Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  2. Which statement regarding the relaxation phase of a muscle twitch is true? A) The phase begins at stimulation and typically lasts about two milliseconds. B) Muscle tension falls to resting levels. C) The action potential sweeps across the sarcomere during this period. D) Tension rises to a peak. E) Cross-bridges are interacting with active sites on actin filaments throughout this period. Answer: B Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  3. During which phase is the stimulus frequency so high that the relaxation phase is eliminated? A) complete tetanus B) a twitch C) incomplete tetanus D) recovery E) recruitment Answer: A Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  4. Regarding muscle fiber elongation, A) many active mechanisms exist for muscle fiber elongation. B) muscle contraction is passive; whereas, elongation is active. C) opposing muscle movements are not a factor. D) gravity may help lengthen a muscle fiber after elongation. E) elastic forces are generated where a muscle fiber elongates. Answer: D Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  1. Choose the correct statement regarding motor units. A) Muscle fibers of each motor unit are not mingled with those of other motor units. B) During a sustained contraction, all motor units are activated simultaneously. C) A motor neuron may control only two or three muscle fibers of the eye muscle(s). D) When muscles contract for sustained periods, maximal tension is maintained. E) Most motor neurons control fewer than five muscle fibers. Answer: C Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  2. Muscle cells A) actively lengthen. B) generate compression. C) possess a mechanism that regulates the tension amount by changing the number of contracting sarcomeres. D) vary tension production based on the amount of sodium ions bound to actin. E) can only contract. Answer: E Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  3. Which statement regarding isometric contractions is true? A) Tension rises during a contraction. B) The skeletal muscle's length changes. C) The tension produced never exceeds the load. D) Tension remains at a constant level until relaxation occurs. E) Examples are walking and running. Answer: C Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  4. Why do individual muscle twitches have to be added together, as in summation or tetanus? A) Only added twitches produce any muscle contraction: A fiber undergoing a muscle twitch does not contract at all. B) There has to be a critical mass of muscle twitches for calcium to be released into the muscle cell. C) Not enough acetylcholine will be produced for contraction without multiple twitches. D) Multiple twitches add up to an increase in muscle fiber tension, which increases the strength of the muscle. E) Not enough ATP is generated by one muscle twitch. Answer: D Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding STOP HERE!!!!!! 7.1-7.
  1. Which of the following occurs when glycolysis produces pyruvate faster than it can be used by the mitochondria? A) Pyruvate levels drop in the cytoplasm. B) Lactic acid is produced. C) Pyruvate is converted to sucrose. D) Lactic acid dissociates into a water molecule and hydrogen. E) Oxygen is produced. Answer: B Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  2. A resting muscle generates most of its ATP by A) conversion of creatine phosphate. B) anaerobic respiration. C) aerobic respiration. D) glycolysis. E) heat loss. Answer: C Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  3. Glycolysis A) is an anaerobic process. B) is the breakdown of pyruvate to glucose. C) acts as the only source of ATP in muscle tissue. D) is only active during rest. E) occurs in the nucleus. Answer: A Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  4. Regarding lactic acid regulation, which cells in the body consume extra oxygen and produce ATP for the conversion of excess lactate absorbed from the blood back to glucose? A) neurons B) cardiac muscle cells C) skeletal muscle fibers D) liver cells E) erythrocytes Answer: D Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  1. Which statement regarding "heat loss" is true? A) Muscle activity does not generate heat. B) Shivering in a cold environment results in higher levels of heat loss. C) When skeletal muscles are contracting at peak levels, body temperature drops. D) Heat loss is reduced when blood flow to the skin increases. E) Muscle contractions play an important role in the maintenance of normal body temperature. Answer: E Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  2. The term used to describe muscular growth in response to usage is A) multiple sclerosis. B) muscular dystrophy. C) atrophy. D) hypertrophy. E) myopathy. Answer: D Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  3. Fast fibers A) have loosely packed myofibrils. B) have a high concentration of myoglobin. C) have many mitochondria. D) have high glycogen reserves. E) are about half the diameter of slow fibers. Answer: D Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
  4. "Anaerobic endurance" A) is used during long, slow athletic activities. B) is exemplified by contractions of fast muscle fibers. C) is determined by the availability of carbohydrates, lipids, or amino acids for breakdown. D) is the length of time a muscle can continue to contract while supported by mitochondrial activities. E) does not promote muscle hypertrophy. Answer: B Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  1. Nonstriated, involuntary muscle is A) cardiac. B) red skeletal. C) smooth. D) white skeletal. E) intermediate skeletal. Answer: C Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
  2. Smooth muscle cells A) have to be innervated by motor neurons. B) are larger than cardiac muscle cells. C) are multinucleate. D) contain intercalated discs. E) are spindle-shaped. Answer: E Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  3. Which of the following is characteristic of cardiac muscle? A) Cardiac muscle cells are striated. B) Cardiac muscle cells achieve tetany with every contraction. C) Cardiac muscle fibers are multinucleated. D) Cardiac muscle fibers are faster than skeletal muscles. E) Neurons that innervate cardiac muscle tissue are under voluntary control. Answer: A Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  4. The heart has to be able to regulate its contractions. Heart muscle, unlike skeletal muscle, cannot go into a tetanus. This is because A) the heart muscle has to be able to consistently contract and pump blood in a controlled fashion. B) heart muscle is not resistant to fatigue. C) heart muscle contracts faster than skeletal muscle. D) heart muscle cannot use glycogen. E) the heart uses aerobic metabolism. Answer: A Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying
  1. Smooth muscle A) does not use calcium. B) is not resistant to fatigue. C) contracts faster than skeletal muscle. D) does not undergo tetanus. E) uses primarily aerobic metabolism. Answer: E Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Understanding
  2. The less-movable end of a skeletal muscle is the A) insertion. B) belly. C) origin. D) proximal end. E) distal end. Answer: C Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
  3. Which of the following terms is a descriptive word for a muscle's action? A) obliques B) costalis C) biceps D) adductor E) pectinate Answer: D Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering
  4. Looking at the muscle name sternocleidomastoid, you would identify that this muscle is located in the area of the A) leg. B) neck. C) back. D) abdomen. E) arm. Answer: B Learning Outcome: 7- Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying