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Algorithm
A step-by-step description of how to accomplish a task.
TERM 2
Program
DEFINITION 2
A list of instructions to be carried out by a computer.
TERM 3
Digital
DEFINITION 3
Based on numbers that increase in discrete increments such
as the integers 0, 1, 2, 3, etc.
TERM 4
Binary Number
DEFINITION 4
A number of just 0s and 1s, also known as a base-2 number.
TERM 5
Program Execution
DEFINITION 5
The act of carrying out the instructions contained in a
program.
Compiler
A program that translates a computer program written in one
language into an equivalent program in another language
(often, but not always, translating into machine language).
TERM 7
Java Virtual Machine (JVM)
DEFINITION 7
A theoretical computer whose machine language is the set of
Java bytecodes.
TERM 8
Class
DEFINITION 8
A unit of code that is the basic building block of Java
programs.
TERM 9
Java Runtime
DEFINITION 9
A program that xecutes compiled Java class files.
TERM 10
Java Class Libraries
DEFINITION 10
Java's collection of preexisting code that provides solutions
to common programming problems.
Statement
An executable snippet of code that represents a complete
command.
TERM 17
Statement Terminator
DEFINITION 17
The semicolon character ; used in Java to terminate
statements.
TERM 18
Identifier
DEFINITION 18
A name gien to an entity in a program, such as a class or
method.
TERM 19
Comment
DEFINITION 19
Text included by programmers to explain their code. The
compiler ignores these.
TERM 20
Decomposition
DEFINITION 20
A separation into discernible parts, each of which is simpler
than the whole.
Iterative Enhancement
The process of producing a program in stages, adding new
functionality at each stage. A key feature of each step is that
you can test it to make sure that piece works before moving
on.
TERM 22
Static Method
DEFINITION 22
A block of Java statements that is given a name.
TERM 23
Method Call
DEFINITION 23
A command to execute another method, which causes all of
the statements inside that method to executed.
TERM 24
Flow of Control
DEFINITION 24
The order in which the statements of a Java program are
executed.
TERM 25
Data Type
DEFINITION 25
A name for a category of data values that are all related, as
in type int in Java that represents integer values.
Declaration
A request to set aside a new variable with a given name and
type.
TERM 32
String Concatenation
DEFINITION 32
Combining several strings into a single string, or combining a
string with other data into a new, longer string.
TERM 33
Control Structure
DEFINITION 33
A syntactic structure that controls other statements.
TERM 34
Scope
DEFINITION 34
The part of a program in which a particular declaration is
valid.
TERM 35
Local Variable
DEFINITION 35
A variable declared inside a method that is accessible only in
that method.
Localizing Variables
Declaring variables in the innermost (most local) scope
possible.
TERM 37
Infinite Loop
DEFINITION 37
A loop that never terminates.
TERM 38
Pseudocode
DEFINITION 38
English-like descriptions of algorithms. Programming with
pseudocode involves successively refining an informal
description until it is easily translated into Java.
TERM 39
Class Constant
DEFINITION 39
A name value that cannot be changed. A class constant can
be accessed anywhere in the class (i.e., its scope is the
entire class).
TERM 40
Parameter
DEFINITION 40
Any of a set of characteristic that distinguish different
members of a family of tasks. To parametrize a task is to
identify a set of its parameters.
Object
A prgramming entity that contains state (data) and behavior
(methods).
TERM 47
Class
DEFINITION 47
A category or type of object.
TERM 48
Index
DEFINITION 48
An integer used to specify a location in a sequence of values.
Java gerally uses zero-based indexing (with 0 as the first
index value, followed by 1, 2, 3, and so on).
TERM 49
Exception
DEFINITION 49
A runtime error hat prevents program from continuing its
normal execution.
TERM 50
Immutable Object
DEFINITION 50
An object whose value cannot be changed.
Constructor
A method that creates and initializes an object. Objects in
Java programs must be constructed before they can be used.
TERM 52
Package
DEFINITION 52
A collection of related Java classes.
TERM 53
Import Declaration
DEFINITION 53
A request to access a specific Java package.
