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Download Exam 1 | NR 150 - Oceanography and more Quizzes Oceanography in PDF only on Docsity!
Physical Marine Resources
Petroleum, natural gas, sand, gavel, salts, freshwater
TERM 2
What is the Earth's most valuable physical
resource?
DEFINITION 2
petroleum and natural gas
TERM 3
Energetic Marine Resources
DEFINITION 3
wind, waves, currents, tides
TERM 4
Biological Marine Resources
DEFINITION 4
animals, plants
TERM 5
Non-extractive Marine Resources
DEFINITION 5
transportation of people and cargo, recreation, waste
disposal
Renewable
naturally replaced by the growth of marine organism or by
natural physical processes
TERM 7
Non-renewable
DEFINITION 7
such as oil, gas, and solid minerals deposits are present in
the ocean at fixed amounts and cannot be replenished over
time spans as short as human lifetimes
TERM 8
Where did the systematic study of the ocean
begin?
DEFINITION 8
Library of Alexandria
TERM 9
Eratosthenes of Cyrene
DEFINITION 9
first to calculate the circumference of the world, introduced
the system of latitude and longitude
TERM 10
Who was the father of physical
oceanography?
DEFINITION 10
Matthew Maury
Galaxy
a huge, rotations aggregation of stars, dust, gas, and other
debris held together by gravity
TERM 17
Accretion
DEFINITION 17
the clumping of small masses into larger masses
TERM 18
Outgassing
DEFINITION 18
the volcanic venting of volatile substances (including water
vapor)
TERM 19
Asteroids
DEFINITION 19
a class of small solar system bodies in orbit around the sun
TERM 20
Comets
DEFINITION 20
a small icy solar system body that when close enough to the
sun displays a visible come and sometimes a tail
Seismographs
instruments that sense and record earthquake
TERM 22
What is oceanic crust made of?
DEFINITION 22
basalt (heavy, made of dark-colored rock, containing oxygen,
silicon, magnesium, and iron)
TERM 23
What is continental crust?
DEFINITION 23
granite (less heavy than basalt, made of light-colored rock,
containing oxygen, silicon, aluminum)
TERM 24
Lithosphere
DEFINITION 24
Earth's cool, rigid outer layer
TERM 25
Asthenosphere
DEFINITION 25
the hot, partially melted, slowly flowing layer of the upper
mantle below the lithosphere
Transport
the movement of material from one location to another
TERM 32
Deposition
DEFINITION 32
accumulations, usually of sediments
TERM 33
Subsidence
DEFINITION 33
sinking
TERM 34
Mantle plume
DEFINITION 34
ascending columns of superheated mantle originating at the
core-mantle boundary
TERM 35
Super plume
DEFINITION 35
very large mantle plumes
Divergent
two plates move apart
TERM 37
Convergent
DEFINITION 37
two plates move toward each other and interact
TERM 38
Transform/Transverse
DEFINITION 38
two plates slide laterally past each other
TERM 39
Paleomagnetism
DEFINITION 39
the past magnetic orientation and the past magnetic field
recorded in a rock
TERM 40
Bathymetry
DEFINITION 40
the study of ocean floor contours
