Download Exam Questions: Chemistry - Ionic Bonds, Hybridization, and Molecular Geometry and more Study notes Geometry in PDF only on Docsity!
Exam #3 A
Name___________________________________
Useful constants: h = 6.626 x 10
- 34 J s, c = 3 x 108 m / s
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
- According to VSEPR theory, if there are five electron domains in the valence shell of an atom, they
will be arranged in a(n) __________ geometry.
A) trigonal bipyramidal
B) linear
C) trigonal planar
D) octahedral
E) tetrahedral
- A __________ covalent bond between the same two atoms is the longest.
A) triple
B) double
C) single
D) They are all the same length.
E) strong
- Based on the octet rule, sulfur most likely forms a __________ ion.
A) S
B) S
C) S
D) S
E) S
- __________ is credited with organizing the first periodic table.
A) Ernest Rutherford
B) Dmitri Mendeleev
C) Michael Faraday
D) Lothar Meyer
E) Henry Moseley
- A nonpolar bond will form between two __________ atoms of __________ electronegativity.
A) different, opposite
B) identical, equal
C) similar, different
D) identical, different
E) different, different
- In a hydrogen atom, an electron in a __________ orbital can absorb a photon, but cannot emit a
photon.
A) 3p
B) 1s
C) 2s
D) 3s
E) 3f
- If the visible spectrum is ranked: violet, blue, green, yellow, and red, from hightest frequency to
lowest frequency. What color of visible light has the shortest wavelength __________?
A) violet
B) red
C) blue
D) yellow
E) green
- The formal charge on nitrogen in NO 3
is __________.
A) - 1
B)
C) + 2
D) 0
E) + 1
- All of the __________ have a valence shell electron configuration ns
A) halogens
B) alkaline earth metals
C) alkali metals
D) chalcogens
E) noble gases
- The halogens, alkali metals, and alkaline earth metals have __________ valence electrons,
respectively.
A) 2, 7, and 4
B) 8, 2, and 3
C) 1, 5, and 7
D) 7, 1, and 2
E) 7, 4, and 6
- The __________ have the largest (most negative) electron affinities.
A) alkaline earth metals
B) chalcogens
C) transition metals
D) alkali metals
E) halogens
- Which of the following would have to gain two electrons in order to achieve a noble gas electron
configuration __________?
O Sr Na Se Br
A) O, Se
B) Sr, O, Se
C) Br
D) Na
E) Sr
- There is/are __________ σ bond(s) in the molecule below.
A) 1
B) 2
C) 12
D) 13
E) 18
- Of the following transitions in the Bohr hydrogen atom, the __________ transition results in the
emission of the highest-energy photon.
A) n
n
B) n = 1 → n = 4
C) n = 1 → n = 6
D) n = 6 → n = 1
E) n
n
- In order to produce sp
hybrid orbitals, __________ s atomic orbital(s) and __________ p atomic
orbital(s) must be mixed.
A) one, two
B) one, three
C) two, two
D) two, three
E) one, one
- The ground state electron configuration for Ga is __________.
A) [Ar]4s
3d
B) [Ar]4s
3d
C) [Kr]3s
3d
D) [Ar]3s
3d
E) [Kr]3d
4s
4p
- The hybridization of orbitals on the central atom in a molecule is sp. The electron-domain
geometry around this central atom is __________.
A) trigonal bipyramidal
B) linear
C) tetrahedral
D) octahedral
E) trigonal planar
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
(3 pts) Briefly describe the characteristics of an ionic bond 24)
(5 pts) How many electron domains are there in CO 2
? what will the shape be? Is it polar or
nonpolar?
- (3 pts) Why is water bent? Why is the bond angle for water 104.5° when the expected
tetrahedral angle is 109°?
- (3 pts) Explain WHY atomic radius decreases from left to right on the perioidc table. 27)
- (1 pts) (Circle the right choice) Alkali metals are very reactive beause the have very LOW /
HIGH ionization energy.
- (9 pts) Draw the Lewis structure for H 2
CO(both H atoms are bonded to C), HBr, and
SO
- 2 (draw all resonance structures, if any). For each compound indicate the total
number of electons and the formal charge of each atom.
- (5 pts) How many electron domains are there in PF 3
? what is the name of its shape? Is it
polar or nonpolar?
(2 pts) Describe the location of the electrons in a sigma bond with respect to the nuclei. 35)
(2 pts) What is the condensed electronic configuration calcium (Ca) and indicate how many
core electrons it has and how many valence electrons it has.
- (3 pts) The Lewis structure of ozone, O 3
, can be drawn with one double bond and one
single bond. When O3 is experimentally measured the bond length seems to be half way
between the length of a single bond and a double bond. Briefly explain this observation.
