Download Psychology of Happiness: Questions and Answers and more Exams Advanced Education in PDF only on Docsity!
exdm 300 exam 1
Duchenne smile - CORRECT ANSWER-a genuine smile that involves contraction of a particular set of facial muscles; the full expression including the muscles around the eyes Pam Am smile - CORRECT ANSWER-fake smile Happy Nuns Study - CORRECT ANSWER-More than half of "cheerful" nuns lived to 94 States vs. Traits - CORRECT ANSWER-Traits = characteristics that recur across time and different situations States = momentary occurrences that need not be recurring, such as feelings optimism - CORRECT ANSWER-interpret troubles as transient, controllable, and specific to one situation good life/happiness - CORRECT ANSWER-General well-being; a balance of the full range of human experiences and emotions recreation/leisure - CORRECT ANSWER-aspects of your life that are freely chosen and intrinsically motivated Competence/ Joyfulness - CORRECT ANSWER- pessimism - CORRECT ANSWER-believe troubles last forever, undermine everything they do, and are uncontrollable Tonic vs Phasic traits - CORRECT ANSWER-Tonic = can be displayed many times a day Phasic = can be displayed only rarely Seligman's definition of a "good life" - CORRECT ANSWER-Using your signature strengths everyday to produce authentic happiness and abundant gratification happiness questionnaires - CORRECT ANSWER-fordyce: Based on a sample of 3050 American adults, the average score is 6.93. The average score on time happy is 54.13%; unhappy is 20.44%, and neutral is 25.43% general happiness scale: Two-thirds of people score between 3.8 and 5.
American communities project - CORRECT ANSWER-LDS Enclaves—happiest, satisfied, stressed, and worried Working Class Counties—most unhappy, unsatisfied Ethnic Minorities: Hispanic, African-American, and Native American Counties—less happy Evangelicals Counties different than Mormons Big Cities Counties satisfied, but not happy Positivity Broadens and Builds - CORRECT ANSWER-Positivity opens us—broadens people's ideas about possible actions, opening our awareness to a wider range of thoughts and actions than is typical—making us more receptive and more creative. Builds resources—allowing us to discover and build new skills, new ties, new knowledge, and new ways of being. happiness formula - CORRECT ANSWER-H=S+C+V where H= enduring level of happiness S= set range C= circumstances V= voluntary variables (what we choose to do) hedonic treadmill - CORRECT ANSWER-the observed tendency of humans to quickly return to a relatively stable level of happiness despite major positive or negative events or life changes positive emotion= - CORRECT ANSWER-Creativity, Generosity, and Tolerance Building Physical Resources Building Social Resources Friendship, Love, Physical Health, Achievement Sets us up to cooperate and grow things that don't bring lasting happiness - CORRECT ANSWER-pursuit of material goods pursuit of easy life & pleasure pursuit of physical attractiveness Inadequacies of authentic happiness theory - CORRECT ANSWER-a. Happiness bound to cheerful mood b. Singular measurement of life satisfaction c. Some possible elements of well-being are left out
Playfulness and Humor Zest/Passion/Enthusiasm Active-constructive responding - CORRECT ANSWER-Heartfelt positivity to improve relationships Active and Constructive Passive and Constructive Active and Destructive Passive and Destructive Seligman's Voluntary Variables - CORRECT ANSWER--Satisfaction with past
- Gratitude improves positive memories
- Forgiveness Diffuses bitterness and negative memories forgive through REACH - CORRECT ANSWER-R- Recall objectively E- Empathize Plausibly A- Altruistic gift of forgiveness C- Commit Publicly H- Hold onto forgiveness from Freud's "Psychodynamics" to Beck's "Cognitive Therapy" - CORRECT ANSWER- Early past events exert little or no influence on adult lives Psychodynamics holds that if you do not allow yourself to express an emotion it will squeeze its way out at some other point as an undesirable symptom Cognitive therapy attempts to get patients to change their thinking about the present and the future The need to release anger is a misconception Gratitude is considered a virtue in - CORRECT ANSWER-Judaism, Christianity, and Islamic traditions. transgression motivation scale - CORRECT ANSWER- Recent Chinese and Turkish studies - CORRECT ANSWER-find that forgiveness predicts happiness and life satisfaction and is correlated with gratitude. perks of forgiving - CORRECT ANSWER-Scientific studies show forgiveness leads to less anger, less stress, more optimism, and better reported health Losada Ratio - CORRECT ANSWER-3: The ratio of positive to negative thoughts
Optimism for the Future - CORRECT ANSWER-optimism, faith, trust explanatory styles - CORRECT ANSWER-Permanence: Permanent vs. Temporary Pervasiveness: specific vs. universal increasing hope - CORRECT ANSWER-Learning to Argue with Yourself Evidence Alternatives Implications Usefulness happiness in the present - CORRECT ANSWER-joy, ecstasy, calm, zest, ebullience, pleasure, flow Habituation & Addiction - CORRECT ANSWER-optimal spacing of pleasures happiness is determined by - CORRECT ANSWER-personal set point (50%), circumstances (10%), and intentional activity (40%) Mindfulness vs. Mindlessness - CORRECT ANSWER-Happy is more mindfulness savoring - CORRECT ANSWER-sharing with others, memory-building, self- congratulations, sharpening perceptions, absorption, basking, thanksgiving, marveling Gratification with Meaningful Activity - CORRECT ANSWER-total immersion in activity, absence of consciousness flow, deep experience enacting personal strengths and virtues happiness myths - CORRECT ANSWER-Happiness must be "found" Happiness lies in changing our circumstances Either you have it or you don't what makes happy people different? - CORRECT ANSWER- Limits of Circumstances - CORRECT ANSWER-wealth, materialism 5 hows of happiness - CORRECT ANSWER-Positive Emotion Optimal timing and variety Social support Motivation, effort, & commitment Habit
cultural positivity differences - CORRECT ANSWER-Americans face reduced immunity from negative emotions than Japanese who see negative feelings as normal. love is - CORRECT ANSWER-hat micro-moment of warmth and connection that you share with another living being. the supreme emotion makes us come most fully alive and feel most human biological impact of love - CORRECT ANSWER-builds capacity of vagus nerve, better physical health, social skill, overall wellbeing Brain synchronicity Common oxytocin waves preconditions of love - CORRECT ANSWER-perception of safety connection: true sensory and temporal connection: first eye contact, smiling, then touch, voice, mirrored body postures and gestures positive emotions are potentially powerful forces for - CORRECT ANSWER-growth Positivity Toolkit - CORRECT ANSWER-Be open Create high-quality connections Cultivate kindness Develop distractions Dispute negative thinking Find nearby nature Learn and apply your strengths Meditate mindfully Meditate on loving kindness Ritualize gratitude Savor positivity Visualize your future how does positivity promote growth - CORRECT ANSWER-Outlook expands: become more flexible, attuned to others, creative, and wise Become more resourceful: knowledgeable, resilient, socially integrated, and healthier Positivity Resonance - CORRECT ANSWER-Sharing of one or more positive emotions between you and another A synchrony between your and another person's biochemistry and behavior A reflected motive to invest in each other's well-being that brings mutual care.
Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi - CORRECT ANSWER-The man who came up with the idea of flow states of consciousness flow - CORRECT ANSWER-the state of being completely involved in an activity for its own sake a completely involved, focused state of consciousness, with diminished awareness of self and time, resulting from optimal engagement of one's skills Pleasure vs. Enjoyment - CORRECT ANSWER-most people first think that happiness consists in experiencing pleasure: good food, good sex, all the comforts that money can buy. Enjoyable events occur when a person has not only met some prior expectation or satisfied a need or a desire but also gone beyond what he or she has been programmed to do and achieved something unexpected perhaps something even unimagined before. elements of flow - CORRECT ANSWER-Challenging Activity Participate Effortlessly Clear Goals Immediate Feedback Concentration Sense of Control Loss of Self-Consciousness Transformation of Time Autotelic Experience - CORRECT ANSWER-self-contained activity that is, in itself intrinsically rewarding agon - CORRECT ANSWER-games with competition as a main feature alea - CORRECT ANSWER-games of chance ilinx - CORRECT ANSWER-vertigo; activities that alter consciousness by scrambling ordinary perception mimicry - CORRECT ANSWER-activities where alternative realities are created Cultures or cultural factors that minimize chances for flow? - CORRECT ANSWER- Industrial Revolution reduced individual opportunity for autotelic opportunities The Ik of Uganda institutionalized selfishness The Yonomamo of Venezuela worship violence
