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AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner (CLF-
C02)
What is an AWS region?
. - Answer-a) A region is an independent data center, located in different countries around the globe b) A region is a geographical area that consists of different availability zones. Each region consists of 2 (or more) Availability Zones. c) A region is a collection of Edge Locations available in specific countries. d) A region consists of a number of different subset of AWS technologies. For example the compute region consists of EC2, ECS, Lambda etc What factors should be considered when choosing an Availability Zone? - Answer-Service Availability, Cost, Latency, Data Sovereignty, Resiliency What are Availability Zones? - Answer-Availability Zones are physically separate datacenters within an region. Each Availability Zone is made up of one or more datacenters equipped with independent power, cooling, and networking. It is set up to be an isolation boundary. If one zone goes down, the other continues working. Availability Zones are connected through high-speed, private fiber-optic networks.
What is an edge location? - Answer-- The location where CDN content is cached (these are separate entities from Regions and AZs)
- Are Read/Write capable
- Stores objects for the defined TTL What is Amazon Cloudfront? - Answer-It's a Content Delivery Network (CDN) that caches copies of data closer to the customer. Why use Edge Locations? - Answer-Decreased Latency, Increased Performance, Enhanced Security, Increased Scalability, Increased Global Reach, Decreased Costs and Customization What are AWS local zones? - Answer-Designed to extend the AWS network to reduce latency and bring services to specific geographic areas. AWS Local Zones - Answer-• Bring AWS resources (compute, database, storage, ...) closer to your users
- Good for latency-sensitive applications What are AWS wavelength zones? - Answer-Infrastructure deployments that embed AWS compute and storage services within the telecommunications service providers' datacenters at the edge of the 5G network What is the AWS Management Console? - Answer-Secure, easy to access, web based portal where you can manage cloud computing, storage, and other resources running in AWS What is an API? - Answer-An application programming interface (API) allows application developers to bypass traditional web pages and interact directly with the underlying service through function calls.
Memory Optimized Accelerated Computing Storage Optimized What are on-demand instances? - Answer-Allow you to pay for compute capacity by the hour or the second with no long-term commitments or upfront payments. What are on-demand payments good for? - Answer-This is ideal for applications with short-term sporadic workloads that cannot tolerate interruptions What are reserved instances? - Answer-Offers discount of up to 75% and provides a capacity reservation when used in a specific availability zone How many types of reserved instances are there? - Answer-Standard Reserved, Convertible Reserved and Scheduled Reserved Instances, Dedicated Instances, Spot Instances What are spot instances? - Answer-Bid for unused EC2 capacity. Prices set by Amazon, fluctuate depending on the supply and demand for capacity. What is AWS S3? - Answer-Simple Storage Solution for data. There are multiple types of this available. What is S3 Intelligent Tiering? - Answer-Designed to optimize costs by automatically moving data to the most cost-effective access tier, without performance impact or operational overhead. What is S3 Standard-IA? - Answer-Used for data that is less frequently accessed but still needs to be available quickly What is S3 - One Zone IA? - Answer-Best used for backup data stored in a single location, suitable for data that can be recreated if lost
What is S3 Glacier? - Answer-S3 Glacier is a low-cost storage class that is ideal for data archiving. For example, you might use this storage class to store archived customer records or older photos and video files. Able to retrieve objects within a few minutes to hours What is S3 Glacier Deep Dive? - Answer-S3 Glacier is a low-cost storage class that is ideal for data archiving. For example, you might use this storage class to store archived customer records or older photos and video files. Able to retrieve objects within 12 hours What is S3 Outposts? - Answer-Allows for the storage of data in on-premise environments within an organization's own data center What is Amazon Elastic File System? - Answer-EFS is storage service to share files between EC2 systems, its billed on the amount of storage used. What is AWS Cost Explorer? - Answer-A tool that enables you to visualize, understand, and manage your AWS costs and usage over time by modifying resource configurations. What are AWS Managed Services? - Answer-They offer the relational database service, dynamoDB, elastic container service and elastic kubernetes service. These are designed to handle the operational tasks of maintaining, automating and scaling cloud resources What is a NoSQL database? - Answer-A term used to describe high-performance, non-relational databases. NoSQL databases use a variety of data models, including document, graph, key/value, and columnar.
What is AWS IAM Identity Center? - Answer-Offers a robust mechanism for securely establishing or linking the workforce identities while centrally orchestrating their access across AWS accounts and associated applications What is load balancing? - Answer-Distributing incoming HTTP or application requests across multiple devices so that no single device is overwhelmed. What is AWS elastic container service? - Answer-Fully managed container orchestration service that makes it easy to run, manage and scale containerized applications Kubernetes - Answer-an open source system for automating deployment, scaling, and management of containerized applications What is serverless computing? - Answer-Serverless computing lets you run application code(e.g. functions) without creating, configuring, or maintaining a server. When compared to VMs and Containers, it is the lightest and fastest deployment method. What is AWS Lambda? - Answer-A code execution service Run code without provisioning or managing servers. You only pay for the compute time you consume What is AWS Fargate? - Answer-serverless compute engine for containers that works with both Amazon ECS and EKS When using AWS Fargate, you do not need to provision or manage servers. AWS Fargate manages your server infrastructure for you. You can focus more on innovating and developing your applications, and you pay only for the resources that are required to run your containers.
What is SDN (software-Defined Networking) - Answer-Approach to networking that uses software- based controllers or application programming interfaces (APIs) to communicate with underlying hardware infrastructure and direct traffic on a network What are the benefits of an SDN? - Answer-It allows for fully automated deployment of a network within the cloud There are three types of SDN - Answer-Open SDN, Hybrid SDN and SDN Overlay What is AWS VPC? - Answer-Empowers users to provision a logically isolated section of the AWS cloud where they can launch various AWS resources in a virtual network that they have defined What is infrastructure as code? - Answer-Provisioning of architecture where the deployment of resources is performed by scripted automation and orchestration What is a subnet? - Answer-A range within the VPC that can be allocated to the instances that will be launched What is a route table? - Answer-contains a set of rules, called routes, that are used to determine where network traffic is directed. Each subnet in a VPC must be associated with a route table; the route table controls routing for the subnet. What is a network address translation (NAT) gateways? - Answer-Allows instances in a VPC to connect to the internet or other AWS services but prevents the internet from initiating a connection with those instances What are Network Access Control Lists? (ACLs) - Answer-Similar to traditional network firewalls, operating at the subnet level within the VPC. It consists of a set of numbered rules. Rules exist for inbound and outbound
Uses 1 GB/10GB/100GBs What are the AWS Storage features? - Answer-Compression, deduplication, capacity on demand What is AWS Elastic Block Store? - Answer-High performance block storage service that was designed for use with Amazon EC2 for both throughput and transaction-intensive workloads at any scale. What is block storage? - Answer-A storage model that builds on contiguous sets of bytes known as blocks. What is AWS Elastic File System - Answer-A serverless, fully elastic file storage system designed to share file data without the need for provisioning or managing storage capacity or performance What is FSx for Windows? - Answer-Fully managed native Windows file system with a wide range of data access, data management and administrative capabilities What is AWS Backup? - Answer-- Backup allows you to consolidate your backups across multiple AWS services, EC2, EBS, EFS, Amazon FSx
- Backup can be used with AWS organizations to back up multiple AWS accounts
- Provides a central management interface
- Provides automation backup schedule and retention policies
- Improved Compliance can be enforced while backups can be encrypted at rest and in transit What is AWS Elastic Disaster Recovery - Answer-Helps to minimize downtime and data loss with fast, reliable recovery of on-premises and cloud-based applications using affordable, automated and consistent replications of the system's disk at low cost What is a hosted database? - Answer-Database that is deployed and managed and maintained on a cloud server.
What is DynamoDB? - Answer-Amazon DynamoDB is a managed NoSQL database service that provides fast and predictable performance with seamless scalability. It is designed to handle large amounts of unstructured data and makes this a suitable choice for applications with rapidly changing data demands. What is AWS Neptune? - Answer-Fully managed graphical database - for highly relational databases What is AWS MemoryDB for Redis? - Answer-Amazon MemoryDB for Redis is a fully managed, Redis- compatible, in-memory database service built on a distributed architecture. It provides low-latency read and write capabilities, making it ideal for applications requiring real-time data access. For analysts wo need for an improved performance in-memory data store for their applications, MemoryDB for Redis is the most suitable option What is AWS Aurora? - Answer-Highly secure, cost effective and fully managed relational database service. MYSQL What is AWS DMS Data migration service? - Answer-AWS Database Migration Service (DMS) helps migrate databases to AWS with minimal downtime. DMS can be used to move existing database to a PostgreSQL setup on AWS while ensuring the application remains operational during the migration. What is AWS SageMaker? - Answer-A fully managed service that lets data scientists and developers build, train and deploy machine learning models in the cloud What is AWS Kendra? - Answer-Intelligent search device that is powered by machine learning in the cloud. It can sift through data sets like FAQs etc What is Amazon Rekognition - Answer-A fully managed service that harnesses advanced machine learning to analyze faces, detect objects and scenes What is AWS Textract? - Answer-Reads, text and context from documents and converts this into useable data
What is AWS Kinesis? - Answer-Amazon Kinesis offers a suite of tools for collecting, processing, and analyzing real-time streaming data. It's designed to handle large streams of data from various sources which makes it possible to gain insights in real-time. For the requirement of analyzing streaming data on-the-fly, Amazon Kinesis provides the robust infrastructure that allows for immediate ingestion and analysis to ensure that timely insights from the data streams are provided. What is AWS Managed Streaming or Apache Kafka - Answer-Fully managed service that lets people set up, scale and operate Apache Kafka clusters in AWS What is AWS Lex? - Answer-Amazon Lex provides the advanced deep learning functionalities of automatic speech recognition and natural language understanding. These capabilities make it possible to build conversational interfaces, like chatbots, that can understand user input in a natural and intuitive way. For the need to create a chatbot for their company's website, Amazon Lex provides the tools and framework to recognize and respond to user queries effectively and in real-time. What are AWS Security Groups? - Answer-Security Groups act as virtual firewalls for EC2 instances and is used to define the inbound and outbound traffic rules for your instance. What are inbound rules? - Answer-Regulate the ingoing traffic from an EC2 instance What are outbound rules? - Answer-Regulate the outgoing traffic from an EC2 instance What is Network Access Control List (ACL) - Answer-These are created in VPCs to act as a firewall. They operate at the sub-net level to grant users the flexibility to determine the traffic flow between various subnets. Can create inbound or outbound rules and evaluate it on a ascending order What is a WAF? - Answer-A web application firewall (WAF) is designed to protect HTTP and HTTPS applications. It can be configured with signatures of known attacks against applications, such as injection-based attacks or scanning attacks. What is Data at rest - Answer-Inactive data that is archived, such as data resident on a hard disk drive
What is Data in transit - Answer-Data crossing the network or data that resides in a computer's memory What is data processing? - Answer-process involving computers which converts raw data into useful and logical information, which is then also considered as knowledge based data What is AWS Trusted Advisor? - Answer-AWS Trusted Advisor analyzes an AWS account and then offers real-time recommendations across various areas such as cost optimization, security, performance, and more. It helps users identify potential challenges, opportunities for cost-saving, and vulnerabilities to enhance the overall efficiency of their AWS setup What is AWS Compliance - Answer-Ensures that the cloud platform aligns with the best practices, standards and regulations that apply in the organization's industry. For eg. HIPPA, HITECH, GDPR What is AWS Artifact? - Answer-AWS Artifact provides on-demand access to AWS's compliance reports and certifications. It is specifically designed to aid organizations in understanding AWS's adherence to regulatory standards which makes it the optimal choice for compliance-related queries. What is AWS CloudTrail? - Answer-A web service that records AWS Application Program Interface (API) calls for your account and delivers log files to you. What is AWS Config? - Answer-A fully managed service that provides an AWS resource inventory, configuration history, and configuration change notifications for better security and governance. What is AWS Security Hub? - Answer-A central dashboard that consolidates security findings across AWS services and integrated partner solutions. It provides a unified view of an AWS environment's security and compliance status which makes it ideal for consolidating and simplifying security management.
Simple Queue Service Step Functions What is AWS Connect - Answer-Modern customer service call center What is AWS IoT Core? - Answer-Devices are always talking What is AWS Greengrass? - Answer-Devices are always online What is AWS AppSync? - Answer-AWS AppSync is a managed GraphQL service designed to provide flexible APIs that facilitates the connection between frontend applications and backend data sources. This allows for easy data manipulation and real-time updates. What is AWS Auto Scaling? - Answer-AWS Auto Scaling automatically adjusts the number of compute resources available, such as EC2 instances, based on the actual demand being experienced. This ensures that applications have the right amount of resources at any given time and improves their cost efficiency and performance. What is AWS KMS? - Answer-AWS KMS (Key Management Service) provides centralized control over cryptographic keys and allows users to create and manage these keys used to encrypt and decrypt data. It ensures secure and compliant key management practices to enhance data protection within the AWS cloud. What is AWS Documentation? - Answer-Understanding, implementing or staying up to date What is AWS White Papers? - Answer-Technical documents with in-depth insights, best practices and architectural guidance
What is AWS Technical Resources? - Answer-Detailed guides, insightful articles and real-world experiences that have been shared by AWS enthusiasts to help navigate the large ecosystem What is AWS Prescriptive Guidance? - Answer-AWS Prescriptive Guidance provides detailed step-by- step instructions, best practices, and suggested configurations for efficient usage of AWS services. This ensures users adopt industry-leading practices and achieve optimal results. What is the AWS Knowledge Center? - Answer-Vast library filled with articles, white papers and technical docs, created and maintained by experts at AWS What is AWS re:post? - Answer-Blogging platform for AWS people to share insights What are AWS Support Options? - Answer-Not just troubleshooting but also empowering organizations. What is AWS Health Dashboard? - Answer-Provides a hollistic view of the health of services in your cloud environment. What is AWS Health APi? - Answer- What is AWS Trust and Safety team? - Answer-Relies on the Acceptable Use Policy to ensure AWS remains secure, efficient and user-friendly environment. Protects customers, partners and internet users What is the AWS Partner Network? - Answer-Focuses on 3rd party vendors that work to build,migrate offerings that complement AWS services What is AWS Trusted Advisor? - Answer-Trusted Advisor analyzes AWS environments to provide real- time recommendations. Specifically, for cost optimization, it checks usage patterns, identifies idle resources, and offers suggestions to optimize costs by highlighting potential saving.
What is AWS CodeDeploy? - Answer-AWS CodeDeploy is an AWS service that automates code deployments to any instance, including Amazon EC2 instances and instances running on-premises, allowing developers to automate the deployment process and release new features quickly. What is AWS CloudFormation? - Answer-AWS CloudFormation is an AWS service that provides a common language to model and provision AWS and third-party application resources in your cloud environment, automating the infrastructure setup on AWS in a secure and compliant manner. What is AWS Amplify? - Answer-AWS Amplify is an AWS service that is a set of tools and services that enables developers to build secure, scalable, full-stack applications, powered by AWS, with a flexible, declarative programming model. What is Amazon Kendra - Answer-Amazon Kendra is an AWS service that offers highly accurate and easy to use enterprise search service powered by machine learning, to help you add powerful and intuitive search capabilities to your websites and applications What is an SDK? - Answer-The AWS SDK (Software Development Kit) is a collection of software tools and libraries offered by AWS to developers, allowing them to interact with and utilize AWS services programmatically within their applications, streamlining the integration and management of various AWS services directly from their code and enabling automation of AWS operations. What is an API? - Answer-APIs (Application Programming Interfaces) refer to the sets of rules and protocols that allow developers and applications to interact programmatically with AWS services and resources. AWS APIs provide a standardized way for users to manage and manipulate AWS resources, such as creating virtual machines, storing data, configuring networking, and accessing various cloud services, through code and scripts, enabling automation and integration of AWS services into applications and workflows. What is AWS SageMaker? - Answer-Amazon SageMaker is an AWS service that provides a fully managed service to build, train, and deploy machine learning models quickly, integrating with popular open- source libraries and frameworks and making it easier to get your machine learning models from idea to production.
What is AWS CodeDeploy - Answer-AWS CodeDeploy is an AWS service that automates code deployments to any instance, including Amazon EC2 instances and instances running on-premises, allowing developers to automate the deployment process and release new features quickly. What is AWS CloudFormation - Answer-AWS CloudFormation is an AWS service that provides a common language to model and provision AWS and third-party application resources in your cloud environment, automating the infrastructure setup on AWS in a secure and compliant manner.
