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L.C.E.S = L ANSWER VV LOOKOUTS + Experienced, competent, trusted + Enough lookouts at good vantage points * Knowledgeable of crew and location * Knowledgeable of escape routes and safety locations « Knowledgeable of trigger points + Map, Weather Kit, Watch, [AP L.C.E.S =C ANSWER JV / COMMUNICATIONS + Radio frequencies confirmed + Backup procedures and check-in times established + Provide updates on any situation changes « Sound alarm early, not late L.C.E.S =E ANSWER V ¥ ESCAPE FOUTES + More than one escape route « Avoid steep uphill escape routes + Scouted for loose soils, rocks, vegetation + Time consideration for slowest person, fatigue and Temperature factors « Marked for day or nights + Evaluate escape time vs rate of spread * Vehicles parked for escape L.C.E.S = S ANSWER VV SAFETY ZONES + Survivable without a fire shelter + Back into clean burn « Natural feature (rock areas, water, meadows) « Constructed sites (clearcuts, roads, helispots) + Scouted for size and hazards + Upslope? « Downwind? More heat impact Larger Safety Zone + Heavy Fuels’? CAL FIRE VISION STATEMENT ANSWER VV VISION To be a leader in providing fire prevention and protection, emergency response, and natural resource protection services. CAL FIRE MISSION STATEMENT ANSWER V ¥ MISSION STATEMENT The California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection serves and safeguards the people and protects the property and resources of California. CAL FIRE VALUES 1/4 ANSWER V ¥ Service + We are committed to the safety and well-being of the public and our employees. * We strive for excellence and professionalism. + We maintain a can-do attitude and humility in the execution of our duties. CAL FIRE VALUES ANSWER VV *Service *Cooperation *Protection *Organizational Excellence CAL FIRE VALUES 2/4 ANSWER VV Cooperation « We care about each other and our service to others, including cooperators, governing bodies, and the public. * We build and maintain cooperative relationships across the State to benefit the public + Additional Resource Needs OPERATIONAL LEADERSHIP ANSWER VV Operational Leadership Leadership means providing purpose, direction, and motivation for wildland firefighters working to accomplish difficult tasks under dangerous, stressful circumstances. In confusing and uncertain situations, a good operational leader will: « TAKE CHARGE of assigned resources. + MOTIVATE firefighters with a "can do safely" attitude. + DEMONSTRATE INITIATIVE by taking action in the absence of orders. * COMMUNICATE by giving specific instructions and asking for feedback. + SUPERVISE at the scene of action. LEADERS INTENT ANSWER V ¥ Leader's Intent In addition, all leaders of firefighters have the responsibility to provide complete briefings and ensure that their subordinates have a clear understanding of their intent for the assignment: * Task = + Purpose = + End State — What is to be done Why il is to be done How it should look when done Common Denominators of Fire Behavior on Tragedy Fires ANSWER V V 1. On relatively small fires or deceptively quiet areas of large fires. 2. In relatively light fuels, such as grass, herbs, and light brush. 3. When there is an unexpected shift in wind direction or in wind speed. 4. When fire responds to topographic conditions and runs uphill. Alignment of topography and wind during the Burning Period should be considered a trigger point to re-evaluate tactics. LAST RESORT SURVIVAL ANSWER V ¥ *Eseape if you can *Find a survivable area *Pick a fire shelter deployment site *Expect Last Resort Survival 4/4 ANSWER VV Expect + Extremely heavy ember showers. + Superheated air blast to hit before the flame front hits. « Noise and turbulent powerful winds hitting the fire shelter. + Heat and fire glow inside the fire shelter. + Long deployment times... WHEN IN DOUBT WAIT IT OUT. Last Resort Survival 1/4 ANSWER VV Escape if you can + Utilize all your PPE and act immediately on your best option. + Drop your gear (keep your fire shelter, hand tool, quart of water, and radio). * You may be able to use the fire shelter for a heat shield as you move. + In LIGHT FUELS, you may be able to move through the flames into the black. + If you are on the flank of the fire, try to get below the fire. * Consider vehicles or helicopters for escape. Last Resort Survival 2/4 ANSWER VV Find a survivable area + Stay out of hazardous terrain features. + Use bodies of water that are more than 2 feet deep. + In LIGHT FUELS, you may be able to light an escape fire. In other fuels, you may be able to light a backfire. + Call for helicopter or retardant drops. « Cut and scatter fuels if there is time. - Target position on slope - lower 1/3, upper /3, mid-slope, top of ridge, ete. - Utilize signal mirrors whenever possible. - Utilize panels or flagging to mark target as needed. + Describe target from your location and explain mission. The pilot will decide drop technique and flight path. + Know the pilot's intentions prior to the drop. Clear the area to avoid direct flights over ground personnel and equipment. + Give feedback to pilot about drop accuracy. Be honest and constructive, Let pilot know if drop is early, late, uphill, downhill, on target, too high, too low, etc. Report low drops immediately. Minimum retardant drop heights ANSWER V J SEAT = 60 ft. AGL - Super Scooper (CL 215/415) = 100 ft. AGL - LAT = 150 fi. AGL - VLAT = 300 ft. AGL AIR CRAFT ABRIVATIONS ANSWER VV SEAT = Single Engine Airtanker = 800 gallons LAT = Large Air Tanker = 1800-3000 gallons (P2, SP2H, P3, DC7, C130) VLAT = Very Large Air Tanker (DC10, 747) AGL = Above Ground Level WIIAT AIRCRAFT IS USED FOR AA ANSWER V ¥ OV-10A "Bronco" North American-Rockwell, Columbus, Ohio. Cruise Speed: 258 mph WHAT HELICOPTER DOES CAL FIRE USE & WHAT TYPE ARE THEY . ANSWER VV UHL-LIL "Super Huey Bell Helicopters, Fort Worth, Texas Crew :Pilot , two Fire Captains eight Firefighters Cruise Speed: 125 mph Gallon Capacity: 360 plus -- 324/bucket WHAT AIR TANKERS ARE USED BY CAL FIRE ANSWER ¥V ¥ Grumman S-2T Type III Air tanker SPOT WEATHER FORECAST (NEEDED INFO ) ANSWER VV Name and type of incident (wildland fire, prescribed fire, HazMat, SAR) + Location by latitude/longitude or by 14 section + Incident size + Elevation (at top and bottom of incident) + Fuel type + Sheltering (full, partial, unsheltered) + Fire character (ground fire, crowning, spotting, etc.) WIIEN IS A SPOT WEATHER FORECAST NEEDED ANSWER VV *Spot weather forecasts should always be requested for fires that have the potential for active fire behavior, exceed initial attack, or are located in areas where Red Flag Warnings have been issued. *In addition, personnel should consider requesting a spot weather forecast for non-fire incidents including HazMat or search and rescue activities. SPOT WEATHER FORECAST (MUST HAVE ) ANSWER VV Weather observations need to include: + Location on the fire + Elevation of observation + Aspect of observation « Time of observation « Wind direction. + Wind speed + Dry bulb + Wet bulb *RH LAL 5 ANSWER VV LAL 5 + Numerous thunderstorms. * Rainfall is moderate to heavy. + Lightning is frequent and intense. * More than 15 strikes in 5 minu LAL 6 ANSWER VV LAL6 + Widely scattered dry thunderstorms. « No rain reaches the ground. + Lightning is infrequent. + May constitute the issuance of a Red Flag Warning. ‘Tactical Interpretations from Flame Length Less than 4 feet ANSWER V ¥ Fires can generally be attacked at the head or flanks by firefighters using hand tools. Handline should hold fire. Tactical Interpretations from Flame Length 4 TO 8 Feet ANSWER V ¥ Fires are too intense for direct attack on the head with hand tools. Handline cannot be relied on to hold the fire. Dozers, tractor-plows, engines and retardant drops can be effective. Tactical Interpretations from Flame Length 8- 11 feet ANSWER V V Fire may present serious control problems: torching, crowning, and spotting. Control efforts at the head will probably be ineffective. Tactical Interpretations from Flame Length over 11 feet ANSWER VV Crowning, spotting, and major fire runs are probable. Control efforts at the head of the fire are ineffective. Direct attack [ADVANTAGES ] ANSWER VV Minimal area is burned; no additional area is intentionally burned. « Safest place to work; firefighters can usually escape into the burned area. « The uncertainties of firing operations can be reduced/eliminated. DIRECT ATTACK [DISADVANTAGES] ANSWER ¥ ¥ Firefighters can be hampered by heat, smoke and flames. + Control lines can be very long and irregular. + Burning material can casily spread across mid-slope lines. * May not be able to use natural or existing barriers. + More mop up and patrol is usually required. INDIRECT ATTACK [ADVANTAGES ] ANSWER VV Firefighters can be hampered by heat, smoke and flames. * Control lines can be very long and irregular. + Burning material can easily spread across mid-slope lines. * May not be able to use natural or existing barriers. + More mop up and patrol is usually required. INDIRECT ATTACK [DISADVANTAGES] ANSWER VV More area will be burned. « Must be able to trade time and space for line to be constructed and fired. + Firefighters may be in more danger because they are distant from the fire and have unburned fuels between them and the fire. + There may be some dangers related to firing operations. + Firing operations may leave unburned islands of fuel. + May not be able to use control line already built. WATCH OUT SITUATION #2 ANSWER VV YOU are in country you have NOT SEEN IN DAYLIGHT! a. Be alert for changes in fire behavior b. Watch for nature's danger signals c. Keep informed on weather forecasts d. Maintain communications with fireline supervisors c, Hazards: i. Heavy fuel concentrations ii. Chimneys ili, Snags iv. Falling operations v. Firing operations WATCH OUT SITUATION #6 ANSWER VV YOU have been given an assignment or instructions UNCLEAR TO YOU! a. When given instructions, repeat them back, particularly if they are unclear b. Know what you are supposed to do, before going on the line ¢. Communicate with your supervisor d. When possible, write down your instructions WATCH OUT SITUATION #7 ANSWER VV YOU have NO communication link with crew members or supervisors a. Stay alert to changing conditions b. Stay alert to problems developing c. Stay alert to blow up conditions d. Maintain control and prevent panic WATCH OUT SITUATION #8 ANSWER VV YOU are constructing fireline WITHOUT A SAFE ANCHOR POINT! a. Choose a point or location not currently or likely in the future, to be threatened by fire spread b. A place to begin your fireline where you're likely to hold your line WATCH OUT SITUATION #9 ANSWER VV YOU are building a fireline downhill TOWARD A FIRE! a. Have Escape Routes established b. EXTREMELY dangerous situation c. Stay with your crew d. Post lookouts as necessary, be alert to conditions e. Advanced fuels on upslope are pre-heated, will rapidly burn f. Spot fires on upslope can be expected g. Fire may generate momentum upslope and jump over hoselays or constructed hand lines WATCII OUT SITUATION # 10 ANSWER VV YOU are attempting a frontal assault on a fire a. Watch for and suppress spot fires across road or line b. Have established Escape Routes c. Do not wander into the green at an oncoming fire, wait until it gets to where you are supposed to attack it d. Follow orders e. Be alert WATCH OUT SITUATION #11 ANSWER V/V YOU are in heavy cover with unburned fuel BETWEEN YOU and the FIRE! a. EXTREMELY dangerous situation b. Always requires that lookouts be posted at strategic points for constant observation c. Line should be burned out behind you as it is being constructed d. Be in constant communication with your fire line supervisor c¢. Be prepared to use Escape Routes immediately WATCH OUT SITUATION # 12 ANSWER V ¥ YOU can not see the main fire and you are not in communication WITH ANYONE WHO CAN! a. A dangerous situation al any time b. Area should be thoroughly scouted c. Post a lookout or lookouts as necessary d. Be weather alert e. Obey your supervisor WATCH OUT SITUATION # 13 ANSWER J/¥ YOU are fighting fire on a hillside where rolling fire can ignite fuel BELOW YOU! a. Properly construct trenches on slopes to hold rolling material b. Have established Escape Routes, know where they are WATCH OUT SITUATION # 18 ANSWER ¥V ¥ YOU feel like taking a nap NEAR THE FIRELINE! a. Sleep in shifts if necessary b. Sleep as a group and sleep only with permission from your fire line supervisor c. Don't wander off from the crew, stay together d. Never sleep in the green, always in the burn e. Post a lookout to stay awake and protect crewmembers from fire Name the 8 elements of the IIPP. ANSWER VV - Responsibility - Compliance - Communication- Hazard Assessment - Accident/Exposure Investigation - Hazard Correction - Training and Instruction - Record keeping What are the Elements of the WUI Placard? ANSWER VV - Access - Street Name & Address - Water Source- Defensible Space - Evacuations- Special Notes or Hazards - Date & Time - Resource ID What is the Dept.'s Heat Illness Prevention Policy and Procedure ANSWER VV - employee to consume 1qt of water/hr when in extreme work conditions - allow for rest breaks in cooled, or at least shaded areas as necded, and to the extent feasible What is CDF's Mission Statement ANSWER VV The Department of Forestry and Fire Protection protects the people of California from fires, responds to emergencies, and protects and enhances forest, range, and watershed values providing social, economic, and enviormental benefits to rural and urban citizens. What is CDF's Fire Protection Objective? ANSWER VV CDF’ fire protection objective states that a system of basic fire protection will be provided so that damages to life, property and natural resources will be held at or below a level of acceptable within social, political and economic constraints. Board of Forestry and Fire Protection designates in there Fire Plan that CDF will strive to contain 95% of all unwanted fires at 10 acres or less. 29. Define DPA? ANSWER V ¥ Is the area in which an agency has the financial responsibility to provide fire suppression. What are the contract counties? ANSWER V/V Marin, Santa Barbara, Kern, Ventura, Orange and Los Angeles. What is a contract county? ANSWER VV It is a county that CDF annually allocates state funds for providing wildland fire protection to SRA. Define Initial Attack Wildland ANSWER ¥ ¥ - fire can be contained by the first resources dispatched without substantial augmentation, within 2 hours of the report time Define Major Incident? ANSWER VV The fire CANNOT be contained within the first burning period, even with substantial augmentation of resources; long-term resource commitment and logistical support will be required. What are 3 types of fire attack strategies? ANSWER VV - Direet Attack (offensive) - Indirect Attack (defensive) - Combination of Direct and Indircet What is WUI? ANSWER VV A wildland-urban interface refers to the zone of transition between unoccupied land and human development. Communities that are within of the zone may also be included. These lands and communities adjacent to and surrounded by wildland are at risk of wildfires. 3. Notify the ECC 4. Provide forms to doctor/hospital -CAL FIRE 271 Authorization to Treat -CAL FIRE 200 MEDICAL TREATMENT/RETURN TO WORK -SCIF 3301 Workers' Compensation Claim Form -CAL FIRE Physical/Mental Stress Job Description §. Complete IAPS and/or I[PP15 (if no © computer access) 6. Call home battallion BC o 7. Notify BSC to find replacement staffing © get engine back in service. 8. FC800 to ECC 0 9. Send packet to Return to Work o Coordinator with-in 24 hours. * If employee is placed off of work the Physian has to sign-off on a stress and duty statement and a CALFIRE 200 prior to thier return to work. *County workers (Reserves) need forms reporting though County IJuman Resorcess/Risk Management. Can find in Sharepoint FORMS: Authorization to Treat ANSWER VV CAL FIRE 271 FORMS: CAL FIRE Physical/Mental Stress Job Description ANSWER V/V PMSJD "Stress/Duty Statement” FORMS: Position Duties Statement ANSWER VV/ PO-199 FORMS: Medical Treatment/Returnd to Work ANSWER VV CAL FIRE 200 FORMS: IAPS Worksheet ANSWER VV IIPP-15 What does IAPS stand for ANSWER ¥V V Injury Assesment and Prevention System FORMS: Employee's Claim for Workers' Compensation Benefits ANSWER V/V SCIF 3301 How long do you have to turn in the SCIF 3301 Workers' compenation Claim Form ANSWER V ¥ One working day (24 hours) *must be given to employee with-in 24 hours HIGHRISL: Lf confimed or suspected working fire how many total alarms should be requested? ANSWER VV An additional three alarms for a total of four alarms (4) HIGHRISE: What communication request should be included with a highrise augmented. resoree request? ANSWER VV Should request an additional two tac chanels (minimum) for use by Divisions. What steps should be taken to handle a department vehicle involved in an accident? ANSWER VV 1. Contact the ECC o -Report accident and request needed resorces: Medical, BC, and Law o Enforcement o -Allow them to replace you on an incident o if you were responding to an alarm. o 2. Complete a STD 269 Accident o Investigation / exchange of infromation o 3. Have driver complete a STD 270 Report 
